Proceedings ArticleDOI
Stochastic Behavior of a CMOS Inverter
Peng Xu,Pamela Abshire +1 more
- pp 94-97
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
A method for modelling the stochastic behavior of circuits and applying the method to a CMOS inverter is developed and extended to other circuits where stochastically sample paths and sample statistics are necessary to characterize the circuits.Abstract:
As feature sizes of integrated circuits continue to shrink and demand for low power operation continues to increase, power supply voltages may eventually be reduced to the level where noise becomes significant compared with signals. This would cause digital logic circuits to exhibit non-deterministic behavior. In this paper, we study the stochastic behavior of simple digital circuits operating at low power supply voltages. We develop a method for modelling the stochastic behavior of circuits and apply the method to a CMOS inverter. We use numerical simulations of stochastic differential equations to obtain time- domain transient analysis of the CMOS inverter and magnitude statistics from multiple sample paths. Further, we derive the output distribution at steady state from first principles. We characterize the switching error and the information transmission based on the output steady state distribution. This study provides a detailed understanding of how noise affects the operation of the CMOS inverter at low power supply voltages. The method we develop here can also be extended to other circuits where stochastic sample paths and sample statistics are necessary to characterize the circuits. Traditional frequency domain noise analysis is not adequate to provide this information.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Design of a High Efficiency DC–DC Buck Converter With Two-Step Digital PWM and Low Power Self-Tracking Zero Current Detector for IoT Applications
Sang-Yun Kim,Young-Jun Park,Imran Ali,Truong Thi Kim Nga,Ho-Cheol Ryu,Zaffar Hayat Nawaz Khan,Seong-Mun Park,YoungGun Pu,Minjae Lee,Keum Cheol Hwang,Youngoo Yang,Kang-Yoon Lee +11 more
TL;DR: In this article, a high efficiency dc-dc buck converter with two-step digital pulse width modulation (DPWM) and low power self-tracking zero current detector (ST-ZCD) is proposed for Internet of Things (IoT) and ultralow power applications.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparator Metastability in the Presence of Noise
TL;DR: It is concluded that there is no input value for which metastability inevitably occurs (not even vIdiff = 0), and that there may be a significant probability of metastability at input voltage values much larger than those predicted by conventional analysis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Energy-Efficient Computing With Probabilistic Magnetic Bits—Performance Modeling and Comparison Against Probabilistic CMOS Logic
TL;DR: It is shown that unlike the probabilistic CMOS (PCMOS) logic, the circuit error rate in the GSHE logic becomes a function of the input vector combination and the prior state of the switch, which allows for tremendous reduction in energy and power dissipation.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Low-Voltage High-Speed CMOS Inverter-Based Digital Differential Transmitter with Impedance Matching Control and Mismatch Calibration
TL;DR: In this article, the output impedance of the transmitter was calibrated to achieve the impedance matching between the transmitter output and the transmission line, which is achieved by calibrating the pre-driver output impedance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Advances on CMOS Shift Registers for Digital Data Storage
Mohammad Arif Sobhan Bhuiyan,H. N. Rosly,Mamun Bin Ibne Reaz,Khairun Nisa' Minhad,Hafizah Husain +4 more
TL;DR: This survey will act as a reference for the scientists to design the high-performance memory module and discusses the technologies available for the design of shift registers with their merits and demerits.
References
More filters
Book
Noise in solid state devices and circuits
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose a method to generate 1/f noise noise in particular Amplifier Circuits Mixers by using thermal noise shot and flicker noise, respectively.
Journal ArticleDOI
White noise in MOS transistors and resistors
TL;DR: In this article, the theoretical and experimental results for white noise in the low-power subthreshold region of operation of an MOS transistor are discussed and it is shown that the measurements are consistent with the theoretical predictions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Energy aware computing through probabilistic switching: a study of limits
TL;DR: The main result in this paper establishes the energy savings derived by using probabilistic AND as well as NOT gates constructed from an idealized switch that produces a Probabilistic bit (PBIT).
Journal ArticleDOI
The fundamental limit on binary switching energy for terascale integration (TSI)
James D. Meindl,Jeffrey A. Davis +1 more
TL;DR: The fundamental limit on signal energy transfer during a binary switching transition is E/sub s/(min)=(ln2)kT as mentioned in this paper, which is based on two entirely distinct physical models, one ideal MOSFET operating in a CMOS inverter circuit at the limit of its capacity for binary signal discrimination.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
A Probabilistic-Based Design Methodology for Nanoscale Computation
TL;DR: A probabilistic-based design methodology for designing nanoscale computer architectures based on Markov Random Fields (MRF), which can express arbitrary logic circuits and logic operation by maximizing the probability of state configurations in the logic network.