Showing papers on "Revised NEO Personality Inventory published in 2009"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed scales to assess 10 specific facet traits within the broad Big Five personality domains from the item pool of the Big Five Inventory (BFI), which demonstrated substantial reliability, convergence with self-reports on the Revised NEO Personality Inventory and peer reports on the BFI, and discriminant validity.
336 citations
TL;DR: Biometric extensions of growth curve models showed that 10-year stability and change of personality were influenced by both genetic as well as environmental factors, and findings suggest noticeable differences between traits with respect to the magnitude of genetic and environmental effects.
Abstract: The present study examined the patterns and sources of 10-year stability and change of adult personality assessed by the 5 domains and 30 facets of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory. Phenotypic and biometric analyses were performed on data from 126 identical and 61 fraternal twins from the Bielefeld Longitudinal Study of Adult Twins (BiLSAT). Consistent with previous research, LGM analyses revealed significant mean-level changes in domains and facets suggesting maturation of personality. There were also substantial individual differences in the change trajectories of both domain and facet scales. Correlations between age and trait changes were modest and there were no significant associations between change and gender. Biometric extensions of growth curve models showed that 10-year stability and change of personality were influenced by both genetic as well as environmental factors. Regarding the etiology of change, the analyses uncovered a more complex picture than originally stated, as findings suggest noticeable differences between traits with respect to the magnitude of genetic and environmental effects.
217 citations
TL;DR: Overweight and obese individuals have difficulty resisting cravings and lack methodical and organized behaviors that might influence diet and weight control, and personality traits can improve clinical assessment, suggest points of intervention, and help tailor prevention and treatment approaches.
Abstract: Objective—Personality traits underlie maladaptive behaviors, and cognitive and emotional disturbances that contribute to major preventable causes of global disease burden. This study examines detailed personality profiles of underweight, normal, and overweight individuals to provide insights into the causes and treatments of abnormal weight. Methods—More than half of the population from four towns in Sardinia, Italy (N=5,693; aged 14-94; M=43; SD=17), were assessed on multiple anthropometric measures and 30 facets that comprehensively cover the five major dimensions of personality, using the Revised NEO Personality Inventory. Results—High Neuroticism and low Conscientiousness were associated with being underweight and obese, respectively. High Impulsiveness (specifically eating-behavior items) and low Order were associated with BMI categories of overweight and obese, and with measures of abdominal adiposity (waist and hip circumference). Those scoring in the top 10% of Impulsiveness were about 4 Kg heavier than those in the bottom 10%, an effect independent and larger than the FTO genetic variant. Prospective analyses confirmed that Impulsiveness and Order were significant predictors of general and central measures of adiposity assessed 3 years later. Conclusions—Overweight and obese individuals have difficulty resisting cravings and lack methodical and organized behaviors that might influence diet and weight control. While individuals’ traits have limited impact on the current obesogenic epidemic, personality traits can improve clinical assessment, suggest points of intervention, and help tailor prevention and treatment approaches.
193 citations
TL;DR: Costa et al. as discussed by the authors examined the relationship between broad personality traits and learning approaches, 852 university students completed the NEO-FFI and found that the overlap between learning approaches and personality traits is lower than previously suggested, but only the positive link between Openness to Experience and Deep Learning was supported by both correlational and structural equation modelling tests.
146 citations
TL;DR: Analyses across and within cultures confirmed the intended factor structure of both versions when used to describe young adolescents, and implications of these cross-cultural findings for the advancement of studies in adolescence and personality development across the lifespan are discussed.
Abstract: The structure and psychometric characteristics of the NEO Personality Inventory-3 (NEO-PI-3), a more readable version of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R), are examined and compared with NEO-PI-R characteristics using data from college student observer ratings of 5,109 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years from 24 cultures Replacement items in the PI-3 showed on average stronger item-total correlations and slightly improved facet reliabilities compared with the NEO-PI-R in both English- and non-English-speaking samples NEO-PI-3 replacement items did not substantially affect scale means compared with the original scales Analyses across and within cultures confirmed the intended factor structure of both versions when used to describe young adolescents The authors discuss implications of these cross-cultural findings for the advancement of studies in adolescence and personality development across the lifespan
117 citations
TL;DR: The results thus do not implicate the DBH C-1021T polymorphism in the pathophysiology of depressive disorders or personality disorders, yet homozygosity at this locus appears to increase the risk towards personality traits related to impulsiveness, aggression and related disease states, namely adult ADHD.
Abstract: Dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DβH) catalyzes the conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine in central noradrenergic and adrenergic neurons and thus is critically involved in the biosynthesis of catecholamines There are equivocal findings concerning the question whether or not DsH activity levels are altered in affective disorders or in subtypes of affective disorders Moreover, information about the role of dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) genotype, which explains a large part of the variance of enzymatic activity, in affective disorders and personality dimensions is limited To resolve these inconsistencies, association tests were performed using four independent samples, healthy volunteers (N = 387), patients with affective disorders (N = 182), adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) patients (N = 407), and patients with personality disorders (N = 637) In the latter two samples, the revised NEO personality inventory (NEO-PI-R) was administered All participants were genotyped for a putatively functional single nucleotide polymorphism (C-1021T, rs1611115) No differences in DBH C-1021T genotype distribution were observed between patients with affective disorders and healthy control subjects Also when the patient sample was divided into uni- and bipolar patients versus controls, no significant differences emerged Furthermore, no clear-cut association was detected between the TT genotype and personality disorder clusters while there was a significant association with adult ADHD However, personality disorder patients carrying the DBH TT genotype exhibited higher neuroticism and novelty seeking scores as compared to individuals with the CC or CT genotype Analyses on the level of the neuroticism and novelty seeking subscales revealed that the DBH TT genotype was primarily associated with personality features related to impulsiveness and aggressive hostility Also adult ADHD patients carrying the homozygous TT genotypes displayed by significantly increased neuroticism scores; when both personality disorder and adult ADHD patient were analyzed together, TT carriers also displayed by significantly lower conscientiousness levels Our results thus do not implicate the DBH C-1021T polymorphism in the pathophysiology of depressive disorders or personality disorders, yet homozygosity at this locus appears to increase the risk towards personality traits related to impulsiveness, aggression and related disease states, namely adult ADHD These data argue for a dimensional rather than categorical effect of genetic variance in DBH activity; accordingly, the inconsistency of previous findings concerning DβH levels in affective disorders might be caused by the underlying association of the TT genotype at DBH-1021 with impulsive personality traits
106 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that, although both measures assess psychopathy-related traits, the NEO PI-R provides a more complete description because of its assessment of interpersonal antagonism and the central role of this construct in psychopathy.
Abstract: This study examined the interrelations between two measures of personality, the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R; P. T. Costa & R. R. McCrae, 1992) and the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ; Tellegen & Waller, 2008), and their relations with psychopathy in a sample of undergraduates. Results revealed good convergence between conceptually related personality traits; however, the NEO PI-R facets accounted for more variance in the MPQ subscales (mean R(2)=.49) than did MPQ subscales in NEO PI-R facets (mean R(2)=.35). Both accounted for substantial proportions of variance in psychopathy scores, although the NEO PI-R accounted for larger proportions and manifested greater incremental validity when using the broader domains of each measure; the differences decreased when the narrower facets/subscales were used. The results suggest that, although both measures assess psychopathy-related traits, the NEO PI-R provides a more complete description because of its assessment of interpersonal antagonism and the central role of this construct in psychopathy.
78 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that researchers should supplement an EFA with a PCFA if there is an interest in eventually attempting to confirm the exploratively derived factor model via CFA.
Abstract: Exploratory factor analytic (EFA) studies frequently conclude with the recommendation that future research should attempt to confirm the exploratively identified factor model solution via confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). In this article, I describe partial CFA (PCFA) as a technique to help researchers justify the recommendation of testing via CFA an EFA-derived model. Based on a Revised NEO Personality Inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1992) facet correlation matrix, the Five-factor model was examined via PCFA and was found not to be appropriate for testing via CFA. I conclude that researchers should supplement an EFA with a PCFA if there is an interest in eventually attempting to confirm the exploratively derived factor model via CFA.
74 citations
TL;DR: Examining the personality predictors of bipolar disorder symptoms, conceptualized as one-dimensional (bipolarity) or two- dimensional (mania and depression), found that depression was associated with Neuroticism and (negative) Extraversion, whereas mania wasassociated with neuroticism, Extraversion and ( negative) Agreeableness.
Abstract: The purpose of the current investigation was to examine the personality predictors of bipolar disorder symptoms, conceptualized as one-dimensional (bipolarity) or two-dimensional (mania and depression). A psychiatric sample (N=370; 45% women; mean age 39.50 years) completed the Revised NEO Personality Inventory and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory -2. A model in which bipolar symptoms were represented as a single dimension provided a good fit to the data. This dimension was predicted by Neuroticism and (negative) Agreeableness. A model in which bipolar symptoms were represented as two separate dimensions of mania and depression also provided a good fit to the data. Depression was associated with Neuroticism and (negative) Extraversion, whereas mania was associated with Neuroticism, Extraversion and (negative) Agreeableness. Symptoms of bipolar disorder can be usefully understood in terms of two dimensions of mania and depression, which have distinct personality correlates.
72 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a developmental model of leaders in which certain variables formed in early childhood are the basic components for leadership development in later life and found that trait anxiety and openness to experience affect leaders' development via experiences.
Abstract: Apart from biographies and memoirs of outstanding leaders, studies on the development of leaders in everyday life from childhood to maturity are rare. We propose a developmental model of leaders in which certain variables formed in early childhood are the basic components for leadership development in later life. These are a low level of trait anxiety [Spielberger, C.D. (1972). Conceptual and methodological issues in anxiety research. In C.D. Spielberger (Ed.), Anxiety: Current trends in theory and research. New York: Academic Press, vol. 1] and openness to experiences [Costa, P.T. Jr., & McCrae, R.R. (1992a). Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) professional manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources]. We argue that secure attachment style [Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss: Vol. 1. Attachment. New York: Basic Books] explains the formation and influence of these basic components, which in turn affect the leader's development through experience in leadership roles. Questionnaires were administered to 286 subjects. The data obtained were analyzed by structural equation modeling (SEM).The findings show that trait anxiety and openness to experience affect leaders' development via experiences. Alternative models in which formative variables may affect the magnitude and intensity of leadership experiences are discussed.
65 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of self-enhancement and socially desirable responding (SDR) on rater agreement for personality profiles were studied in 304 students and three kinds of profile agreement were distinguished: (a) normative agreement; (b) distinctive agreement and (c) profile normativeness.
Abstract: Effects of self-enhancement and socially desirable responding (SDR) on rater agreement for personality profiles were studied in 304 students. Dyads of participants described themselves and their peer on the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) that measures 30 facets of personality. In addition, participants filled in six scales measuring self-enhancement or SDR. Data analyses focussed on moderator and suppressor effects of SDR on the similarity between self-reported and other reported NEO-PI-R profiles. Three kinds of profile agreement were distinguished: (a) normative agreement; (b) distinctive agreement and (c) profile normativeness, that is, how strongly a self-reported personality profile resembled the average profile of all participants. There were no moderator or suppressor effects on distinctive agreement, but SDR predicted profile normativeness quite strongly. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
TL;DR: The results confirm that some personality dimensions are dependent on both state and trait aspects of depression, and suggest that EI only seems to be affected during the clinical state.
Abstract: Several studies have explored the link between depression and personality with classical personality questionnaires like the Revised NEO Personality Inventory and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). However, no studies have been conducted with the revised form of the TCI (TCI-R). Moreover, since a few studies conducted on normal subjects suggest that Emotional Intelligence (EI) would be lower in depression, but that the concept has not been explicitly measured in patients with major depressive disorder, EI was assessed here with the modified version of Schutte's scale among a group of depressive patients. In addition, both personality and EI measures were carried out during the clinical state of depression and after the remission to assess the state versus trait aspect. The study was conducted on 54 major depressive inpatients (20 in remission) and 54 matched controls. As expected, depressive patients exhibited higher score on harm avoidance (HA), and lower scores on persistence (P), self-directedness (SD), cooperativeness (C), optimism/emotional regulation subscore, and total EI score as compared with controls. In the period of remission, patients again had elevated scores on HA, and lower scores on SD. In contrast, the total EI score did not differ between controls and depressive patients in remission. The results confirm that some personality dimensions are dependent on both state and trait aspects of depression, and suggest that EI only seems to be affected during the clinical state.
TL;DR: Johnson et al. as mentioned in this paper described the creation and initial validation of new self-report measures of the psychopathic traits of Fearless Dominance and Impulsive Antisociality.
TL;DR: Results indicated that several facets of extraversion have opposing associations with fear response acquisition of an electrodermal response- possibly contributing to the mixed results in the literature.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors conducted a character and personality survey of Russian adults and found that women scored higher than men on most of the neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness and conscientiousness facet scales.
Abstract: Data were collected by the members of the Russian character and personality survey from 39 samples in 33 administrative areas of the Russian Federation. Respondents (N = 7065) identified an ethnically Russian adult or college-aged man or woman whom they knew well and rated the target using the Russian observer rating version of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory, which measures neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness and conscientiousness. Factor analyses within samples showed that the factor structure of an international sample combining data from 50 different cultures was well replicated in all 39 Russian samples. Sex differences replicated the known pattern in all samples, demonstrating that women scored higher than men on most of the neuroticism, openness, agreeableness and conscientiousness facet scales. Cross-sectional analyses demonstrated consistent age differences for four factors: Older individuals compared to younger ones were less extraverted and open but more agreeable and conscientious. The mean levels of traits were similar in all 39 samples. Although in general personality traits in Russians closely followed the universal pattern, some reliable culture-specific effects were also found that future studies can help interpret. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
TL;DR: The Estonian version of the Swedish universities Scales of Personality showed acceptable reliability and validity, which confirms that SSP is applicable in different social and cultural background.
Abstract: The study aims to test the reliability and validity of the Estonian version of the Swedish universities Scales of Personality (SSP), and to characterize the position of the SSP-measured traits within the basic personality dimensions of the five-factor model. A total of 529 participants completed the Estonian version of the SSP. A subsample of 197 persons completed the SSP together with the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R). The internal consistency of the SSP scales was satisfactory. Principal component analysis yielded three factors representing neuroticism, aggression and disinhibition. The factor solution obtained in the Estonian sample was similar to the original SSP study in the Swedish normative sample. NEO-PI-R Neuroticism had highest correlations with SSP neuroticism factor scales. Extraversion had strongest relationship with adventure seeking and low detachment. Agreeableness correlated positively with SSP social desirability and negatively to aggression-irritability scales. Conscientiousness facet Deliberation correlated with Impulsiveness. The Estonian SSP showed acceptable reliability and validity, which confirms that SSP is applicable in different social and cultural background. The SSP measures traits that correspond to the major personality models. The SSP characterizes three broad dimensions of personality, namely neuroticism, disinhibition and aggression, which are useful in assessment of personality correlates of mental disorders.
TL;DR: To determine whether the offspring of centenarians have personality characteristics that are distinct from the general population, a large number of studies have found that they do.
Abstract: Research on siblings and offspring of centenarians has documented that exceptional longevity runs strongly in families.1–4 Studies of the offspring of centenarians have shown that their mortality is lower that that of other members of their birth cohort5 and that they have lower prevalence1,6 and delayed onset of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus.7 Thus, they are regarded as a model of healthy aging. Because personality traits have been shown to have substantial heritable components, 8 it was hypothesized that certain personality features may be important to the healthy aging observed in the offspring of centenarians.
Several studies have assessed the effect of personality traits on survival using the Five-Factor Model (FFM) of Personality. Studies have used the Revised NEO Personality Inventory, a 240-item measure of the five broad factors and the 30 narrower facet scales or the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), a 60-item self-report questionnaire that measures only the five personality factors: neuroticism (emotional reactivity and distress), extraversion (tendency to be outgoing, active), openness (flexibility and openness to new ideas), agreeableness (cooperation and empathy), and conscientiousness (social responsibility and self-discipline).9 Findings from longitudinal studies have, to some extent, been consistent, indicating that high conscientiousness, low neuroticism, and perhaps high extraversion are predictive of lower mortality and longevity in aging populations.10–13 Prior research suggests that offspring of centenarians are a model of healthy aging and that certain personality traits are associated with mortality and longevity. Thus, this study aimed to test the hypothesis that above-average levels of health-promoting traits (e.g., conscientiousness and extraversion) and below-average levels of health-damaging traits (e.g., neuroticism) characterize offspring of centenarians.
Using the NEO-FFI from the FFM, this study set out to measure the personality characteristics of offspring of centenarians and to compare NEO-FFI scores of centenarians’ offspring with normative scores.
TL;DR: Neuroticism may mediate part of the relationship between RLS and depression or panic, but the mechanisms of these associations need further exploration.
TL;DR: A hierarchical model of bodily anxiety symptoms with 1 second-order severity factor and 5 first-order factors: cardio-respiratory, gastro-intestinal, autonomic, vertigo, and tension is proposed and indicates that personality factors may be differentially related to specific anxiety subdimensions.
TL;DR: The study indicates that the Five-Factor Model of personality dimensions and traits are fairly stable in patients with PDs and Neuroticism was the least stable domain.
Abstract: :We lack knowledge of the temporal stability of major personality dimensions in patients with personality disorders (PDs). The Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) is a self-report instrument that operationalizes the Five-Factor Model of personality. This study investigated the relat
TL;DR: Improvement in aspects of personality in patients hospitalized with anorexia nervosa (AN) and its relationship to improved depression, body mass index (BMI), and eating disorder outcome after treatment is assessed.
Abstract: Objective: To assess improvement in aspects of personality in patients hospitalized with anorexia nervosa (AN) and its relationship to improved depression, body mass index (BMI), and eating disorder outcome after treatment. Method: Twenty females hospitalized with AN completed intake and discharge assessments of BMI, depression and eating disorder severity, as well as personality pathology with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2) and the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R). Clinical outcome for a subset of patients at 1-year post-hospitalization was determined. Results: The only factor that predicted better versus worse outcome at 1-year post-hospitalization was change in Low Self-Esteem (LSE) from the MMPI-2. Improved LSE from admission to discharge predicted remission at 1-year post-hospitalization, while worsening LSE predicted relapse. Regardless of outcome, NEO PI-R Neuroticism remained pathologically elevated in AN patients during hospitalization. Discussion: Pathological levels of neuroticism may represent a vulnerability factor for AN. In contrast, self-esteem appears to be a modifiable factor that predicts outcome following hospitalization, and may be an important target for treatment.
TL;DR: Results support assessment of neuroticism and extroversion during clinical mental health evaluations related to military aviation duty.
Abstract: Background: The Five Factor Model (FFM) of normal personality provides a compelling framework for investigating personality subtypes in large military populations. The FFM was used to determine whether a sample of clinically referred military aviators exhibited commonly occurring personality clusters. Methods: The Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) was used to evaluate 956 clinically referred U.S. Naval aviators and flight officers on the domains of neuroticism (N), extroversion (E), openness (O), agreeableness (A), and conscientiousness (C). The scores were subjected to model-based cluster analysis and emergent clusters were compared with respect to their scores and clinical outcomes. Results: A two-cluster model provided the best fit to the data. MANOVA indicated significant differences between the two cluster groups with respect to four of the five factors (N, E, A, and C). The greatest differences were for N and E, with the smaller group (Group 1, N = 291) being significantly more neurotic and less extroverted than Group 2 (N = 665). Cluster membership had more specificity (0.74) than sensitivity (0.59) for predicting adverse clinical outcome, with the probability of an adverse clinical outcome increasing from 0.14 to 0.28 for those in the neurotic and introverted Group 1. Conclusions: Elevated neuroticism and depressed extraversion were the defining traits of the personality cluster less suited for aviation duty (Group 1). Results support assessment of neuroticism and extroversion during clinical mental health evaluations related to military aviation duty.
TL;DR: Self-ratings and informant ratings of personality as predictors of implicit motives, need for achievement (nAch), and need for affiliation (nAff) and peer ratings of Conscientiousness significantly predicted nAch scores after controlling for word count and self-rated Cons conscientiousness are compared.
Abstract: In this study, we compared self-ratings and informant ratings of personality as predictors of implicit motives, need for achievement (nAch), and need for affiliation (nAff). A total of 120 participants wrote creative stories to 5 images from the Picture Story Exercise (Smith, 1992) and completed the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1992). Three well-acquainted informants rated each participant's personality with the Big Five Inventory (John & Srivastava, 1999) and Saucier's (1994) Mini-Markers. Consistent with the study hypotheses, peer ratings of Conscientiousness significantly predicted nAch scores after controlling for word count and self-rated Conscientiousness. Contrary to hypotheses, peer ratings and self-ratings in all 5 domains did not significantly predict nAff scores. The findings are considered in the interest of bridging the gap between trait and motive concepts in personality assessment.
TL;DR: This article found that divergent thinking was significantly correlated with abstract reasoning and the Big Five personality factors of Openness to Experience and Extraversion, as well as with several facets from Agreeableness, Neuroticism, and Conscientiousness.
Abstract: In the present study, 585 British adults attending an assessment center completed a series of tests that included measures of personality (the Revised NEO Personality Inventory), abstract reasoning (the Graduate and Managerial Assessment), and divergent thinking (DT; the Consequences Test). Correlation analyses showed that DT was significantly and positively correlated with abstract reasoning and the Big Five personality factors of Openness to Experience and Extraversion. A multivariate forward stepwise regression showed that DT was significantly predicted by "Openness," Abstract Reasoning, Extraversion, and Agreeableness. Further analyses showed that DT was significantly correlated with 5 of the 6 Openness facets and 4 of the 6 Extraversion facets (as well as with several facets from Agreeableness, Neuroticism, and Conscientiousness). Overall, however, abstract reasoning and personality accounted for only 7% of the variance in DT, suggesting that these variables are only modestly associated wtih DT in a British occupational sample.