Thermodynamics and Mechanics of Membrane Curvature Generation and Sensing by Proteins and Lipids
TLDR
The present review first provides an overview of important classes of membrane proteins for which function is coupled to membrane curvature, and surveys several mechanisms that are assumed to underlie membranes curvature sensing and generation.Abstract:
Research investigating lipid membrane curvature generation and sensing is a rapidly developing frontier in membrane physical chemistry and biophysics. The fast recent progress is based on the discovery of a plethora of proteins involved in coupling membrane shape to cellular membrane function, the design of new quantitative experimental techniques to study aspects of membrane curvature, and the development of analytical theories and simulation techniques that allow a mechanistic interpretation of quantitative measurements. The present review first provides an overview of important classes of membrane proteins for which function is coupled to membrane curvature. We then survey several mechanisms that are assumed to underlie membrane curvature sensing and generation. Finally, we discuss relatively simple thermodynamic/mechanical models that allow quantitative interpretation of experimental observations.read more
Citations
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Dynamin, a membrane-remodelling GTPase
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The Fluid—Mosaic Model of Membrane Structure: Still relevant to understanding the structure, function and dynamics of biological membranes after more than 40 years
TL;DR: In updated versions of the model more emphasis has been placed on the mosaic nature of the macrostructure of cellular membranes where many protein and lipid components are limited in their rotational and lateral motilities in the membrane plane, especially in their natural states.
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Membrane bending by protein-protein crowding
Jeanne C. Stachowiak,Jeanne C. Stachowiak,Eva M. Schmid,Christopher J. Ryan,Hyoung Sook Ann,Darryl Y. Sasaki,Michael B. Sherman,Phillip L. Geissler,Phillip L. Geissler,Daniel A. Fletcher,Daniel A. Fletcher,Carl C. Hayden +11 more
TL;DR: A third general mechanism for bending fluid cellular membranes: protein–protein crowding is proposed, and it is found that even proteins unrelated to membrane curvature, such as green fluorescent protein (GFP), can bend membranes when sufficiently concentrated.
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Computational Modeling of Realistic Cell Membranes
Siewert J. Marrink,Valentina Corradi,Paulo C. T. Souza,Helgi I. Ingólfsson,D. Peter Tieleman,Mark S.P. Sansom +5 more
TL;DR: The state of the art in the field of realistic membrane simulations is reviewed and the current limitations and challenges ahead are discussed.
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Recent developments in the field of bending rigidity measurements on membranes.
TL;DR: The effect on the bending rigidity of membranes as a function of membrane composition, presence of various inclusions in the bilayer and molecules and ions in the bathing solutions is summarized.
References
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TL;DR: A theory of the elasticity of lipid bilayers is proposed and it is argued that in the case of vesicles (= closed bilayer films) the only elasticity controlling nonspherical shapes is that of curvature.
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BAR domains as sensors of membrane curvature: the amphiphysin BAR structure
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TL;DR: The structure of the Drosophila amphiphysin BAR domain is solved and it is predicted that BAR domains are in many protein families, including sorting nexins, centaurins, and oligophrenins.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the systematic physical theory developed to understand the static and dynamic aspects of membrane and vesicle configurations, and the preferred shapes arise from a competition between curvature energy which derives from the bending elasticity of the membrane, geometrical constraints such as fixed surface area and fixed enclosed volume, and a signature of the bilayer aspect.