Journal ArticleDOI
Serotonin Function and the Mechanism of Antidepressant Action: Reversal of Antidepressant-Induced Remission by Rapid Depletion of Plasma Tryptophan
Pedro L. Delgado,Dennis S. Charney,Lawrence H. Price,George K. Aghajanian,Harold Landis,George R. Heninger +5 more
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TLDR
The behavioral effects of rapid tryptophan depletion in patients in antidepressant-induced remission and the therapeutic effects of some antidepressant drugs may be dependent on serotonin availability are investigated.Abstract:
Brain serotonin content is dependent on plasma levels of the essential amino acid tryptophan. We investigated the behavioral effects of rapid tryptophan depletion in patients in antidepressant-induced remission. Twenty-one patients who were depressed by DSM-III-R criteria received a 24-hour, 160-mg/d, low-tryptophan diet followed the next morning by a 16-amino acid drink, in a double-blind, placebo-controlled (acute tryptophan depletion and control testing), crossover fashion. Total and free tryptophan levels decreased 87% and 91%, respectively, during acute tryptophan depletion. Fourteen of the 21 remitted depressed patients receiving antidepressants experienced a depressive relapse after the tryptophan-free amino acid drink, with gradual (24 to 48 hours) return to the remitted state on return to regular food intake. Control testing produced no significant behavioral effects. Free plasma tryptophan level was negatively correlated with depression score during acute tryptophan depletion. The therapeutic effects of some antidepressant drugs may be dependent on serotonin availability.read more
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The corticosteroid receptor hypothesis of depression.
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The Serotonin Signaling System: From Basic Understanding To Drug Development for Functional GI Disorders
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Serotonin, tryptophan metabolism and the brain-gut-microbiome axis.
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Current advances and trends in the treatment of depression
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References
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Elevated concentrations of CSF corticotropin-releasing factor-like immunoreactivity in depressed patients
Charles B. Nemeroff,Erik Widerlöv,Garth Bissette,Helena Walleus,Ingvar Karlsson,Kurt Eklund,Clinton D. Kilts,Peter T. Loosen,Wylie Vale +8 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
The biochemistry of affective disorders.
TL;DR: The weight of evidence suggests that biochemical changes are most important in the aetiology of affective disorders, and that psychological and environmental events may precipitate and maintain the biochemical events which in turn lead to the affective disorder.