The host microenvironment influences prostate cancer invasion, systemic spread, bone colonization, and osteoblastic metastasis
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This work addresses how the primary tumor microenvironment influences PCa metastasis via integrins, extracellular proteases, and transient epithelia-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to promote PCa progression, invasion, and metastasis.Abstract:
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer death in men worldwide. Most PCa deaths are due to osteoblastic bone metastases. What triggers PCa metastasis to the bone and what causes osteoblastic lesions remain unanswered. A major contributor to PCa metastasis is the host microenvironment. Here, we address how the primary tumor microenvironment influences PCa metastasis via integrins, extracellular proteases, and transient epithelia-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to promote PCa progression, invasion, and metastasis. We discuss how the bone-microenvironment influences metastasis; where chemotactic cytokines favor bone homing, adhesion molecules promote colonization, and bone-derived signals induce osteoblastic lesions. Animal models that fully recapitulate human PCa progression from primary tumor to bone metastasis are needed to understand the PCa pathophysiology that leads to bone metastasis. Better delineation of the specific processes involved in PCa bone metastasize is needed to prevent or treat metastatic PCa. Therapeutic regimens that focus on the tumor microenvironment could add to the PCa pharmacopeia.read more
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Exosomal miR-141-3p regulates osteoblast activity to promote the osteoblastic metastasis of prostate cancer.
Yun Ye,Su-Liang Li,Yueyun Ma,Yanjun Diao,Liu Yang,Mingquan Su,Zhuo Li,Yang Ji,Juan Wang,Lin Lei,Wei-Xiao Fan,La-Xiu Li,Yi Xu,Xiaoke Hao +13 more
TL;DR: In animal experiments, exosomal miR-141-3p had bone-target specificity and promoted osteoblast activity and regulated the microenvironment of bone metastases, which plays an important role in the formation ofBone metastases and osteogenesis damage in PCa.
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Tumor Microenvironment Heterogeneity: Challenges and Opportunities
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Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase III Study of Tasquinimod in Men With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Cora N. Sternberg,Andrew J. Armstrong,Roberto Pili,Siobhan Ng,Robert Huddart,Neeraj Agarwal,Denis Khvorostenko,Olexiy Lyulko,Arija Brize,Nicholas J. Vogelzang,Remy Delva,Mihai Harza,A. Thanos,Nicholas D. James,Patrick Werbrouck,Martin Bögemann,Thomas E. Hutson,Piotr Milecki,Simon Chowdhury,Enrique Gallardo,Gilberto Schwartsmann,Jean Christophe Pouget,Frederique Baton,Thore Nederman,Helen Tuvesson,Michael A. Carducci +25 more
TL;DR: In chemotherapy-naïve men with mCRPC, tasquinimod significantly improved rPFS compared with placebo, however, no OS benefit was observed.
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Cancer-associated fibroblasts secrete FGF-1 to promote ovarian proliferation, migration, and invasion through the activation of FGF-1/FGFR4 signaling.
TL;DR: It is found that cancer-associated fibroblasts promoted SKOV3 cells’ proliferation, migration, and invasion and this fibroblast growth factor-1/fibroblast Growth factor receptor 4 axis may become a potential target for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Thrombospondin-2 promotes prostate cancer bone metastasis by the up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 through down-regulating miR-376c expression
Po-Chun Chen,Chih-Hsin Tang,Chih-Hsin Tang,Liang Wei Lin,Liang Wei Lin,Chun-Hao Tsai,Cheng Ying Chu,Tien Huang Lin,Yuan Li Huang +8 more
TL;DR: Results indicate that TSP-2 enhances the migration of PCa cells by increasing MMP-2 expression through down-regulation of miR-376c expression, and may represent a promising new target for treating PCa.
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