The unexplained increase of nontuberculous mycobacteriosis.
TLDR
It is likely that mycobacteriosis incidence will keep escalating and new measures should be taken to deal with these diseases, including their reportability and the implementation of strain genotyping that would shed light on the NTM dissemination routes from the environment or human hosts.Abstract:
Epidemiological data show a worldwide increase in nontuberculous mycobacteriosis. Although it has been partially attributed to the improvement of microbiological methodologies that has allowed a better recovery and identification of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), it is generally accepted that there is a genuine incidence augmentation. The reasons of the increase are likely multifactorial, depending on the nature of the pathogen, the host, and their interaction. Mycobacteria from the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex has been regarded as pathogenic and NTM as opportunistic and nontransmissible. Nevertheless, few differences have been found in either their phenotypic or genotypic characteristics. The phenomenon of M. tuberculosis adaptation to the human host may be taking place again in NTM as a consequence of human environmental alterations that facilitate the interaction with the pathogen. The current worsening of the immunological status of increasing numbers of individuals, a result of factors such as malnutrition (obesity and diabetes), population aging or the widespread use of immunosuppressive medication, may be allowing the rapid evolution and person-to-person transmission of NTM. It is likely that mycobacteriosis incidence will keep escalating. New measures should be taken to deal with these diseases, including their reportability and the implementation of strain genotyping that would shed light on the NTM dissemination routes from the environment or human hosts.read more
Citations
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Emergence and spread of a human-transmissible multidrug-resistant nontuberculous mycobacterium
Josephine M. Bryant,Dorothy M Grogono,Daniela Rodriguez-Rincon,Isobel Everall,Karen Brown,Pablo Moreno,Deepshikha Verma,E. Hill,J. Drijkoningen,Peter H. Gilligan,Charles R. Esther,Peadar G. Noone,Olivia Giddings,Scott C. Bell,Rachel Thomson,Claire E. Wainwright,Chris Coulter,Sushil Pandey,Michelle Wood,Rebecca E Stockwell,Kay A. Ramsay,Laura J. Sherrard,Timothy J. Kidd,Nassib Jabbour,Graham R. Johnson,Luke D. Knibbs,Lidia Morawska,Peter D. Sly,Alison Jones,Diana Bilton,Ian F. Laurenson,Michael Ruddy,Stephen Bourke,Ian C. J. W. Bowler,Stephen J Chapman,Andrew Clayton,M. Cullen,Owen J. Dempsey,Miles Denton,M. Desai,R. J. Drew,F. Edenborough,Jason T. Evans,Jonathan Folb,T. Daniels,H. Humphrey,B. Isalska,Søren Jensen-Fangel,Bodil Jönsson,Andrew Jones,Terese L. Katzenstein,Troels Lillebaek,Gordon MacGregor,S. Mayell,Michael Millar,Deborah E. Modha,Edward F. Nash,C. O'Brien,D. OBrien,Chandra Ohri,Caroline S. Pao,Daniel Peckham,Felicity Perrin,Audrey Perry,Tacjana Pressler,L. Prtak,Tavs Qvist,A. Robb,Helen Rodgers,K. Schaffer,Nadia Shafi,J. van Ingen,M. Walshaw,D. Watson,Noreen West,Joanna L. Whitehouse,Charles S. Haworth,Simon R. Harris,Diane J. Ordway,Julian Parkhill,R.A. Floto +80 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used whole-genome analysis of a global collection of clinical isolates to show that the majority of M. abscessus infections are acquired through transmission, potentially via fomites and aerosols, of recently emerged dominant circulating clones.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
The Epidemiology of Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease in Japan
Ho Namkoong,Atsuyuki Kurashima,Kozo Morimoto,Yoshihiko Hoshino,Ato Manabu,Satoshi Mitarai,Naoki Hasegawa +6 more
TL;DR: The first nationwide epidemiological surveillance using the 2007 ATS/IDSA guideline is conducted in Japan, where the incidence of PNTM disease is estimated to be 14.7 cases per 100,000 person-years, which exceeds that of PTB disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epidemiology, diagnosis & treatment of non-tuberculous mycobacterial diseases.
TL;DR: Treatment response in NTM-PD is variable and depends on isolated NTM species and severity of the underlying PD, so future research should focus on the development and validation of non-culture-based rapid diagnostic tests for early diagnosis and discovery of newer drugs with greater efficacy and lesser toxicity than the available ones.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections: current state and future management.
TL;DR: The rise of neglected PNTM infections requires the expansion of the current efforts on the development of diagnostics, therapies and vaccines for mycobacterial diseases, which at present, are mainly focused on TB.
Journal ArticleDOI
In Vitro Susceptibility Testing of Omadacycline against Nontuberculous Mycobacteria.
TL;DR: This study supports further research of omadacycline, including clinical trials, for the treatment of RGM infections, especially M. abscessus.
References
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Journal Article
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