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The Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting
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TLDR
The connection between faults and the seismicity generated is governed by the rate and state dependent friction laws -producing distinctive seismic styles of faulting and a gamut of earthquake phenomena including aftershocks, afterslip, earthquake triggering, and slow slip events.Abstract:
This essential reference for graduate students and researchers provides a unified treatment of earthquakes and faulting as two aspects of brittle tectonics at different timescales. The intimate connection between the two is manifested in their scaling laws and populations, which evolve from fracture growth and interactions between fractures. The connection between faults and the seismicity generated is governed by the rate and state dependent friction laws - producing distinctive seismic styles of faulting and a gamut of earthquake phenomena including aftershocks, afterslip, earthquake triggering, and slow slip events. The third edition of this classic treatise presents a wealth of new topics and new observations. These include slow earthquake phenomena; friction of phyllosilicates, and at high sliding velocities; fault structures; relative roles of strong and seismogenic versus weak and creeping faults; dynamic triggering of earthquakes; oceanic earthquakes; megathrust earthquakes in subduction zones; deep earthquakes; and new observations of earthquake precursory phenomena.read more
Citations
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Fault zone architecture and permeability structure
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed qualitative and quantitative schemes for evaluating fault-related permeability structures by using results of field investigations, laboratory permeability measurements, and numerical models offlow within and near fault zones.
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Earthquakes and friction laws
TL;DR: The traditional view of tectonics is that the lithosphere comprises a strong brittle layer overlying a weak ductile layer, which gives rise to two forms of deformation: brittle fracture, accompanied by earth-quakes, in the upper layer, and aseismic ductile flow in the layer beneath as mentioned in this paper.
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Laboratory-derived friction laws and their application to seismic faulting
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the relationship between friction and the properties of earthquake faults is presented, as well as an interpretation of the friction state variable, including its interpretation as a measure of average asperity contact time and porosity within granular fault gouge.
Journal ArticleDOI
Scaling of fracture systems in geological media
E. Bonnet,Olivier Bour,Noelle E. Odling,Philippe Davy,Ian Main,Patience A. Cowie,Brian Berkowitz +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide guidelines for the accurate and practical estimation of exponents and fractal dimensions of natural fracture systems, including length, displacement and aperture power law exponents.
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Progressive failure on the North Anatolian fault since 1939 by earthquake stress triggering
TL;DR: In this article, the authors use the mapped surface slip and fault geometry to infer the transfer of stress throughout the sequence of the North Anatolian fault. But they do not consider the effects of the sudden stress changes in the Coulomb failure stress.
References
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Seismic moment, stress, and source dimensions for earthquakes in the California-Nevada region
Max Wyss,James N. Brune +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the source mechanism of earthquakes in the California-Nevada region using surface wave analyses, surface displacement observations in the source region, magnitude determinations, and accurate epicenter locations.
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The brittle-plastic transition and the depth of seismic faulting
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a model in which the transition between T1 and T3 does not correspond to a transition to bulk flow but to a change from unstable, velocity-weakening friction to stable, velocitystrengthening friction.
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Slip motion and stability of a single degree of freedom elastic system with rate and state dependent friction
TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider a single degree of freedom elastic system undergoing frictional slip, where the system is represented by a block (slider) slipping at speed V and connected by a spring of stiffness k to a point at which motion is enforced at speedV 0.
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An explanation of the different regimes of friction and wear using asperity deformation models
J.M. Challen,P.L.B. Oxley +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a slip line field analysis is given for the deformation of a soft asperity by a hard one and equations are derived for the corresponding coefficients of friction and wear rates.
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Cenozoic geology of the Yerington district, Nevada, and implications for the nature and origin of Basin and Range faulting
TL;DR: In the Yerington district, western Nevada, pre-Tertiary rocks are overlain by an Oligocene ignimbrite sequence and Miocene andesites as discussed by the authors.