Journal ArticleDOI
The evolution and genetics of innate immunity
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TLDR
Studies in fruitflies and in mammals reveal that the defensive strategies of invertebrates and vertebrates are highly conserved at the molecular level, which raises the exciting prospects of an increased understanding of innate immunity.Abstract:
The immune system provides protection from a wide range of pathogens. One component of immunity, the phylogenetically ancient innate immune response, fights infections from the moment of first contact and is the fundamental defensive weapon of multicellular organisms. The Toll family of receptors has a crucial role in immune defence. Studies in fruitflies and in mammals reveal that the defensive strategies of invertebrates and vertebrates are highly conserved at the molecular level, which raises the exciting prospects of an increased understanding of innate immunity.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Recombinant VP28 Produced by Cell-Free Technique Confers Protection in Kuruma Shrimp (Marsupenaeus japonicus) Against White Spot Syndrome Virus
Tomoya Kono,J. Fall,Hiroki Korenaga,Raja Sudhakaran,Gouranga Biswas,Tohru Mekata,Toshiaki Itami,Masahiro Sakai +7 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that this recombinant protein, rVP28 derived from white spot syndrome virus and synthesized using wheat germ cell-free technology would have potential utility against WSSV infection in shrimp aquaculture.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of immune tolerance in preventing and treating arthritis.
Gijs Teklenburg,Salvatore Albani +1 more
TL;DR: Treatment targets the immunologic pathophysiology of the disease and is based on regaining immune tolerance, and recent findings suggest that targeting antigen-specific T cells can reinstate regulatory mechanisms and thus induce immune tolerization.
Journal ArticleDOI
Differentially expressed serum proteins in children with or without asthma as determined using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation proteomics.
TL;DR: Several DEPs found in serum samples of children with asthma vs. children without asthma were associated with and may play important roles in the immune response, the inflammatory response, extracellular matrix degradation, and the nervous system.
Journal ArticleDOI
Immune Response of Mud Crab, Scylla Paramamosain, to Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide
TL;DR: Results showed that the immune-related enzymes and genes examined were induced in a time-dependent manner post-LPS challenge, and 18 altered proteins were present in the hemocytes and the main proteins to be altered were highly homologous to hemocyanin and protein kinase.
Book ChapterDOI
Targeting Intramembrane Protein-Protein Interactions: Novel Therapeutic Strategy of Millions Years Old.
TL;DR: How the viral strategies optimized over a billion years of the coevolution of viruses and their hosts can help to revolutionize drug discovery science and develop new, disruptive therapies are discussed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Defective LPS Signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr Mice: Mutations in Tlr4 Gene
Alexander Poltorak,Xiaolong He,Irina Smirnova,Mu Ya Liu,Christophe Van Huffel,Xin Du,Dale Birdwell,E. Alejos,M. Silva,Chris Galanos,Marina Freudenberg,Paola Ricciardi-Castagnoli,Betsy Layton,Bruce Beutler +13 more
TL;DR: The mammalian Tlr4 protein has been adapted primarily to subserve the recognition of LPS and presumably transduces the LPS signal across the plasma membrane.
Journal Article
Defective LPS signaling in C3 H/HeJ and C57 BL/10 ScCr mice: Mutations in Tlr4 Gene
Alexander Poltorak,Xiaolong He,Irina Smirnova,Mu Ya Liu,C. Van Huffel,Xin Du,Dale Birdwell,E. Alejos,M. Suva,Chris Galanos,Marina Freudenberg,Paola Ricciardi-Castagnoli,B. Layton,Bruce Beutler +13 more
Journal ArticleDOI
A Toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA.
Hiroaki Hemmi,Osamu Takeuchi,Taro Kawai,Tsuneyasu Kaisho,Shintaro Sato,Hideki Sanjo,Makoto Matsumoto,Katsuaki Hoshino,Hermann Wagner,Kiyoshi Takeda,Shizuo Akira +10 more
TL;DR: It is shown that cellular response to CpG DNA is mediated by a Toll-like receptor, TLR9, and vertebrate immune systems appear to have evolved a specific Toll- like receptor that distinguishes bacterial DNA from self-DNA.
Journal ArticleDOI
A human homologue of the Drosophila Toll protein signals activation of adaptive immunity
TL;DR: The cloning and characterization of a human homologue of the Drosophila toll protein (Toll) is reported, which has been shown to induce the innate immune response in adult Dosophila.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Dorsoventral Regulatory Gene Cassette spätzle/Toll/cactus Controls the Potent Antifungal Response in Drosophila Adults
TL;DR: It is shown that mutations in the Toll signaling pathway dramatically reduce survival after fungal infection and the intracellular components of the dorsoventral signaling pathway and the extracellular Toll ligand, spätzle, control expression of the antifungal peptide gene drosomycin in adults.