Journal ArticleDOI
Tillage and inorganic nitrogen source effects on nitrous oxide emissions from irrigated cropping systems.
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TLDR
In this paper, the authors compare N 2 O emissions resulting from application of commercially available enhanced-efftciency N fertilizers with emissions from conventional dry granular urea in irrigated cropping systems.Abstract:
Nitrogen fertilization is essential for optimizing crop yields; however, it increases N 2 O emissions. The study objective was to compare N 2 O emissions resulting from application of commercially available enhanced-efftciency N fertilizers with emissions from conventional dry granular urea in irrigated cropping systems. Nitrous oxide emissions were monitored from corn (Zea mays L.) based rotations receiving fertilizer rates of 246 kg N ha -1 when in corn, 56 kg N ha -1 when in dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and 157 kg N ha -1 when in barley (Hordeum vulgare L. ssp. vulgare). Cropping systems included conventional-till continuous corn (CT-CC), no-till continuous corn (NT-CC), no-till corn-dry bean (NT-CDb), and no-till corn-barley (NT-CB). In the NT-CC and CT-CC systems, a controlled-release, polymer-coated urea (ESN) and dry granular urea were compared. In the NT-CDb and NT-CB rotations, a stabilized urea source (SuperU) was compared with urea. Nitrous oxide fluxes were measured during two growing seasons using static, vented chambers and a gas chromatograph analyzer. Cumulative growing season N 2 O emissions from urea and ESN application were not different under CT-CC, but ESN reduced N 2 O emissions 49% compared with urea under NT-CC. Compared with urea, SuperU reduced N 2 O emissions by 27% in dry bean and 54% in corn in the NT-CDb rotation and by 19% in barley and 51% in corn in the NT-CB rotation. This work shows that the use of no-till and enhanced-efficiency N fertilizers can potentially reduce N 2 O emissions from irrigated systems.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Climate, duration, and N placement determine N2O emissions in reduced tillage systems: a meta‐analysis
Chris van Kessel,Rodney T. Venterea,Johan Six,M. A. A. Adviento-Borbe,Bruce A. Linquist,Kees Jan van Groenigen +5 more
TL;DR: Quantitatively synthesize studies on the short- and long-term impact of NT/RT on N2 O emissions in humid and dry climatic zones with emissions expressed on both an area- and crop yield-scaled basis and recommends deep placement of fertilizer-N is recommended when implementing NT/ RT.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fertilizer Source and Tillage Effects on Yield-Scaled Nitrous Oxide Emissions in a Corn Cropping System
TL;DR: Examination of the effects of long-term tillage treatments and N fertilizer source on area- and yield-scaled N₂O emissions, soil N intensity, and nitrogen use efficiency for rainfed corn in Minnesota over three growing seasons found that in this cropping system and climate regime, production of an equivalent amount of grain using NT would generate substantially more N⁂O compared with CT.
Journal ArticleDOI
EUE (energy use efficiency) of cropping systems for a sustainable agriculture
TL;DR: In this article, the energy flows of a wheat-maize-soybean-grain rotation of three different cropping systems: (i) low-input integrated farming (LI), (ii) integrated farming following European Regulations (IFS), and (iii) conventional farming (CONV).
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate-smart agriculture global research agenda: scientific basis for action
Kerri L. Steenwerth,Amanda K. Hodson,Arnold J. Bloom,Michael R. Carter,Andrea Cattaneo,C. J. Chartres,Jerry L. Hatfield,Kevin Henry,Jan W. Hopmans,William R. Horwath,Bryan M. Jenkins,Ermias Kebreab,Rik Leemans,Leslie Lipper,Mark Lubell,Siwa Msangi,Ravi Prabhu,Matthew P. Reynolds,Samuel Sandoval Solis,William M. Sischo,Michael R. Springborn,Pablo Tittonell,Stephen M. Wheeler,Sonja J. Vermeulen,Eva K. Wollenberg,Lovell S. Jarvis,Louise E. Jackson +26 more
TL;DR: The Global Science Conference on Climate-Smart Agriculture (GSCA) as discussed by the authors focused on contributing to economic development, poverty reduction and food security; maintaining and enhancing the productivity and resilience of natural and agricultural ecosystem functions, thus building natural capital; and reducing trade-offs involved in meeting these goals.
Journal ArticleDOI
Co-generated fast pyrolysis biochar mitigates green-house gas emissions and increases carbon sequestration in temperate soils
TL;DR: In this article, the authors characterized a BC produced by fast pyrolysis for bio-oil generation and examined GHG efflux, C partitioning using d 13 C, and soil C sequestration across four temperate soils and five BC rates; 0, 1, 5, 10, and 20% w/w.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Review of mechanisms and quantification of priming effects.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reveal possible causes and processes leading to priming actions using the references on agricultural ecosystems and model experiments, and summarize in Tables for positive and negative real and apparent priming effects induced after the addition of different organic and mineral substances to the soil.
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Effect of Water-Filled Pore Space on Carbon Dioxide and Nitrous Oxide Production in Tilled and Nontilled Soils
D. M. Linn,J. W. Doran +1 more
TL;DR: The percentage of soil pore space filled with water (percent water-filled pores, % WFP) appears to be closely related to soil microbial activity under different tillage regimes as discussed by the authors.
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Improved Soil Cover Method for Field Measurement of Nitrous Oxide Fluxes
G. L. Hutchinson,Arvin R. Mosier +1 more
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Review of greenhouse gas emissions from crop production systems and fertilizer management effects
TL;DR: A review of the available science on the effects of N source, rate, timing, and placement, in combination with other cropping and tillage practices, on GHG emissions was conducted as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Emissions of N2O and NO from fertilized fields: Summary of available measurement data
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of various factors regulating emissions from mineral soils was assessed using 846 N2O emission measurements in agricultural fields and 99 measurements for NO emissions, and the available data can be used to develop simple models based on the major regulating factors which describe the spatial variability of emissions of N 2O and NO with less uncertainty than emission factor approaches based on country N inputs.