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The Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting
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TLDR
The connection between faults and the seismicity generated is governed by the rate and state dependent friction laws -producing distinctive seismic styles of faulting and a gamut of earthquake phenomena including aftershocks, afterslip, earthquake triggering, and slow slip events.Abstract:
This essential reference for graduate students and researchers provides a unified treatment of earthquakes and faulting as two aspects of brittle tectonics at different timescales. The intimate connection between the two is manifested in their scaling laws and populations, which evolve from fracture growth and interactions between fractures. The connection between faults and the seismicity generated is governed by the rate and state dependent friction laws - producing distinctive seismic styles of faulting and a gamut of earthquake phenomena including aftershocks, afterslip, earthquake triggering, and slow slip events. The third edition of this classic treatise presents a wealth of new topics and new observations. These include slow earthquake phenomena; friction of phyllosilicates, and at high sliding velocities; fault structures; relative roles of strong and seismogenic versus weak and creeping faults; dynamic triggering of earthquakes; oceanic earthquakes; megathrust earthquakes in subduction zones; deep earthquakes; and new observations of earthquake precursory phenomena.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Fault zone architecture and permeability structure
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed qualitative and quantitative schemes for evaluating fault-related permeability structures by using results of field investigations, laboratory permeability measurements, and numerical models offlow within and near fault zones.
Journal ArticleDOI
Earthquakes and friction laws
TL;DR: The traditional view of tectonics is that the lithosphere comprises a strong brittle layer overlying a weak ductile layer, which gives rise to two forms of deformation: brittle fracture, accompanied by earth-quakes, in the upper layer, and aseismic ductile flow in the layer beneath as mentioned in this paper.
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Laboratory-derived friction laws and their application to seismic faulting
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the relationship between friction and the properties of earthquake faults is presented, as well as an interpretation of the friction state variable, including its interpretation as a measure of average asperity contact time and porosity within granular fault gouge.
Journal ArticleDOI
Scaling of fracture systems in geological media
E. Bonnet,Olivier Bour,Noelle E. Odling,Philippe Davy,Ian Main,Patience A. Cowie,Brian Berkowitz +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide guidelines for the accurate and practical estimation of exponents and fractal dimensions of natural fracture systems, including length, displacement and aperture power law exponents.
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Progressive failure on the North Anatolian fault since 1939 by earthquake stress triggering
TL;DR: In this article, the authors use the mapped surface slip and fault geometry to infer the transfer of stress throughout the sequence of the North Anatolian fault. But they do not consider the effects of the sudden stress changes in the Coulomb failure stress.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Generation of Pseudotachylyte by Ancient Seismic Faulting
TL;DR: In this article, a study of pseudotachylyte-bearing "single-jerk" microfaults is presented, where the slip is related to the thickness of the pseudotachlyte layer.
Book ChapterDOI
Total energy and energy spectral density of elastic wave radiation from propagating faults
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that a shear fault is rigorously equivalent to a distribution of double-couple point sources over the fault plane, while a tensile fault is composed of force dipoles normal to the fault surface with a superimposed purely compressional component.
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Evidence for great holocene earthquakes along the outer coast of washington state.
TL;DR: Intertidal mud has buried extensive, well-vegetated lowlands in westernmost Washington at least six times in the past 7000 years, and anomalous sheets of sand atop at least three of the buried lowlands suggest that tsunamis resulted from the same events that caused the subsidence.
Journal ArticleDOI
Geodetic determination of relative plate motion in central California
James C. Savage,R. O. Burford +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the average relative right lateral motion is estimated to be 32 ± 5 mm/yr for the period 1907-1971 and it appears that most, if not all, of the plate motion is accommodated by fault creep.
Journal ArticleDOI
On mylonites in ductile shear zones
TL;DR: In this paper, the development of mylonite microstructures and fabrics are discussed from this point of view and seven possible softening processes are discussed: superplasticity, geometrical softening, continual recrystallization, reaction softening and chemical softening.