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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

The Web of Human Sexual Contacts

TLDR
In this article, the authors analyze data on the sexual behavior of a random sample of individuals, and find that the cumulative distributions of the number of sexual partners during the twelve months prior to the survey decays as a power law with similar exponents for females and males.
Abstract
Many ``real-world'' networks are clearly defined while most ``social'' networks are to some extent subjective. Indeed, the accuracy of empirically-determined social networks is a question of some concern because individuals may have distinct perceptions of what constitutes a social link. One unambiguous type of connection is sexual contact. Here we analyze data on the sexual behavior of a random sample of individuals, and find that the cumulative distributions of the number of sexual partners during the twelve months prior to the survey decays as a power law with similar exponents $\alpha \approx 2.4$ for females and males. The scale-free nature of the web of human sexual contacts suggests that strategic interventions aimed at preventing the spread of sexually-transmitted diseases may be the most efficient approach.

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Journal ArticleDOI

The Structure and Function of Complex Networks

Mark Newman
- 01 Jan 2003 - 
TL;DR: Developments in this field are reviewed, including such concepts as the small-world effect, degree distributions, clustering, network correlations, random graph models, models of network growth and preferential attachment, and dynamical processes taking place on networks.
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Complex networks: Structure and dynamics

TL;DR: The major concepts and results recently achieved in the study of the structure and dynamics of complex networks are reviewed, and the relevant applications of these ideas in many different disciplines are summarized, ranging from nonlinear science to biology, from statistical mechanics to medicine and engineering.
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Statistical physics of social dynamics

TL;DR: In this article, a wide list of topics ranging from opinion and cultural and language dynamics to crowd behavior, hierarchy formation, human dynamics, and social spreading are reviewed and connections between these problems and other, more traditional, topics of statistical physics are highlighted.
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Evolution of networks

TL;DR: The recent rapid progress in the statistical physics of evolving networks is reviewed, and how growing networks self-organize into scale-free structures is discussed, and the role of the mechanism of preferential linking is investigated.
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Epidemic processes in complex networks

TL;DR: A coherent and comprehensive review of the vast research activity concerning epidemic processes is presented, detailing the successful theoretical approaches as well as making their limits and assumptions clear.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

The impact of awareness on epidemic spreading in networks

TL;DR: It is shown that the global awareness cannot decrease the likelihood of an epidemic outbreak while both the local awareness and the contact awareness can, and the influence degree of the localawareness on disease dynamics is closely related with the contactawareness.
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Individualization as driving force of clustering phenomena in humans.

TL;DR: A new model can explain cultural clustering in human societies by combining the integrative tendencies of social influence with the disintegrative effects of individualization, and is robust to “noise”—randomness is actually the central mechanism that sustains pluralism and clustering.
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The global transmission network of HIV-1.

TL;DR: The extent of international linkage revealed by this comprehensive approach demonstrates the need to consider the global diversity of HIV, even when describing local epidemics, and the speed of this method allows for near-real-time surveillance of the pandemic's progression.
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Thinking through networks: a review of formal network methods in archaeology

TL;DR: A review of the potential of formal network methods for archaeology by tracing the origins of the academic traditions, network models, and techniques that have been most influential to archaeologists can be found in this paper.
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