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The Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting
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TLDR
The connection between faults and the seismicity generated is governed by the rate and state dependent friction laws -producing distinctive seismic styles of faulting and a gamut of earthquake phenomena including aftershocks, afterslip, earthquake triggering, and slow slip events.Abstract:
This essential reference for graduate students and researchers provides a unified treatment of earthquakes and faulting as two aspects of brittle tectonics at different timescales. The intimate connection between the two is manifested in their scaling laws and populations, which evolve from fracture growth and interactions between fractures. The connection between faults and the seismicity generated is governed by the rate and state dependent friction laws - producing distinctive seismic styles of faulting and a gamut of earthquake phenomena including aftershocks, afterslip, earthquake triggering, and slow slip events. The third edition of this classic treatise presents a wealth of new topics and new observations. These include slow earthquake phenomena; friction of phyllosilicates, and at high sliding velocities; fault structures; relative roles of strong and seismogenic versus weak and creeping faults; dynamic triggering of earthquakes; oceanic earthquakes; megathrust earthquakes in subduction zones; deep earthquakes; and new observations of earthquake precursory phenomena.read more
Citations
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Fault zone architecture and permeability structure
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed qualitative and quantitative schemes for evaluating fault-related permeability structures by using results of field investigations, laboratory permeability measurements, and numerical models offlow within and near fault zones.
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Earthquakes and friction laws
TL;DR: The traditional view of tectonics is that the lithosphere comprises a strong brittle layer overlying a weak ductile layer, which gives rise to two forms of deformation: brittle fracture, accompanied by earth-quakes, in the upper layer, and aseismic ductile flow in the layer beneath as mentioned in this paper.
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Laboratory-derived friction laws and their application to seismic faulting
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the relationship between friction and the properties of earthquake faults is presented, as well as an interpretation of the friction state variable, including its interpretation as a measure of average asperity contact time and porosity within granular fault gouge.
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Scaling of fracture systems in geological media
E. Bonnet,Olivier Bour,Noelle E. Odling,Philippe Davy,Ian Main,Patience A. Cowie,Brian Berkowitz +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide guidelines for the accurate and practical estimation of exponents and fractal dimensions of natural fracture systems, including length, displacement and aperture power law exponents.
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Progressive failure on the North Anatolian fault since 1939 by earthquake stress triggering
TL;DR: In this article, the authors use the mapped surface slip and fault geometry to infer the transfer of stress throughout the sequence of the North Anatolian fault. But they do not consider the effects of the sudden stress changes in the Coulomb failure stress.
References
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Detection of a locked zone at depth on the Parkfield, California, segment of the San Andreas Fault
Ruth A. Harris,Paul Segall +1 more
TL;DR: The Parkfield segment of the San Andreas fault is transitional in character between the creeping segment and the locked Carrizo Plain segment to the southeast as mentioned in this paper, and the average rates of line length change and shallow fault slip were inverted to determine the slip rate at depth on the Parkfield fault segment.
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Aftershock patterns and main shock faulting
TL;DR: In this article, aftershocks following several moderate to large earthquakes were compared with the corresponding distributions of coseismic slip obtained from previous analyses of the recorded strong ground motion and teleseismic waveforms.
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Stress in the Indo-Australian plate
Sierd Cloetingh,Rinus Wortel +1 more
TL;DR: Cloetingh et al. as mentioned in this paper modelled the state of stress in the Indo-Australian plate in order to investigate quantitatively variations observed in tectonic style, incorporating the dependence of slab pull and ridge push on the age of the oceanic lithosphere.
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Analysis of faulting in porous sandstones
Atilla Aydin,Arvid M. Johnson +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the formation of deformation bands in porous sandstones has been studied using a constitutive model, and it is shown that the deformation band instability can develop, and strain increments within the zone of deformations can become boundlessly large when the far-field stresses reach critical values.
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A test of the law of effective stress for crystalline rocks of low porosity
W. F. Brace,R.J. Martin +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a variety of crystalline silicate rocks of low porosity (0·001-0·03) were fractured in triaxial experiments at strain rates from about 10−3 to 10−1 sec−1.