Journal ArticleDOI
The evolution and genetics of innate immunity
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TLDR
Studies in fruitflies and in mammals reveal that the defensive strategies of invertebrates and vertebrates are highly conserved at the molecular level, which raises the exciting prospects of an increased understanding of innate immunity.Abstract:
The immune system provides protection from a wide range of pathogens. One component of immunity, the phylogenetically ancient innate immune response, fights infections from the moment of first contact and is the fundamental defensive weapon of multicellular organisms. The Toll family of receptors has a crucial role in immune defence. Studies in fruitflies and in mammals reveal that the defensive strategies of invertebrates and vertebrates are highly conserved at the molecular level, which raises the exciting prospects of an increased understanding of innate immunity.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of the effect of Cr(VI) on humoral innate immunity using Drosophila melanogaster
Prakash Pragya,Prakash Pragya,Arvind Kumar Shukla,Arvind Kumar Shukla,Ramesh C. Murthy,Malik Zainul Abdin,D. Kar Chowdhuri +6 more
TL;DR: This is the first report regarding negative impact of an environmental chemical on humoral innate immune response of Drosophila along with subsequent protection by AMPs, which may provide novel insight into host–chemical interactions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Associations of DC-SIGN (CD209) promoter -336G/A polymorphism (rs4804803) with dengue infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Noel Pabalan,Suwit Chaisri,Sompong Tabunhan,Achara Phumyen,Hamdi Jarjanazi,Theodore S. Steiner +5 more
TL;DR: The DC-SIGN -336G/A polymorphism significantly affects DHF and DF incidence with the effect more pronounced in certain analyzed patient subgroups, and is strengthened by their non-heterogeneity and robustness of the effects.
Detection, identification and quantification of microorganisms in selected infections
TL;DR: This document breaches copyright and will be removed from access immediately and investigate the claim.
Patent
Methods and systems for generating and evaluating peptides
TL;DR: In this paper, a method has been developed to create databases of peptides having a desirable property, such as antimicrobial activity, based on analyzing a database of known peptides for a pattern statistically associated with an activity.
Book ChapterDOI
An Introduction to CNS-Resident Microglia: Definitions, Assays, and Functional Roles in Health and Disease
TL;DR: Although microglia can change their morphology in response to specific stimuli, morphology is now well demonstrated to be a poor discriminator between different types of activation (Fig. 1).
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Defective LPS Signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr Mice: Mutations in Tlr4 Gene
Alexander Poltorak,Xiaolong He,Irina Smirnova,Mu Ya Liu,Christophe Van Huffel,Xin Du,Dale Birdwell,E. Alejos,M. Silva,Chris Galanos,Marina Freudenberg,Paola Ricciardi-Castagnoli,Betsy Layton,Bruce Beutler +13 more
TL;DR: The mammalian Tlr4 protein has been adapted primarily to subserve the recognition of LPS and presumably transduces the LPS signal across the plasma membrane.
Journal Article
Defective LPS signaling in C3 H/HeJ and C57 BL/10 ScCr mice: Mutations in Tlr4 Gene
Alexander Poltorak,Xiaolong He,Irina Smirnova,Mu Ya Liu,C. Van Huffel,Xin Du,Dale Birdwell,E. Alejos,M. Suva,Chris Galanos,Marina Freudenberg,Paola Ricciardi-Castagnoli,B. Layton,Bruce Beutler +13 more
Journal ArticleDOI
A Toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA.
Hiroaki Hemmi,Osamu Takeuchi,Taro Kawai,Tsuneyasu Kaisho,Shintaro Sato,Hideki Sanjo,Makoto Matsumoto,Katsuaki Hoshino,Hermann Wagner,Kiyoshi Takeda,Shizuo Akira +10 more
TL;DR: It is shown that cellular response to CpG DNA is mediated by a Toll-like receptor, TLR9, and vertebrate immune systems appear to have evolved a specific Toll- like receptor that distinguishes bacterial DNA from self-DNA.
Journal ArticleDOI
A human homologue of the Drosophila Toll protein signals activation of adaptive immunity
TL;DR: The cloning and characterization of a human homologue of the Drosophila toll protein (Toll) is reported, which has been shown to induce the innate immune response in adult Dosophila.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Dorsoventral Regulatory Gene Cassette spätzle/Toll/cactus Controls the Potent Antifungal Response in Drosophila Adults
TL;DR: It is shown that mutations in the Toll signaling pathway dramatically reduce survival after fungal infection and the intracellular components of the dorsoventral signaling pathway and the extracellular Toll ligand, spätzle, control expression of the antifungal peptide gene drosomycin in adults.