Testing of liquid lithium limiters in CDX-U
Richard Majeski,Robert Kaita,M. Boaz,P. C. Efthimion,T.K. Gray,B. Jones,D. Hoffman,H.W. Kugel,Jonathan Menard,Tobin Munsat,A. Post-Zwicker,J. Spaleta,G. Taylor,J. Timberlake,R. Woolley,Leonid E. Zakharov,Michael Finkenthal,Dan Stutman,G. Antar,R.P. Doerner,S. C. Luckhardt,R. Seraydarian,Rajesh Maingi,M. Maiorano,S. Smith,D. Rodgers,Vlad Soukhanovskii +26 more
TLDR
Experiments with lithium limiters have now been conducted in the Current Drive Experiment-Upgrade (CDX-U) device at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory as discussed by the authors, and the results showed significant reduction in both recycling and in impurity levels.About:
This article is published in Fusion Engineering and Design.The article was published on 2004-11-01 and is currently open access. It has received 38 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Lithium & Divertor.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Liquid metals as alternative solution for the power exhaust of future fusion devices: status and perspective
J. W. Coenen,G. De Temmerman,G. Federici,V. Philipps,Gennady Sergienko,G. Strohmayer,Alexis Terra,B. Unterberg,T. Wegener,D. C. M. Van den Bekerom +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, tin (Sn), gallium (Ga), and aluminum (Al) are discussed as alternatives for plasma-facing components for fusion power-exhaust, potentially allowing higher operating temperatures without strong evaporation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spectral broadening of lower hybrid waves produced by parametric instability in current drive experiments of tokamak plasmas
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the parametric instability driven by ion sound quasimodes, which occur in the scrape-off plasma layer located near the antenna mouth, produces a significant broadening of the launched LH spectrum.
Journal ArticleDOI
Present status of liquid metal research for a fusion reactor
TL;DR: In this article, an updated review of worldwide liquid metal research is presented, together with some open issues still remaining and some proposals based on simple physical considerations leading to the optimization of the most conservative alternatives.
Journal ArticleDOI
Low recycling and high power density handling physics in the Current Drive Experiment-Upgrade with lithium plasma-facing components
Robert Kaita,R. Majeski,T.K. Gray,H. Kugel,D.K. Mansfield,J. Spaleta,J. Timberlake,Leonid E. Zakharov,R.P. Doerner,T. Lynch,R. Maingi,Vlad Soukhanovskii +11 more
TL;DR: In this article, Munsat et al. used liquid lithium as a large area plasma-facing component (PFC) in a spherical tokamak and achieved the largest enhancement in confinement ever seen in Ohmic plasmas.
Journal ArticleDOI
Performance projections for the lithium tokamak experiment (LTX)
Richard Majeski,L. Berzak,T.K. Gray,Robert Kaita,T. A. Kozub,Fred Levinton,D.P. Lundberg,J. Manickam,G. V. Pereverzev,K. Snieckus,Vlad Soukhanovskii,J. Spaleta,D.P. Stotler,T. Strickler,J. Timberlake,Jongsoo Yoo,Leonid E. Zakharov +16 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the ASTRA-ESC code with a special reference transport model suitable for a diffusion-based confinement regime, incorporating boundary conditions for nonrecycling walls, with fuelling via edge gas puffing.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
On the exploration of innovative concepts for fusion chamber technology
Mohamed A. Abdou,Alice Ying,Neil B. Morley,K. Gulec,Sergey Smolentsev,Mike Kotschenreuther,S. Malang,Steven J. Zinkle,T.D. Rognlien,P.J. Fogarty,B.E. Nelson,Richard E. Nygren,K. McCarthy,Mahmoud Z. Youssef,Nasr M. Ghoniem,D.K. Sze,C.P.C. Wong,Mohamed E. Sawan,H.Y. Khater,R. Woolley,Richard F. Mattas,Ralph W. Moir,Shahram Sharafat,Jeffrey N. Brooks,Ahmed Hassanein,David A. Petti,Mark S. Tillack,M.A. Ulrickson,Tetsuya Uchimoto +28 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored novel concepts for fusion chamber technology that can substantially improve the attractiveness of fusion energy systems, including the potential for: (1) high power density capability; (2) higher plasma β and stable physics regimes if liquid metals are used; (3) increased disruption survivability; (4) reduced volume of radioactive waste; (5) reduced radiation damage in structural materials; and (6) higher availability.
Journal ArticleDOI
Enhancement of Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor performance by lithium conditioning
D.K. Mansfield,K. W. Hill,J. D. Strachan,M. G. Bell,S. D. Scott,Robert Budny,E.S. Marmar,J. A. Snipes,J. L. Terry,S. H. Batha,R.E. Bell,Manfred Bitter,C.E. Bush,Z. Chang,D. S. Darrow,D.R. Ernst,E.D. Fredrickson,B. Grek,H. W. Herrmann,A.C. Janos,D. L. Jassby,F. C. Jobes,David W. Johnson,L. C. Johnson,Fred Levinton,D. R. Mikkelsen,D. Mueller,D. K. Owens,Hyeon K. Park,A. T. Ramsey,A. L. Roquemore,C.H. Skinner,T. Stevenson,B. C. Stratton,E. J. Synakowski,G. Taylor,A. von Halle,S. von Goeler,K. L. Wong,S. J. Zweben +39 more
TL;DR: Mc McGuire et al. as discussed by the authors showed that the amount of lithium on the limiter and the effectiveness of its action can be maximized through injecting four Li pellets into Ohmic plasmas of increasing major and minor radius.
Journal ArticleDOI
Li-CPS limiter in tokamak T-11M
TL;DR: Li-behavior as a limiter material in real tokamak was investigated in this paper, where two moving limiters with similar geometry were installed for comparison in chamber, the conventional graphite-boron limiter and Li-limiter on the basis of capillary pore system.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plasma–lithium interaction in the CDX-U spherical torus
G. Antar,R.P. Doerner,R. Kaita,R. Majeski,J. Spaleta,Tobin Munsat,B. Jones,R. Maingi,Vlad Soukhanovskii,H.W. Kugel,J. Timberlake,Sergei Krasheninnikov,S. Luckhardt,Robert W. Conn +13 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the interaction between plasma and a liquid lithium limiter was investigated in the current drive experiment-upgrade (CDX-U) spherical torus and it was observed that macroscopic lithium droplets detach from the limiter head and fall towards the plasma core.
Journal ArticleDOI
High-harmonic fast magnetosonic wave coupling, propagation, and heating in a spherical torus plasma
TL;DR: In this paper, a rotatable two-strap antenna has been installed in the current drive experiment upgrade (CDX-U) in order to investigate high-harmonic fast wave coupling, propagation, and electron heating as a function of strap angle and strap phasing in a spherical torus plasma.
Related Papers (5)
On the exploration of innovative concepts for fusion chamber technology
Mohamed A. Abdou,Alice Ying,Neil B. Morley,K. Gulec,Sergey Smolentsev,Mike Kotschenreuther,S. Malang,Steven J. Zinkle,T.D. Rognlien,P.J. Fogarty,B.E. Nelson,Richard E. Nygren,K. McCarthy,Mahmoud Z. Youssef,Nasr M. Ghoniem,D.K. Sze,C.P.C. Wong,Mohamed E. Sawan,H.Y. Khater,R. Woolley,Richard F. Mattas,Ralph W. Moir,Shahram Sharafat,Jeffrey N. Brooks,Ahmed Hassanein,David A. Petti,Mark S. Tillack,M.A. Ulrickson,Tetsuya Uchimoto +28 more