Showing papers on "Rapeseed published in 2006"

Analysis of Genetic Diversity in the Brassica napus L. Gene Pool Using SSR Markers

Abstract: Genetic diversity throughout the rapeseed (Brassica napus ssp. napus) primary gene pool was examined by obtaining detailed molecular genetic information at simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci for a broad range of winter and spring oilseed, fodder and leaf rape gene bank accessions. The plant material investigated was selected from a preliminary B. napus core collection developed from European gene bank material, and was intended to cover as broadly as possible the diversity present in the species, excluding swedes (B. napus ssp. napobrassica (L.) Hanelt). A set of 96 genotypes was characterised using publicly available mapped SSR markers spread over the B. napus genome. Allelic information from 30 SSR primer combinations amplifying 220 alleles at 51 polymorphic loci provided unique genetic fingerprints for all genotypes. UPGMA clustering enabled identification of four general groups with increasing genetic diversity as follows (1) spring oilseed and fodder; (2) winter oilseed; (3) winter fodder; (4) vegetable genotypes. The most extreme allelic variation was observed in a spring kale from the United Kingdom and a Japanese spring vegetable genotype, and two winter rape accessions from Korea and Japan, respectively. Unexpectedly the next most distinct genotypes were two old winter oilseed varieties from Germany and Ukraine, respectively. A number of other accessions were also found to be genetically distinct from the other material of the same type. The molecular genetic information gained enables the identification of untapped genetic variability for rapeseed breeding and is potentially interesting with respect to increasing heterosis in oilseed rape hybrids.

Quantitative trait analysis of seed yield and other complex traits in hybrid spring rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.): 1. Identification of genomic regions from winter germplasm

Abstract: The introgression of winter germplasm into spring canola (Brassica napus L.) represents a novel approach to improve seed yield of hybrid spring canola. In this study, quantitative trait loci (QTL) for seed yield and other traits were genetically mapped to determine the effects of genomic regions introgressed from winter germplasm into spring canola. Plant materials used comprised of two populations of doubled haploid (DH) lines having winter germplasm introgression from two related French winter cultivars and their testcrosses with a spring line used in commercial hybrids. These populations were evaluated for 2 years at two locations (Wisconsin, USA and Saskatchewan, Canada). Genetic linkage maps based on RFLP loci were constructed for each DH population. Six QTL were detected in the testcross populations for which the winter alleles increased seed yield. One of these QTL explained 11 and 19% of the phenotypic variation in the two Canadian environments. The winter allele for another QTL that increased seed yield was linked in coupling to a QTL allele for high glucosinolate content, suggesting that the transition of rapeseed into canola could have resulted in the loss of favorable seed yield alleles. Most QTL for which the introgressed allele decreased seed yield of hybrids mapped to genomic regions having homoeologous non-reciprocal transpositions. This suggests that allelic configurations created by these rearrangements might make an important contribution to genetic variation for complex traits in oilseed B. napus and could account for a portion of the heterotic effects in hybrids.

Protein and lipid composition analysis of oil bodies from two Brassica napus cultivars

Abstract: Oil bodies were purified from mature seed of two Brassica napus crop cultivars, Reston and Westar. Purified oil body proteins were subjected to both 2-DE followed by LC-MS/MS and multidimensional protein identification technology. Besides previously known oil body proteins oleosin, putative embryo specific protein ATS1, (similar to caleosin), and 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-like protein (steroleosin), several new proteins were identified in this study. One of the identified proteins, a short chain dehydrogenase/reductase, is similar to a triacylglycerol-associated factor from narrow-leafed lupin while the other, a protein annotated as a myrosinase associated protein, shows high similarity to the lipase/hydrolase family of enzymes with GDSL-motifs. These similarities suggest these two proteins could be involved in oil body degradation. Detailed analysis of the two other oil body components, polar lipids (lipid monolayer) and neutral lipids (triacylglycerol matrix) was also performed. Major differences were observed in the fatty acid composition of polar lipid fractions between the two B. napus cultivars. Neutral lipid composition confirmed erucic acid and oleic acid accumulation in Reston and Westar seed oil, respectively.

Introgression of genomic components from Chinese Brassica rapa contributes to widening the genetic diversity in rapeseed (B. napus L.), with emphasis on the evolution of Chinese rapeseed

Abstract: In spite of its short history of being an oil crop in China, the Chinese semi-winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L., 2n = 38, AACC) has been improved rapidly by intentional introgression of genomic components from Chinese B. rapa (2n = 20, AA). As a result, the Chinese semi-winter rapeseed has diversified genetically from the spring and winter rapeseed grown in the other regions such as Europe and North America. The objectives of this study were to investigate the roles of the introgression of the genomic components from the Chinese B. rapa in widening the genetic diversity of rapeseed and to verify the role of this introgression in the evolution of the Chinese rapeseed. Ten lines of the new type of rapeseed, which were produced by introgression of Chinese B. rapa to Chinese normal rapeseed, were compared for genetic diversity using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) with three groups of 35 lines of the normal rapeseed, including 9 semi-winter rapeseed lines from China, 9 winter rapeseed lines from Europe and 17 spring rapeseed lines from Northern Europe, Canada and Australia. Analysis of 799 polymorphic fragments revealed that within the groups, the new type rapeseed had the highest genetic diversity, followed by the semi-winter normal rapeseed from China. Spring and winter rapeseed had the lowest genetic diversity. Among the groups, the new type rapeseed group had the largest average genetic distance to the other three groups. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis, however, could not separate the new type rapeseed group from Chinese normal rapeseed group. Our data suggested that the introgression of Chinese B. rapa could significantly diversify the genetic basis of the rapeseed and play an important role in the evolution of Chinese rapeseed. The use of new genetic variation for the exploitation of heterosis in Brassica hybrid breeding is discussed.

Functional and bioactive properties of rapeseed protein concentrates and sensory analysis of food application with rapeseed protein concentrates.

Abstract: In order to investigate the use of rapeseed ( Brassica napus ) protein from oil industry waste for food applications, two rapeseed cultivars (Express, Lion) were pretreated to remove the hulls and oil. Rapeseed protein concentrates were then prepared by washing with 450 ml/l isopropanol. A portion of each protein concentrate was steamed before undergoing isopropanol treatment to deactivate myrosinase. Deactivation of myrosinase prevents glucosinolate decomposition and improves the extractability of sinapin acids. Lion rapeseed protein concentrates showed higher water and oil binding capacities than Express protein concentrates. The steaming process reduced the oil binding capacity, emulsification capacity and protein solubility. When steamed rapeseed protein concentrate was added to sausage preparations in place of casein, sensory analysis showed that the rapeseed protein sausage had improved taste, good texture and a characteristic aroma. Hydrolysed de-oiled rapeseed and protein concentrates were prepared using gastrointestinal enzymes. The cholate binding capacity, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition and DPPH radical scavenging activity were then investigated. Pepsin-hydrolysed protein concentrates showed the strongest ACE inhibition. Hydrolysed protein concentrates showed 2.3–3.0 times higher DPPH radical scavenging activity than non-hydrolysed samples. The cholate binding capacity was not affected by the hydrolysis. The steaming process did not significantly alter the bioactivities.

Colocalization of a partially dominant gene for yellow seed colour with a major QTL influencing acid detergent fibre (ADF) content in different crosses of oilseed rape (Brassica napus)

Abstract: Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) contributing to yellow seed colour and acid detergent fibre (ADF) were localized and compared in 3 mapping populations developed from 2 crosses (designated 'YE1' and 'YE2') between 2 distinct sources of true-breeding yellow-seeded oilseed rape (Brassica napus) and 2 different black-seeded genotypes. A clear correlation was observed between seed colour and ADF content in both crosses. In all 3 populations, a major QTL, with a large effect on both seed colour and ADF in multiple environments, was detected at the same position on chromosome N18. In YE1, a second minor QTL, with a small effect on seed colour but not on ADF content, was localized on chromosome N1. In YE2, no QTL was observed on N1; however, 2 minor seed-colour loci were localized to N15 and N5. A second major QTL for ADF was localized in YE1 on N13; in YE2, no other QTLs for ADF were detected. Combined QTL and segregation data for seed colour and ADF content in the different populations suggest that a partially dominant B. napus gene for seed colour on N18 contributes to a reduction in fibre content in different yellow-seeded B. napus genotypes. The other QTLs that were identified appear to represent different genes in the 2 yellow-seeded rapeseed sources, which, in each case, affect only fibre content or seed colour, respectively. Potential candidate genes and implications for marker-assisted breeding of oilseed rape with reduced seed dietary fibre content are discussed.

Fitness of hybrids between rapeseed (Brassica napus) and wild Brassica rapa in natural habitats

Abstract: Fitness of hybrids between genetically modified (GM) crops and wild relatives influences the likelihood of ecological harm. We measured fitness components in spontaneous (non-GM) rapeseed x Brassica rapa hybrids in natural populations. The F-1 hybrids yielded 46.9% seed output of B. rapa, were 16.9% as effective as males on B. rapa and exhibited increased self-pollination. Assuming 100% GM rapeseed cultivation, we conservatively predict < 7000 second-generation transgenic hybrids annually in the United Kingdom (i.e. similar to 20% of F-1 hybrids). Conversely, whilst reduced hybrid fitness improves feasibility of bio-containment, stage projection matrices suggests broad scope for some transgenes to offset this effect by enhancing fitness.

Identification of differentially expressed genes in seeds of two near-isogenic Brassica napus lines with different oil content

Abstract: The regulation of seed oil synthesis in rapeseed is largely unknown. In this study, we compared the gene expression during seed development between two lines of Brassica napus with a 10% difference in oil content. We isolated the immature seeds 15 and 25 days after flowering at periods preceding and including the major accumulation of storage oils and proteins. The differentially expressed gene clones between the two rape lines were isolated by subtractive suppression hybridization (SSH). All SSH clones were arrayed and screened by dot blot hybridization, followed by RT-PCR analysis for selected clones. A total of 217 cDNA clones corresponding to 30 genes were found to have a high expression in seeds with high oil content. Six genes were highly expressed in seeds with low oil content. Northern blot and enzyme activity analysis demonstrated a change in expression pattern of several genes. The results provide information on gene-encoding factors responsible for the regulation of oil synthesis. The possible role of these genes in seeds is discussed. The genes in this study may be suitable as novel targets for genetic improvement of seed oil content and may also provide molecular markers for studies of rape breeding.

Mitigation using a tandem construct containing a selectively unfit gene precludes establishment of Brassica napus transgenes in hybrids and backcrosses with weedy Brassica rapa.

Abstract: Transgenic oilseed rape (Brassica napus) plants can interbreed with nearby weedy Brassica rapa, potentially enhancing the weediness and/or invasiveness of subsequent hybrid offspring. We have previously demonstrated that transgenic mitigation effectively reduces the fitness of the transgenic dwarf and herbicide-resistant B. napus volunteers. We now report the efficacy of such a tandem construct, including a primary herbicide-resistant gene and a dwarfing mitigator gene, to preclude the risks of gene establishment in the related weed B. rapa and its backcross progeny. The transgenically mitigated and non-transgenic B. rapa x B. napus interspecific hybrids and the backcrosses (BC(1)) with B. rapa were grown alone and in competition with B. rapa weed. The reproductive fitness of hybrid offspring progressively decreased with increased B. rapa genes in the offspring, illustrating the efficacy of the concept. The fitness of F(2) interspecific non-transgenic hybrids was between 50% and 80% of the competing weedy B. rapa, whereas the fitness of the comparable T(2) interspecific transgenic hybrids was never more than 2%. The reproductive fitness of the transgenic T(2) BC(1) mixed with B. rapa was further severely suppressed to 0.9% of that of the competing weed due to dwarfism. Clearly, the mitigation technology works efficiently in a rapeseed crop-weed system under biocontainment-controlled environments, but field studies should further validate its utility for minimizing the risks of gene flow.

New mutants of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) with changed fatty acid composition

Abstract: Seeds of the winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) line PN 3756/93 were treated with ethyl methanesulphonate to induce mutations in the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway. The seed mutagenic treatment was repeated in the M2 generation. After treatments, individual seed and plant selections were made for changes in fatty acid composition during several generations of inbreeding. Self-pollinated plants with changed fatty acid compositions were inbred to obtain genetically homozygous and stable mutant lines. Two mutants, M-10453 and M-10464, with increased levels of oleic acid (approximately 76%) and reduced linoleic and linolenic acid contents (8.5% and 7.5%, respectively) were selected. Gene or genes controlling desaturation of oleic acid were probably mutated in these plants. The third mutant, M-681 had a very low linolenic acid content (approximately 2.6%) and increased linoleic acid content (approximately 26%). This would suggest the occurrence of mutations in genes controlling linoleic acid desaturation. The results of selection work during several generations showed that the environment had substantial influence on the composition of seed oil. This made the search for mutants with modify fatty acid compositions difficult. The induced mutants are not directly usable as new varieties, but can be used as parents in crosses for the development of high quality rapeseed varieties.

Spontaneous gene flow from rapeseed (Brassica napus) to wild Brassica oleracea

Abstract: Research on the environmental risks of gene flow from genetically modified (GM) crops to wild relatives has traditionally emphasized recipients yielding most hybrids. For GM rapeseed (Brassica napus), interest has centred on the 'frequently hybridizing' Brassica rapa over relatives such as Brassica oleracea, where spontaneous hybrids are unreported in the wild. In two sites, where rapeseed and wild B. oleracea grow together, we used flow cytometry and crop-specific microsatellite markers to identify one triploid F1 hybrid, together with nine diploid and two near triploid introgressants. Given the newly discovered capacity for spontaneous introgression into B. oleracea, we then surveyed associated flora and fauna to evaluate the capacity of both recipients to harm cohabitant species with acknowledged conservational importance. Only B. oleracea occupies rich communities containing species afforded legislative protection; these include one rare micromoth species that feeds on B. oleracea and warrants further assessment. We conclude that increased attention should now focus on B. oleracea and similar species that yield few crop-hybrids, but possess scope to affect rare or endangered associates.

Genotype × Environment Interactions, Heritability, and Trait Correlations of Sinapate Ester Content in Winter Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

Abstract: Improving the meal and protein quality for feed and food purposes is of increasing importance in canola (Brassica napus L.). The phenolic add ester content contributes to the bitter taste, astringency, and dark color of rapeseed meal products. The predominant phenolic acid esters are sinapate esters (SE), which make up 1 to 2% of the seed dry matter. The objective of the present study was to analyze the genetic variation and the genotype x environment interactions for SE content and composition in three populations of doubled haploid lines. The populations were grown in three to four environments in Germany. The following SE were analyzed by HPLC: sinapoylcholine (sinapine), sinapoylglucose, and a minor group of other SE which includes sinapate. The three populations showed a highly significant variation for the total SE content, and sinapine was the predominant sinapate ester compound. The analysis of variance showed highly significant effects for the genotype (G), the environment (E) and the G × E interactions for all three populations. In two of the populations the G x E interaction variance components were less than half of the genetic variance, in one population it was slightly higher. The estimates for heritability of the individual and total SE were generally high and ranged from 0.57 to 0.93. A reduction of sinapate ester content was not associated with a change in oil, protein, and glucosinolate content.

Effect of certainBrassica plants on biology of the cabbage aphidBrevicoryne brassicae under laboratory conditions

Abstract: The development time, mortality, survivorship and reproduction of the cabbage aphidBrevicoryne brassicae (L.) were evaluated on detached leaves of sixBrassica species (cabbage cv. ‘Yalova 1’, cauliflower cv. ‘Early Snowball’, broccoli cv. ‘Marathon’, turnip cv. ‘Antep’, rapeseed cv. local variety, and wild mustard) at a constant temperature of 20°C. Total development time ofB. brassicae was the shortest (8.9 days) on cauliflower and the longest (10.4 days) on cabbage. Mortality of immature stages varied from 16% on cabbage to 88% on turnip. Longevity of the cabbage aphid was the shortest (6.2 days) on mustard, and the longest (21.8 days) on cauliflower. The net reproductive rate was highest (35.98) on cauliflower, and lowest (1.89) on turnip. The intrinsic rate of increase was 0.2345 on cauliflower, followed by 0.2009 on cabbage, 0.1976 on broccoli, 0.1662 on mustard, 0.1357 on rapeseed, and 0.0465 on turnip. Cabbage, cauliflower and broccoli were susceptible host plants for the cabbage aphid. Rapeseed, turnip and mustard showed resistance to the pest.

Comparative analysis of phytosterol components from rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and olive (Olea europaea L.) varieties

Abstract: Phytosterols occur in relatively high concentration in the seeds of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and in lower concentration in olive (Olea europaea L.) oil. The aim of this research was to investigate some new rapeseed varieties and olive genotypes that are grown in Northwest Turkey and to compare the phytosterol contents of both crops. For rapeseed, the data were collected in the growing seasons 2004-2005 from a field experiment with 19 new rapeseed varieties and three replications. For olives, 21 different varieties were used in the 2004-2005 and 2005-2006 growing seasons. The separation and identification of free phytosterols and the analysis of their contents were successfully achieved using the capillary column-gas chromatographic method. According to the obtained results, for rapeseed, sitosterol (1.54-2.36 g/kg) was the major component of total phytosterols, followed by campesterol (0.02-1.58 g/kg) and brassicasterol (0.26-0.58 g/kg). Regarding the olive varieties, the sitosterol content changed between 1.03 and 2.01 g/kg, followed by avenasterol ranging from 0.07 to 0.44 g/kg. The brassicasterol, campesterol and stigmasterol contents did not affect the total amount of sterols. The total phytosterol content ranged between 4.25 and 11.37 g/kg for rapeseed and 1.29 and 2.38 g/kg for olives.

Physiological Differences Between Yellow-Seeded and Black-Seeded Rapeseeds (Brassica napus L.) with Different Testa Characteristics During Artificial Ageing

Abstract: Yellow-seeded rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is a new kind of breeding resources with yellow color, increased oil and protein content and less unwanted crude fiber content due to the thinner and transparent testa compared with traditional black or brown-seeded rapeseed. To analyze the longevity of the yellow-seeded rapeseed during storage, the physiological differences between the yellow and black-seeded near-isogenic lines were studied by artificial ageing method. The testa rate, anthocyanin content and melanin content of yellow-seeded rapeseeds decreased by 20.1, 25.2, and 80.4% respectively than black-seeded rapeseed. During artificial ageing, the yellow-seeded rapeseed showed significantly different effect of ageing compared with the black-seeded, as demonstrated by faster deterioration with lower germination percentage, seed vigour index, reducing sugar and soluble protein contents than the black-seeded, as well as a drastic increase in electrical conductivity, malnodialdehyde (MDA) content and a rapid decrease in activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The results suggested that the transparent testa of the yellow-seeded rapeseed lost some abilities to protect the embryo against adverse environmental conditions and thus led to a poor storability.

Breeding high-stearic oilseed rape ( Brassica napus ) with high- and low-erucic background using optimised promoter-gene constructs

Abstract: Seed lipids of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) usually contain small proportions (<3%) of stearic acid. The objective of this study was to increase the content of stearic fatty␣acid in rapeseed oil. An antisense down-regulation of the endogenous stearoyl-ACP desaturase (SAD) catalysing the reaction step from stearic to oleic acid in two different genetic backgrounds was studied. The result of down-regulation of the SAD yielded an about 10-fold increase of stearic acid from 3.7% up to 32% in single seeds of transgenic low-erucic acid rapeseed (LEAR), while high-erucic acid rapeseed (HEAR) showed a 4-fold increase of C18:0 from 1% up to 4%. It could be shown in pooled T2 seed material of LEAR rapeseed, that the stearic acid content is highly correlated with the down-regulation of SAD as indicated by the␣stearate desaturation proportion (SDP). The importance of the promoter strength for the alteration of a trait was confirmed in this study as no change in the fatty acid composition of transgenic plants was achieved with gene constructs controlled by the weak FatB4 seed-specific promoter from Cuphea lanceolata.

Can we “cultivate” erucic acid in southern Europe?

Abstract: Over the last fifteen years, considerable progress has been made in the field of “green chemistry”, as regards both research aspects and market development. In particular, extraction of erucic acid (C22:1) from plants and its industrial applications have received increasing attention. At present, known species producing oils yielding large quantities of erucic acid belong, with few exceptions, to the Brassicaceae family. Among these, the two major sources of erucic acid in the world are HEAR (High Erucic Acid Rapeseed, Brassica napus var. oleifera) and crambe (Crambe abyssinica), both mainly cultivated in the USA. Their cultivation has also recently been considered and extended to southern Europe, supported by specific research projects. The quantity of erucic acid in Brassicaceae oils ranges greatly, from 55% in Crambe abyssinica to nearly zero in some varieties of Brassica napus var. oleifera. Even more differentiated and peculiar to each species and variety is adaptability to specific climatic and soil conditions. In this regard, the major limitation to the cultivation of some interesting Brassicaceae species, crambe in particular, is their poor tolerance to cold. Among Brassicaceae producing erucic acid, the less frequently cultivated species, such as Brassica juncea and B. carinata, if grown in areas with relatively mild winters, may give yields of seed and oil similar to those of the most productive rapeseed genotypes. Within this framework, in order to achieve high production of erucic acid, it is essential to identify the most productive genotypes, among available species, for each environment. In this report, seed and oil productions of some important Brassicaceae species for extraction of erucic acid, derived from 15 years of field trials in northern Italy, are discussed in relation to the possibility of autumn or spring sowing.

Erucic acid content in some rapeseed/mustard cultivars developed in Bangladesh

Abstract: Seed samples of 21 indigenous and developed rapeseed/mustard cultivars (Brassica campestris, B. juncea and B. napus) were characterized for their fatty acid composition. Erucic acid was one of the main fatty acids, in proportions ranging from 21.59 to 51.57% followed by oleic acid ranging from 7.03 to 25.21%. The other major monounsaturated fatty acid was gadoleic acid, which accounted for 4.12–12.06%. The major polyunsaturated fatty acids were linoleic and linolenic acid, ranging from 11.79 to 16.89% and 6.29 to 11.15%, respectively. Among the saturated fatty acids, palmitic acid accounted for 1.20–3.36%. Erucic acid content was negatively correlated with all other major fatty acids. The cultivars Binasarisha-3, Binasarisha-4, Binasarisha-5, MM 22-12-98, MM 2-16-98, MM 36-6-98, MM 49-3-98, MM 34-7-98 and Barisarisha-8 of B. napus had significantly (P < 0.001) low levels of erucic acid and high levels of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids among all the cultivars. These four cultivars and five advanced generation mutant lines may be exploited in breeding programmes for the development of nutritionally better-quality locally adaptive cultivars. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry

Analysis of Bulked and Redundant Accessions of Brassica Germplasm Using Assignment Tests of Microsatellite Markers

Abstract: This study was conducted to determine if Brassica germplasm bulks created and main- tained by the USDA-ARS North Central Plant Introduction Station (NCRPIS) were made with genetically indistinguishable component acces- sions and to examine newly identified putative duplicate accessions to determine if they can be bulked. Using ten microsatellite primer pairs, we genotyped two bulks of B. rapa L. ssp. dichotoma (Roxb.) Hanelt comprising four accessions and three bulks of B. rapa L. ssp. trilocularis (Roxb.) Hanelt comprising fourteen accessions, as well as four pairs of putatively duplicate accessions of B. napus L. Assignment tests on ten individual plants per accession were conducted using a model-based clustering method to arrive at prob- abilities of likelihood of accession assignment. The assignment tests indicated that one of the two bulks of B. rapa ssp. dichotoma involves geneti- cally heterogeneous accessions. It was observed in the B. rapa ssp. trilocularis bulks that the compo- nent accessions could be differentiated into groups, with misassignments observed most fre- quent within groups. In B. napus, only one of the four pairs of putative duplicates showed significant genetic differentiation. The other three pairs of putative duplicates lack differences and support the creation of bulks. The results of the assignment tests were in agreement with cluster analyses and tests of population differentiation. Implications of these results in terms of germplasm management include the maintenance and/or re-creation of some Brassica germplasm bulks by excluding those accessions identified as being unique in this study.

Purification and protein composition of oil bodies from Brassica napus seeds

Abstract: Seed oil bodies are intracellular particles to store lipids as food reserves in oleaginous plants. Description of oil body-associated proteins of Arabidopsis thaliana has been recently reported whereas only few data are available in the case of rapeseed. Oil bodies have been prepared from two double-low varieties of Brassica napus seeds, a standard variety (Explus) and an oleic variety (Cabriolet). Oil bodies have been purified using floatation technique in the successive presence of high salt concentration, detergent or urea in order to remove non-specifically trapped proteins. The integrity of the oil bodies has been verified and their size estimated. Their protein and fatty acid contents have been determined. The proteins composing these organelles were extracted, separated by denaturing gel electrophoresis, digested by trypsin and their peptides were subsequently analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Protein identification was performed using Arabidopsis thaliana protein sequence database and a collection of Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) of Brassica napus generated from the framework of the French plant genomics programme “Genoplante”. This led to the identification of a limited number of proteins: eight oleosins showing a high similarity each other and representing up to 75% of oil body proteins, a 11 b hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-like protein highly homologous to the same protein from A. thaliana, and only few contaminating proteins associated with myrosinase activity.

Nutritious health-caring vegetable blend oil

Abstract: The invention relates to a nutriment health mixed plant oil which comprises (by weight percent): purple perilla oil 20-40%, flaxseed oil 10-30%, rapeseed oil 10-50%, soybean oil 1-20%, walnut oil 1-10%, and sunflower oil 1-10%. The vegetable oil also comprises tea polyphenol as fat antioxidative stabilizer, VE, omega-6 unsaturated fatty acid and omega-3 unsaturated fatty acid.