Journal ArticleDOI
Separating root and soil microbial contributions to soil respiration: A review of methods and observations
TLDR
In this article, three primary methods have been used to distinguish hetero- versus autotrophic soil respiration including integration of components contributing to in situ forest soil CO2 efflux (i.e., litter, roots, soil), comparison of soils with and without root exclusion, and application of stable or radioactive isotope methods.Abstract:
Forest soil respiration is the sum of heterotrophic (microbes, soil fauna) and auto- trophic (root) respiration. The contribution of each group needs to be understood to evaluate implications of environmental change on soil carbon cycling and sequestration. Three primary methods have been used to distinguish hetero- versus autotrophic soil respiration including: integration of components contributing to in situ forest soil CO2 efflux (i.e., litter, roots, soil), comparison of soils with and without root exclusion, and application of stable or radioactive isotope methods. Each approach has advantages and disadvantages, but isotope based methods provide quantitative answers with the least amount of disturbance to the soil and roots. Pub- lished data from all methods indicate that root/rhizosphere respiration can account for as little as 10 percent to greater than 90 percent of total in situ soil respiration depending on vegetation type and season of the year. Studies which have integrated percent root contribution to total soil respiration throughout an entire year or growing season show mean values of 45.8 and 60.4 percent for forest and nonforest vegetation, respectively. Such average annual values must be extrapolated with caution, however, because the root contribution to total soil respiration is commonly higher during the growing season and lower during the dormant periods of the year. Abbreviations: TScer -t otal soil CO 2 efflux rate; f - fractional root contribution to TS cer; RC - root contribution to TScerread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Controls on Annual Forest Carbon Storage: Lessons from the Past and Predictions for the Future
TL;DR: This article quantified the response of annual carbon storage to historically widespread disturbances, forest succession, and climate variation in a common forest type of the upper Great Lakes region, and found that repeated clear-cut harvesting and fire disturbance resulted in a lasting decrease in annual forest carbon storage.
Journal ArticleDOI
Response of mycorrhizal, rhizosphere and soil basal respiration to temperature and photosynthesis in a barley field
TL;DR: Q 10 values—the increase in respiration rates with a 10 °C increase in temperature—changed seasonally and showed temperature relations being dependent on the presence of mycorrhizal and rhizosphere respiration sources, as well as on plant development.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interactive effects of global change factors on soil respiration and its components: a meta‐analysis
Lingyan Zhou,Lingyan Zhou,Lingyan Zhou,Xuhui Zhou,Junjiong Shao,Junjiong Shao,Yuanyuan Nie,Yanghui He,Liling Jiang,Zhuoting Wu,Shahla Hosseini Bai,Shahla Hosseini Bai +11 more
TL;DR: A meta-analysis of 150 multiple-factor studies to examine the main and interactive effects of global change factors on soil respiration and its two components showed that elevated [CO2 ] (E), nitrogen addition (N), irrigation (I), and warming (W) induced significant increases in Rs by 28.6%, 8.7%, and 7.1%, respectively.
Journal ArticleDOI
Heterotrophic respiration in disturbed forests: A review with examples from North America
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review what is known about this flux as related to forest disturbance using examples from North America and conclude that disturbances lead to a reorganization of ecosystem carbon pools that influences how RH changes over succession.
Journal ArticleDOI
Carbon and water fluxes from ponderosa pine forests disturbed by wildfire and thinning
Sabina Dore,Thomas Kolb,M. Montes-Helu,Sara E. Eckert,Benjamin W. Sullivan,Bruce A. Hungate,Jason P. Kaye,Stephen C. Hart,George W. Koch,Alex Finkral +9 more
TL;DR: The results show that thinned forests of ponderosa pine in the southwestern United States are a desirable alternative to intensively burned forests to maintain carbon stocks and primary production.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The global carbon dioxide flux in soil respiration and its relationship to vegetation and climate
TL;DR: In this article, measured rates of soil respiration from terrestrial and wetland ecosystems were used to define the annual global CO 2 flux from soils, to identify uncertainties in the global flux estimate, and to investigate the influences of temperature, precipitation, and vegetation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Carbon Isotopes in PhotosynthesisFractionation techniques may reveal new aspects of carbon dynamics in plants
TL;DR: The fractionation of carbon isotopes that occurs during photosynthesis is one of the most useful techniques for investigating the efficiency of CO2 uptake and indicates that different strategies are needed for improving wateruse efficiency in different kinds of plants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soil respiration and the global carbon cycle
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a brief review for policymakers who are concerned that changes in soil respiration may contribute to the rise in CO2 in Earth's atmosphere, while simultaneously leaving a greater store of carbon in the soil.
Journal ArticleDOI
Model estimates of CO2 emissions from soil in response to global warming
TL;DR: In this article, the Rothamsted model is used to calculate the amount of CO2 that would be released from the world stock of soil organic matter if temperatures increase as predicted, the annual return of plant debris to the soil being held constant.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plant decomposition and soil respiration in terrestrial ecosystems
J. S. Singh,S. R. Gupta +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a review deals with methodological approaches, measured rates, and environmental control of two major interdependent processes regulating the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems, viz., plant decomposition and soil respiration.