Open AccessJournal Article
The TDT and other family-based tests for linkage disequilibrium and association.
TLDR
The properties of the TDT are compared with those of family-based tests of association, and issues regarding the use of these tests are commented on.Abstract:
The transmission/disequilibrium test (TDT) was introduced several years ago by Spielman et al. as a test for linkage between a complex disease and a genetic marker. The original intended use of the TDT was to test for linkage with a marker located near a candidate gene, in cases where disease association already had been found. However, even if prior evidence for association is absent, the TDT is valid and can be used to test any marker (or a set of markers) for which data are available from parents and one or more affected offspring. Other tests that focus on association itself - but that, like the TDT, are applied to data from nuclear families - also have been proposed. In addition, several papers have appeared recently that discuss extensions and properties of these tests and of the TDT. Since the aim of both the TDT and the association tests is to locate genes that contribute to disease susceptibility, a number of questions about their differences have arisen. In this review, we compare the properties of the TDT with those of family-based tests of association, and we comment on issues regarding the use of these tests. 22 refs., 2 tabs.read more
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References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Genetic dissection of complex traits: guidelines for interpreting and reporting linkage results
Eric S. Lander,Leonid Kruglyak +1 more
TL;DR: Specific standards designed to maintain rigor while also promoting communication are proposed for the interpretation of linkage results in genetic studies under way for many complex traits.
Journal Article
Transmission test for linkage disequilibrium: the insulin gene region and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).
TL;DR: The statistical basis for this "transmission test for linkage disequilibrium" (transmission/disequilibrium test] is described and the relationship of this test to tests of cosegregation that are based on the proportion of haplotypes or genes identical by descent in affected sibs is shown.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genetic dissection of complex traits
TL;DR: This article synthesizes the current state of the genetic dissection of complex traits--describing the methods, limitations, and recent applications to biological problems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Haplotype relative risks: an easy reliable way to construct a proper control sample for risk calculations
C. T. Falk,P. Rubinstein +1 more
TL;DR: The formulation of a haplotype relative risk (HRR) thus eliminates the problems of sampling from the same homogeneous population to form both the disease sample and an appropriate control in calculating the risk of disease in the presence of particular antigens or phenotypes.
Journal ArticleDOI
An extended transmission/disequilibrium test (TDT) for multi-allele marker loci
Pak C. Sham,David Curtis +1 more
TL;DR: The approximate power of the test appears that the test will often have good power when linkage disequilibrium is strong and if the disease is recessive, and the extended TDT to multi‐allele marker loci is evaluated.