Journal ArticleDOI
Separating root and soil microbial contributions to soil respiration: A review of methods and observations
TLDR
In this article, three primary methods have been used to distinguish hetero- versus autotrophic soil respiration including integration of components contributing to in situ forest soil CO2 efflux (i.e., litter, roots, soil), comparison of soils with and without root exclusion, and application of stable or radioactive isotope methods.Abstract:
Forest soil respiration is the sum of heterotrophic (microbes, soil fauna) and auto- trophic (root) respiration. The contribution of each group needs to be understood to evaluate implications of environmental change on soil carbon cycling and sequestration. Three primary methods have been used to distinguish hetero- versus autotrophic soil respiration including: integration of components contributing to in situ forest soil CO2 efflux (i.e., litter, roots, soil), comparison of soils with and without root exclusion, and application of stable or radioactive isotope methods. Each approach has advantages and disadvantages, but isotope based methods provide quantitative answers with the least amount of disturbance to the soil and roots. Pub- lished data from all methods indicate that root/rhizosphere respiration can account for as little as 10 percent to greater than 90 percent of total in situ soil respiration depending on vegetation type and season of the year. Studies which have integrated percent root contribution to total soil respiration throughout an entire year or growing season show mean values of 45.8 and 60.4 percent for forest and nonforest vegetation, respectively. Such average annual values must be extrapolated with caution, however, because the root contribution to total soil respiration is commonly higher during the growing season and lower during the dormant periods of the year. Abbreviations: TScer -t otal soil CO 2 efflux rate; f - fractional root contribution to TS cer; RC - root contribution to TScerread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A cascading influence of calcium carbonate on the biogeochemistry and pedogenic trajectories of subalpine soils, Switzerland
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of small amounts of CaCO3 on pedogenic trajectories and soil biogeochemistry in a humid subalpine valley of Switzerland were investigated, and six profiles were selected that had developed under almost identical conditions for soil formation, i.e. climate, topography, vegetation structure, time since deglaciation, silicate mineralogy and texture.
Book ChapterDOI
Urban Soil’s Functions: Monitoring, Assessment, and Management
Viacheslav Vasenev,A. V. Smagin,Nadezhda Ananyeva,Kristina Ivashchenko,E. G. Gavrilenko,T. V. Prokof’eva,A. Patlseva,Jetse J. Stoorvogel,D. D. Gosse,Riccardo Valentini +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the capacity of urban soils to perform environmental functions is poorly understood, and a review of existing approaches to monitor and assess soil functions for a specific case of urban soil is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Contrasting diurnal variations in soil organic carbon decomposition and root respiration due to a hysteresis effect with soil temperature in a Gossypium s. (cotton) plantation
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors used root exclusion plots and buried CO2 sensors in situ during the late growing season in northwestern China to understand the characteristics of the diurnal variation in soil respiration and its response to temperature.
Journal ArticleDOI
Influence of Non-nitrogenous Soil Amendments on Soil CO2 Efflux and Fine Root Production in an N-Saturated Northern Hardwood Forest
Yuanying Peng,Sean C. Thomas +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured responses of soil CO2 efflux (FCO2), fine root production, and root-free incubation soil respiration to experimental additions of non-nitrogenous mineral nutrients (phosphorus (P) + potassium (K) fertilizer, dolomitic lime, and P + K plus lime) over 2 years in a sugar-maple-dominated forest in central Ontario; this region receives some of the highest anthropogenic nitrogen (N) inputs in North America, and evidence exists for co-limitation by P, magnesium (
Journal ArticleDOI
Multiple timescale variations and controls of soil respiration in a tropical dry dipterocarp forest, western Thailand.
Phongthep Hanpattanakit,Monique Y. Leclerc,Andrew M. S. McMillan,Pitayakorn Limtong,Jean-Luc Maeght,Samreong Panuthai,Kazuyuki Inubushi,Amnat Chidthaisong +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, an automated soil chamber system was used to produce hourly data of soil respiration in an Asian tropical seasonal forest at diurnal, seasonal and annual timescales in relation to biotic and abiotic controls.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The global carbon dioxide flux in soil respiration and its relationship to vegetation and climate
TL;DR: In this article, measured rates of soil respiration from terrestrial and wetland ecosystems were used to define the annual global CO 2 flux from soils, to identify uncertainties in the global flux estimate, and to investigate the influences of temperature, precipitation, and vegetation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Carbon Isotopes in PhotosynthesisFractionation techniques may reveal new aspects of carbon dynamics in plants
TL;DR: The fractionation of carbon isotopes that occurs during photosynthesis is one of the most useful techniques for investigating the efficiency of CO2 uptake and indicates that different strategies are needed for improving wateruse efficiency in different kinds of plants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soil respiration and the global carbon cycle
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a brief review for policymakers who are concerned that changes in soil respiration may contribute to the rise in CO2 in Earth's atmosphere, while simultaneously leaving a greater store of carbon in the soil.
Journal ArticleDOI
Model estimates of CO2 emissions from soil in response to global warming
TL;DR: In this article, the Rothamsted model is used to calculate the amount of CO2 that would be released from the world stock of soil organic matter if temperatures increase as predicted, the annual return of plant debris to the soil being held constant.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plant decomposition and soil respiration in terrestrial ecosystems
J. S. Singh,S. R. Gupta +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a review deals with methodological approaches, measured rates, and environmental control of two major interdependent processes regulating the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems, viz., plant decomposition and soil respiration.