Journal ArticleDOI
The accumulation effect of lead on DNA damage in mice blood cells of three generations and the protection of selenium.
Xiaofan Yuan,Chiachun Tang +1 more
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Under lead exposure conditions, administration of Kappa-Se displayed the occurrence of a good protection against lead intoxication which was started from the female mice of the first generation, suggesting the accumulation effect of lead was very significant starting from the second generation.Abstract:
The accumulation effect of lead on DNA damage and the protection of selenium against lead were studied in mice blood cells of three generations. The test animals were divided into four groups: controls, Pb group, Se group, Pb + Se group. Lead and Selenium were administered to mice in the drinking water. The concentrations of lead (in form of lead acetate) and selenium (in form of Kappa-selenocarrageenan) used in this paper were 1 microgram/ml and 0.25 microgram/ml respectively. The percentage of damaged cells (DNA comets) was examined and detected conveniently by the single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay. Results showed that 1 microgram/ml lead did not damage the female mice blood cells of the first generation seriously. However, there was a significant damage effect in both sexes of the second and third generations, suggesting the accumulation effect of lead was very significant starting from the second generation. In addition, under normal physiological conditions, Kappa-Se did not appear to enhance the protective ability on DNA damage significantly, whereas under lead exposure conditions, administration of Kappa-Se displayed the occurrence of a good protection against lead intoxication which was started from the female mice of the second generation.read more
Citations
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Genotoxic effects of lead: an updated review.
TL;DR: Although the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of action of lead remain still unclear, there are some studies that point out indirect mechanisms of genotoxicity such as inhibition of DNA repair or production of free radicals.
Journal ArticleDOI
Facilitative mechanisms of lead as a carcinogen.
TL;DR: Both epidemiological and mechanistic data are consistent with a facilitative role for lead in carcinogenesis, that is, lead by itself may not be both necessary and sufficient for the induction of cancer, but at a cellular and molecular level lead may permit or enhance carcinogenic events involved in DNA damage, DNA repair, and regulation of tumor suppressor and promoter genes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular mechanism of heavy metals (Lead, Chromium, Arsenic, Mercury, Nickel and Cadmium) - induced hepatotoxicity - A review.
Kaviyarasi Renu,Rituraj Chakraborty,Haritha Myakala,Rajeshwari Koti,Ademola C. Famurewa,Harishkumar Madhyastha,Balachandar Vellingiri,Alex George,Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors have shown that heavy metals pose a serious threat to human health in particular and the environment as a whole and have shown the effects of heavy metals on the liver.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antioxidants and the Comet assay.
TL;DR: Several of the most well-known antioxidants are considered and Investigations showing beneficial as well as non-beneficial properties of the antioxidants selected, either at the in vitro, ex vivo or in vivo level are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biochemical and Molecular Bases of Lead-Induced Toxicity in Mammalian Systems and Possible Mitigations
TL;DR: An updated account of varied aspects of lead-induced oxidative stress and the biomolecular consequences such as perturbations in physiological processes, apoptosis, carcinogenesis, hormonal imbalance, loss of vision, and reduced fertility and their possible remediation through synthetic and natural compounds (plant-based principles).
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The single cell gel electrophoresis assay (comet assay): A European review
Valerie J. McKelvey-Martin,Michael H.L. Green,P. Schmezer,Beatrice L. Pool-Zobel,M.P. De Méo,Andrew Collins +5 more
TL;DR: The development of the SCGE assay, existing protocols for the detection and analysis of comets, the relevant underlying principles determining the behaviour of DNA, and the potential applications of the technique are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Preventing lead poisoning in young children
Herbert L. Needleman,Vernon N. Houk,Irwin H. Billick,Ellen Buchart,Lawrence Chadzynski,Roger S. Challop,J. Julian Chisolm,Anita S. Curran,Bernard Davidow,Patricia Field,John W. Graef,Nahman H. Greenberg,Jane S. Lin-Fu,Edward P. Melia,Sergio Piomelli,J. Routt Reigart,Betty Robinson,James W. Sayre,Walter J. Sobolesky,Mary Welcome +19 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Endogenous mutagens and the causes of aging and cancer.
Bruce N. Ames,Lios Swirsky Gold +1 more
TL;DR: About half of natural chemicals tested in high-dose animal cancer tests are rodent carcinogens, a finding that is consistent with the view that high- dose tests frequently increase mitogenesis rates.
Journal Article
Selenium in the treatment of heavy metal poisoning and chemical carcinogenesis.
TL;DR: Although not as effective as Se, vitamin E significantly alters methylmercury toxicity and is more effective than Se against silver toxicity and vitamin E is very effective against lead toxicity but Se has little effect.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lead nephrotoxicity and associated disorders: biochemical mechanisms.
C.V. Nolan,Zahir A. Shaikh +1 more
TL;DR: This review summarizes the biochemical effects of lead on the kidney to understand the mechanisms of lead-induced nephropathy and other associated disorders.