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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

The Combination of a Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor and Antibiotic Alleviates Staphylococcal Arthritis and Sepsis in Mice

TLDR
Treatment with the combination of a TNF inhibitor and an antibiotic resulted in a quicker relief of clinical arthritis in mice with septic arthritis, and it was demonstrated that anti-TNF treatment downregulates high-mobility group protein B1 in staphylococcal enterotoxin shock syndrome.
Abstract
Background. Despite advances in medical practices, in recent decades permanent reductions in joint function have not been achieved, and the high mortality rate of patients with staphylococcal septi ...

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HMGB1 in Health and Disease

TL;DR: High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), the most abundant and well-studied HMG protein, senses and coordinates the cellular stress response and plays a critical role not only inside of the cell as a DNA chaperone, chromosome guardian, autophagy sustainer, and protector from apoptotic cell death, but also outside thecell as the prototypic damage associated molecular pattern molecule (DAMP).
Journal ArticleDOI

Emu oil based nano-emulgel for topical delivery of curcumin.

TL;DR: Arthritic scoring, paw volume, biochemical, molecular, radiological and histological examinations indicated significant improvement in anti-inflammatory activity with formulations containing curcumin in combination with emu oil compared to pureCurcumin.
Journal ArticleDOI

Sepsis: in search of cure

TL;DR: Inability to recognize a single critical mediator of sepsis may be the underlying cause for the poor therapeutic intervention of septicaemia.
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Whole-body deletion of LPS-induced TNF-α factor (LITAF) markedly improves experimental endotoxic shock and inflammatory arthritis

TL;DR: The findings offer a unique model to study the role of LITAF in systemic and chronic local inflammatory processes, and pave the way for anti-LITAF therapeutic approaches for the treatment of TNF-mediated inflammatory diseases.
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Shedding of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 induced by protein A decreases tumor necrosis factor alpha availability and inflammation during systemic Staphylococcus aureus infection.

TL;DR: The results obtained using a protein A-deficient mutant and tnfr1 −/− mice strongly suggest that the increased levels of soluble TNFR1 present during experimental S. aureus infection may neutralize circulating TNF-α and impair the host inflammatory response.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

HMG-1 as a Late Mediator of Endotoxin Lethality in Mice

TL;DR: High mobility group-1 (HMG-1) protein was found to be released by cultured macrophages more than 8 hours after stimulation with endotoxin, TNF, or IL-1, and showed increased serum levels after endotoxin exposure, suggesting that this protein warrants investigation as a therapeutic target.
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Role of cytokines in rheumatoid arthritis

TL;DR: Overall these studies demonstrate that analysis of cytokine expression and regulation may yield effective therapeutic targets in inflammatory disease.
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High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1): nuclear weapon in the immune arsenal.

TL;DR: These features of HMGB1 are discussed and recent advances that have led to the preclinical development of therapeutics that modulateHMGB1 release and activity are summarized.
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Reversing established sepsis with antagonists of endogenous high-mobility group box 1

TL;DR: Observations demonstrate that specific inhibition of endogenous HMGB1 therapeutically reverses lethality of established sepsis indicating thatHMGB1 inhibitors can be administered in a clinically relevant time frame.
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