Journal ArticleDOI
The spectrum of neuromyelitis optica
Dean M. Wingerchuk,Vanda A. Lennon,Claudia F. Lucchinetti,Sean J. Pittock,Brian G. Weinshenker +4 more
TLDR
Data suggest that autoantibodies to aquaporin 4 derived from peripheral B cells cause the activation of complement, inflammatory demyelination, and necrosis that is seen in neuromyelitis optica.Abstract:
Summary Neuromyelitis optica (also known as Devic's disease) is an idiopathic, severe, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that preferentially affects the optic nerve and spinal cord. Neuromyelitis optica has a worldwide distribution, poor prognosis, and has long been thought of as a variant of multiple sclerosis; however, clinical, laboratory, immunological, and pathological characteristics that distinguish it from multiple sclerosis are now recognised. The presence of a highly specific serum autoantibody marker (NMO-IgG) further differentiates neuromyelitis optica from multiple sclerosis and has helped to define a neuromyelitis optica spectrum of disorders. NMO-IgG reacts with the water channel aquaporin 4. Data suggest that autoantibodies to aquaporin 4 derived from peripheral B cells cause the activation of complement, inflammatory demyelination, and necrosis that is seen in neuromyelitis optica. The knowledge gained from further assessment of the exact role of NMO-IgG in the pathogenesis of neuromyelitis optica will provide a foundation for rational therapeutic trials for this rapidly disabling disease.read more
Citations
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Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2010 Revisions to the McDonald criteria
Chris H. Polman,Stephen C. Reingold,Brenda Banwell,Michel Clanet,Jeffrey A. Cohen,Massimo Filippi,Kazuo Fujihara,Eva Havrdova,Michael Hutchinson,Ludwig Kappos,Fred D. Lublin,Xavier Montalban,Paul L. O’Connor,Magnhild Sandberg-Wollheim,Alan J. Thompson,Emmanuelle Waubant,Brian G. Weinshenker,Jerry S. Wolinsky +17 more
TL;DR: These revisions simplify the McDonald Criteria, preserve their diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, address their applicability across populations, and may allow earlier diagnosis and more uniform and widespread use.
Journal ArticleDOI
International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
Dean M. Wingerchuk,Brenda Banwell,Jeffrey Bennett,Philippe Cabre,William M. Carroll,Tanuja Chitnis,Jérôme De Seze,Kazuo Fujihara,Benjamin Greenberg,Anu Jacob,Sven Jarius,Marco Aurélio Lana-Peixoto,Michael J. Levy,Jack H. Simon,Silvia Tenembaum,Anthony Traboulsee,Patrick Waters,Kay E. Wellik,Brian G. Weinshenker +18 more
TL;DR: The International Panel for NMO Diagnosis (IPND) was convened to develop revised diagnostic criteria using systematic literature reviews and electronic surveys to facilitate consensus and achieved consensus on pediatric NMOSD diagnosis and the concepts of monophasicNMOSD and opticospinal MS.
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Development, maintenance and disruption of the blood-brain barrier
TL;DR: This Review highlights recently gained mechanistic insights into the development and maintenance of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and discusses how BBB disruption can cause or contribute to neurological disease.
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N-methyl-d-aspartate antibody encephalitis: temporal progression of clinical and paraclinical observations in a predominantly non-paraneoplastic disorder of both sexes
Sarosh R. Irani,Katarzyna Bera,Patrick Waters,Luigi Zuliani,Susan Maxwell,Michael S. Zandi,Manuel A. Friese,Manuel A. Friese,Ian Galea,Dimitri M. Kullmann,David Beeson,Bethan Lang,Christian G. Bien,Angela Vincent +13 more
TL;DR: Overall, the data support a model in which the early features of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalopathy are associated with cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytosis, and the later features with appearance of oligoclonal bands, which is associated with restriction to the first stage.
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Innate immunity in the central nervous system
TL;DR: The cellular and molecular basis of innate immunity in the CNS is reviewed and what is known about how outcomes of these interactions can lead to resolution of infection, neurodegeneration, or neural repair depending on the context is discussed.
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