Showing papers on "Thin-layer chromatography published in 2018"
TL;DR: The identified polysaccharide displayed an important radical scavenging and reducer power as well as effective antimicrobial properties and was considered as heterogeneous and highly branched.
37 citations
TL;DR: Three independent HPTLC methods were devised to in situ hydrolyze flavonoid glycosides and then separate and visualize the liberated glucose and some other building blocks of the zones' components to detect and identify antibacterial components of fraction I derived from eleven commercial C. incanus herbal teas.
27 citations
20 Jan 2018
TL;DR: The extracellular β-d-fructofuranosidase demonstrated tolerance to high ethanol concentrations indicating its applicability in the production of alcoholic fermentation processes.
Abstract: This study focused on the purification and characterization of an extracellular β-d-fructofuranosidase or invertase from Aspergillus sojae JU12. The protein was purified by size exclusion chromatography with 5.41 fold and 10.87% recovery. The apparent molecular mass of the enzyme was estimated to be ~ 35 kDa using SDS-PAGE and confirmed by deconvoluted mass spectrometry. The fungal β-d-fructofuranosidase was suggested to be a monomer by native PAGE and zymography, and was found to be a glycoprotein possessing 68.92% carbohydrate content. The products of enzyme hydrolysis were detected by thin layer chromatography and revealed the monosaccharide units, d-glucose and d-fructose. β-d-fructofuranosidase showed enhanced activity at broad pH 4.0–9.0 and activity at a temperature range from 30 to 70 °C, while the enzyme was stable at pH 8.0 and 40 °C, respectively. The β-d-fructofuranosidase activity was lowered by metal ion inhibitors Ag2+ and Hg2+ whereas elevated by SDS and β-ME. The fungal β-d-fructofuranosidase was capable of hydrolyzing d-sucrose and the kinetics were determined by Lineweaver–Burk plot with Km of 10.17 mM and Vmax of 0.7801 µmol min−1. Additionally, the extracellular β-d-fructofuranosidase demonstrated tolerance to high ethanol concentrations indicating its applicability in the production of alcoholic fermentation processes.
16 citations
TL;DR: Direct enantiomeric resolution of commonly used five racemic β-adrenolytics has been achieved by thin layer chromatography using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as chiral additive in stationary phase using different composition of simple organic solvents having no buffer or inorganic ions.
Abstract: Direct enantiomeric resolution of commonly used five racemic β-adrenolytics, namely, bisoprolol, atenolol, propranolol, salbutamol and carvedilol has been achieved by thin layer chromatography using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as chiral additive in stationary phase. Successful resolution of the enantiomers of all racemic β-adrenolytics was achieved by use of different composition of simple organic solvents having no buffer or inorganic ions. The effect of variation in pH, temperature, amount of BSA as the additive, and composition of mobile phase on resolution was systematically studied. Spots were visualized in iodine vapors. Native enantiomers for each of the five analytes were isolated and identified and their elution order was determined. The limit of detection was found to be 0.7, 1.2, 0.84, 1.6 and 0.9 μg (per spot) for each enantiomer of bisoprolol, atenolol, propranolol, salbutamol and carvedilol, respectively.
15 citations
TL;DR: TLC is presented as a tool to determine the solutes physicochemical properties and to predict the interactions of drugs with biomembranes, blood-brain barrier permeability, plasma protein binding, volume of distribution, gastric and skin absorption.
Abstract: A review of applications of thin layer chromatography (TLC) in drug discovery is given. TLC is presented as a tool to determine the solutes physicochemical properties (lipophilicity, dissociation c...
14 citations
TL;DR: TLC has been utilized to evaluate lipophilicity of 11 representative drugs, which included six proton pump inhibitors, an anti-vertigo drug, betahistine, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, ibuprofen, anti-malarial drug, atovaquone, anAnti-HIV agent, atazanavir and a hormonal drug, calcitriol.
11 citations
TL;DR: The proposed methods were successfully used for assay of ampicillin and DX in pure form and in pharmaceutical formulation where no interference from the excipients was detected.
Abstract: Two accurate, precise and sensitive high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods were developed for assay of ampicillin (AMP) and dicloxacillin (DX) in the presence of their impurity, 6-aminopenicillanic acid (APA). Method (A) is HPTLC method; using silica gel HPTLC F254 plates as a stationary phase with methanol: chloroform: acetic acid (1:9: 0.2, by volume) as a developing system. All the bands were scanned at 220 nm. Method (B) is reversed phase- HPLC which depended on isocratic elution using C18 column and mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile: water (60:40, v/v), pH adjusted to 4 with orthophosphoric acid, at a flow rate of 1 mL min-1 and ultraviolet detection at 240 nm. The proposed methods were validated as per ICH guidelines and their linearity was evident in the ranges of 0.5-2 μg band-1, 0.4-2 μg band-1 and 0.2-1.2 μg band-1 for method (A) and 5-40 μg mL-1, 5-40 μg mL-1 and 2-16 μg mL-1 for method (B) for AMP, DX and APA, respectively. The proposed methods were successfully used for assay of AMP and DX in pure form and in pharmaceutical formulation where no interference from the excipients was detected.
11 citations
TL;DR: In contrast to the initial alcohols not ionizable in TLC/MALDI conditions, the derivatives, containing permanent positive charge, revealintense peaks of their cationic moieties in MALDI mass spectra recorded directly from TLC plates.
9 citations
TL;DR: The directed analysis (EDA) method enables separation, identification and preliminary screening of plant extracts for anti-radical properties and can be easily adopted for other bioactivities.
9 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the chemical profiles of Brazilian herbal species by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) to identify promising chemical markers.
Abstract: Background: Fingerprint analysis plays a key role in quality control of herbal medicines due to its technical capacity to represent the chemical diversity of these complex matrices. Several traditional Brazilian species showed very little data in their chemical profiles. Objective: Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the chemical profiles of Brazilian herbal species by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Materials and Methods: The herbal materials of 7 species (Anacardium occidentale, Annona muricata, Guazuma ulmifolia, Phyllanthus niruri, Psidium guajava, Punica granatum, and Spondias mombin) were collected from three different locations in Northeast Brazil, botanically authenticated and their chemical profile analyzed by TLC (cinnamics, flavonoids, and tannins) and by HPLC (polyphenols). Results: The chromatographic data showed the similarities between chemical profiles of the sample fingerprints, confirming the presence of several classes of secondary metabolites as well as the identification of different chemical standards (catechin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ellagic acid, gallic acid, quercetin, or rutin). Conclusion: The chromatographic profiling of the herbal drugs by TLC and HPLC were successfully characterized and allowed for the identification of promising chemical markers, improving the state of art in the quality control of the herbal species investigated in this study. Abbreviations used: HPLC: High-performance liquid chromatography; PVDF: Polyvinylidene fluoride; RP-LC: Reverse-phase liquid chromatography; TLC: Thin-layer chromatography; UV-spectrum: Ultraviolet spectrum.
7 citations
TL;DR: The methods of correlating molecular structure of substances expressed as descriptors, to their biological activity are commonly denoted as Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QS...) as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The methods of correlating molecular structure of substances expressed as descriptors, to their biological activity are commonly denoted as Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QS...
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Bioautography was employed as the screening method for purifying bioactive substances of the crude extract of Zingiber cassumunar Roxb and three phenylbutanoids revealed bacteriolytic effects on the assayed strains, causing evident damage on cell walls and membranes using SYTOX Green.
Abstract: Bioautography was employed as the screening method for purifying bioactive substances of the crude extract of Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. Purification procedures included silica gel 60 column chromatography, thin layer chromatography and medium pressure liquid chromatography. Identification of purified compounds was achieved by spectroscopic methods. Three phenylbutanoids were purified and identified as (E)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-[(E)-3,4-dimethoxystyryl] cyclohex-1-ene (1), (E)-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-but-3-en-1-ol (2) and (E)-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-but-3-en-1-yl acetate (3). Compound 1 showed high antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with both MIC (16 µg/ml) and MBC (32 µg/ml). These were followed by the MIC values (32 µg/ml) and MBC values (128 µg/ml) for compounds 2 and 3 against the same microorganisms. These compounds revealed bacteriolytic effects on the assayed strains, causing evident damage on cell walls and membranes using SYTOX Green. The cytotoxicity activity of purified compounds was determined using MTT colorimetric assay against L929 and Vero cell lines. They showed weak cytotoxicity activity with IC50 values of 1263.42 to 2857.83 µg/ml and 1537.83 to 2698.45 µg/ml toward L929 and Vero cell lines, respectively.
TL;DR: A methodology to perform two-dimensional thin layer Chromatography bioautographies on silica gel thin layer chromatography plates was proposed, which allowed four well-resolved spots showing antioxidant activity as well as two additional areas with mixtures containing antioxidant compounds.
Abstract: Spirulina platensis contains several biologically active compounds, some of them with antioxidant activity. Nevertheless, not all of these compounds have been identified to date. As a first step to achieving such identification, a methodology to perform two-dimensional thin layer chromatography bioautographies on silica gel thin layer chromatography plates was proposed. Starting with a reference binary system, 5 other binary systems were tested, in which the relative polarity was systematically increased. To further improve the separation behavior, a phase modifier (NH4OH) was used. The best separation results were obtained with the isopropyl alcohol/ethyl acetate/NH4OH ternary system. This experimental system allowed four well-resolved spots showing antioxidant activity as well as two additional areas with mixtures containing antioxidant compounds. Although the proposed methodology was designed with a specific application, it would be predictable that its field of use could be considerably greater, making the convenient modifications on the solvent polarity and "masking level" produced by the ammonium derivatives.
Abstract: Planar chromatography was firstly introduced by Izmailow and Schreiber in 1938. Since then it has been used as a one of the basic techniques in liquid chromatography, but after introducing High Per...
TL;DR: The results revealed that the isolated substances exhibited antibacterial activity against all bacterial strains.
Abstract: In this study, thin-layer chromatography—contact bioautography (TLC—CB) was used for the bioassay-guided isolation of antibacterial compounds against Streptococcus mutans from ethanolic extract of Pinus merkusii heartwood. In the TLC—CB technique, clear inhibition zones at two major spots on the TLC plate were observed against S. mutans. The major separated anti-S. mutans compounds were isolated by a preparative TLC plate (silica gel) with the mobile phase composed of n-hexane and ethyl acetate (7:3 v/v). The isolated components were identified as dehydroabietic acid and resin acids. Resin acids were further purified by a pentafluorophenyl (PFP) high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) column using water and methanol as eluents. Isopimaric acid and abietic acid were obtained. The antibacterial properties of dehydroabietic acid, isopimaric acid, and abietic acid against four strains of S. mutans were evaluated using broth microdilution method. The results revealed that the isolated substances exhibited antibacterial activity against all bacterial strains.
TL;DR: In this article, 20 land mosses were extracted by double maceration and ultrasonic extraction techniques using the mixture of 80% ethanol and water using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) with silica gel.
Abstract: Twenty land mosses were extracted by double maceration and ultrasonic extraction techniques using the mixture of 80% ethanol and water. The obtained extracts were analyzed using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) with silica gel (the mobile phase was consisted of ethyl acetate–formic acid–acetic acid–water, 14.0:1.5:1.5:2.0, v/v) and RP-18 (the composition of eluent methanol–water–formic acid, 7.0:2.5:0.5, v/v) chromatographic plates. After developing and drying, the plates were sprayed using the Naturstoff reagent, and after drying, the chromatograms were photographed and the obtained images were processed using the ImageJ program. Principal component analysis was performed to confirm the chemical similarity between the studied moss extracts. The cytotoxic activity of the ethanolic extracts of Bryophyta species was studied using the cell lines CCRF/CEM and CEM. For most of the moss samples, the cytotoxic activity was confirmed.
TL;DR: Reported techniques and applications of thin layer chromatography (planar chromatography) for the separation, detection, qualitative and quantitative determination, and preparative isolation of pesticides and their metabolites are reviewed for the period from November 1, 2016 to November1, 2018.
Abstract: Publications reporting techniques and applications of thin layer chromatography (planar chromatography) for the separation, detection, qualitative and quantitative determination, and preparative is...
TL;DR: In this article, two novel, sensitive, and selective stability-indicating chromatographic methods were described for the analysis of zopiclone (ZOP) in the presence of its degradation products, namely, 7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-yl-4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate (hydrolytic DEG) and 5H-polycyclic pyrazine-5,7(6
Abstract: Two novel, sensitive, and selective stability-indicating chromatographic methods were described for the analysis of zopiclone (ZOP) in the presence of its degradation products, namely, 7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-yl-4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate (hydrolytic DEG) and 5H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7(6H)-dione (oxidative DEG), in drug substance and product. The first method was an isocratic reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) using Inertsil ODS3 (250 × 4 mm, 5 μm) column. Upon using HPLC, the run time could be reduced, and actually, the solvents consumption decreased. Quantification was achieved by detection wavelength at 237 nm, based on peak area. Chromatographic separation was performed over the range of 1–10 μg mL−1 with limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of 0.18 and 0.55 μg mL−1 and a mean recovery of 99.98 ± 0.55. The analysis was achieved at 30°C using a mixture of acetonitrile and water (50:50 v/v) as the mobile phase. The second method was thin-layer chromatography (TLC) applied for the separation and analysis of zopiclone in the presence of its alkaline, acidic, and oxidative degradation products. Chromatography was performed on silica gel 60 F254 plates with ethyl acetate–methanol–ammonia 33% (17:2:1 v/v) as the mobile phase. Successful resolution was observed with significant difference in the RF values, followed by densitometric measurement at 303 nm. Evaluation was carried out over the range of 0.1–2 μg per spot with a mean recovery of 100.52% ± 0.24. The developed methods were successfully applied to the analysis of ZOP in bulk powder, laboratory-prepared mixtures containing different percentages of its degradation products, and pharmaceutical dosage form. The degradation products were separated by HPLC as well as identified by TLC, infrared (IR), and mass spectrometry (MS) to confirm its structures and elucidate degradation pathway. The developed methods were validated as per the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The results obtained by the proposed methods were statistically compared with the reported methods revealing high accuracy and good precision.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used column chromatography and thin layer chromatography (TLC) for separation and purification of chemical constituents while the isolated pure compounds were identified using UV-VIS, IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectra.
Abstract: ObjectiveIn the present study, the plant Chamaecrista nigricans (Siruavuri in Tamil) was selected to isolate, elucidate and identify the chemical constituents present in it.MethodsLeaves were collected, shade-dried, coarsely powdered using a pulvarizor, successively extracted with various solvents of increasing polarity such as hexane, chloroform and methanol using Soxhlet apparatus. Methanol leaf extract was used for isolation and identification of chemical constituents. Column chromatography (CC) and thin layer chromatography (TLC) were used for separation and purification of chemical constituents while the isolated pure compounds were identified using UV-VIS, IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectra. GC-MS analysis was carried out to identify the chemical constituents.ResultsThree anthraquinones such as emodin, chrysophanol and physcion were isolated and identified. GC-MS analysis helped to identify diisooctyl ester 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, methyl ester, (Z, Z, Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, nitric acid nonyl ester, 4-C-methyl-myo-inositol, n-hexadecanoic acid, 2-methyl-butanoic acid, and, octadecanoic acid.ConclusionMedicinally valuable bioactive natural compounds in this plant proved its importance in drug industry for drug development against various diseases.
TL;DR: In this article, three phenolic compounds, pinostrobin, pinocembrin and 4-hydroxybenzaldehide have been isolated and identified for the first time from methanol extract of Anacardium occidentale L. stem bark.
Abstract: Three phenolic compounds, pinostrobin, pinocembrin and 4-hydroxybenzaldehide have been isolated and identified for the first time from methanol extract of Anacardium occidentale L. stem bark. The isolation was carried out using various techniques of chromatography such as thin layer chromatography, vacuum liquid chromatography and radial chromatography. Silica gel as adsorbent and a mixture of solvents as eluent were used during the separation process. Structures of the isolated compounds were determined by Fourier transforms infrared, mass and nuclear magnetic resonance (1- and 2-Dimensi) spectroscopies. Biological properties of the isolated compounds were evaluated against four strains of bacteria, Shigella dysenteriae ATCC 13313, Salmonella typhi YCTC, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC33591, and Escherichia coli ATCC 35219), as well as the radical scavenging potential in DPPH assay. Results indicated that pinocembrin was the most active isolated compound towards S. dysenteriae, S. typhi, methicillin-resistant S. aureus and E. coli, however in comparison to the MIC50 value of the standard, pinocembrin possessed low antibacterial activity. Meanwhile, 4-hydroxybenzaldehide showed the highest radical scavenger activity with IC50 value of 134.93±0.13 µM, but much lower compared to vitamin C with IC50 value of 63.32±0.22 µM.
TL;DR: This work isolated and analyzed for the first time a very stable multiprotein complex (SPC) from the soluble fraction of extracts of the sea urchin embryos, which contains not only proteins but also few dozens of peptides with molecular masses from 2 to 9.5 kDa.
Abstract: It was proposed that most biological processes are performed by different protein complexes. In contrast to individual proteins and enzymes, their complexes usually have other biological functions, and their formation may be important system process for the expansion of diversity and biological functions of different molecules. Identification and characterization of embryonic components including proteins and their multiprotein complexes seem to be very important for an understanding of embryo function. We have isolated and analyzed for the first time a very stable multiprotein complex (SPC; approximately 1100 kDa) from the soluble fraction of extracts of the sea urchin embryos. By fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) gel filtration the SPC was well separated from other extract proteins. Stable multiprotein complex is stable in different drastic conditions but dissociates moderately in the presence of 8M urea + 1.0M NaCl. According to sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis data, this complex contains many major, moderate and minor proteins with molecular masses from 10 to 95 kDa. The SPC was destroyed by 8M urea or SDS, and its components were separated using thin layer chromatography, ion-exchange chromatography, gel filtration, and reverse phase chromatography. Using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry of partially dissociated SPC, it was shown that the complex contains not only proteins (10-95 kDa) but also few dozens of peptides with molecular masses from 2 to 9.5 kDa. Short peptides form very strong complexes, which at the treatment of SPC with urea or SDS can be partially break down into smaller complexes having different peptide compositions. Reverse phase chromatography of these complexes after all type of abovementioned chromatographies led to detection from 6 to 11 distinct peaks corresponding to new complexes containing up to a few dozens of peptides. The SPCs possess alkaline phosphatase activity. Progress in the study of embryos protein complexes can help to understand their biological functions.
TL;DR: In this paper, the fingerprint analysis of kaempferol and quercetin has been developed simultaneously via High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) from leaves, stem, and inflorescence of Heteropogon contortus.
Abstract: Presently, the fingerprint analysis of kaempferol and quercetin has been developed simultaneously via High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) from leaves, stem, and inflorescence of Heteropogon contortus. The HPTLC method for kaempferol and quercetin was optimized with the elution of toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid (7:3:0.5 v/v) as a mobile phase. The fingerprint analysis of kaempferol and quercetin was developed at Rf values of 0.39 and 0.24, respectively, and densitometric evaluation was done at 254 nm. The linear regression data for the calibration curve of both the compounds show a good linear relationship in the concentration range of 2–12 nanogram spot−1. The suggested method has been validated in terms of limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ), precision, specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy. Present results show that maximum amount of kaempferol and quercetin is found in leaf extracts (35.80 and 17.01 milligram/gram of dry weight, respectively) of H. co...
TL;DR: Sub-minimum inhibitory concentration levels of Pseudoalteromonas ruthenica KLPp3 extract showed antibiofilm activity against Vibrio alginolyticus and Serratia marcescens.
Abstract: Sub-minimum inhibitory concentration levels of Pseudoalteromonas ruthenica KLPp3 extract showed antibiofilm activity against Vibrio alginolyticus and Serratia marcescens . The KLPp3 crude extract was fractionated by thin layer chromatography, flash chromatography, solid phase extraction and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography. The pure compounds were then identified using H-nuclear magnetic resonance, C-nuclear magnetic resonance, 2D-nuclear magnetic Resonance and mass spectrometry. Nine fractions were collected from purification with two active fractions. One fractions were identified belong to the family of diketopiperazine.
TL;DR: UA isolated from C. bungei leaves could inhibit growth and migration and induce apoptosis in HeLa cells and was determined to be ursolic acid (UA) based on the results of Sephadex column chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis.
Abstract: Background: Previous phytochemical studies showed that extracts from leaves and seed oil of Catalpa plants showed antioxidant and antitumor activities. However, the active components and their roles and molecular mechanisms were still incompletely identified. Objective: We aimed to extract and identify the active fraction from Catalpa bungei leaves and investigate its underlying mechanism in suppressing cervical cancer cell survival. Materials and Methods: Extracts from C. bungei leaves with 80% methanol were separated into different fractions. The component with optimal inhibitory effect on HeLa cell growth was isolated, identified, and examined. Results: Extracts from C. bungei leaves with methanol were separated into petroleum ether, ethyl acetate (EA), n-butanol, and water fractions. The chemicals in EA fraction exhibited optimal inhibition effects, which were further separated into 29 fractions by the silica column chromatography. The compound with optimal antitumor activity was eventually determined to be ursolic acid (UA) based on the results of Sephadex column chromatography and1H nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. UA at 5.0 and 10.0 μg/mL substantially inhibited the growth and migration of HeLa cells. UA also retarded cell cycle at G0/G1 stage and promoted cell apoptosis through activating death receptor and mitochondria-associated pathways. Conclusion: UA isolated from C. bungei leaves could inhibit growth and migration and induce apoptosis in HeLa cells.
Abbreviations used: UA: Ursolic acid; EA: Ethyl acetate; HPV: Human papillomavirus, PARP: Poly ADP-ribose polymeras; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; PBS: Phosphate buffered saline; SRB: Sulfonyl rhodamine B; DMSO: Dimethyl sulfoxide; TLC: Thin layer chromatography; NMR: Nuclear magnetic resonance; CAS: Chemical abstracts service.
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of the type of inorganic/organic additive on the retention of the studied compounds was evaluated and the chromatographic process was carried out with traditional mobile phase modifiers and 1-alkyl-imidazolium ionic liquid as separation enhancers, in the presence of chlorpromazine as internal standard.
Abstract: High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)–densitometric method of haloperidol (HP) and its two metabolites (reduced haloperidol [RHP], 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxypiperidine [CPHP]) from human plasma has been developed by use of mobile-phase additives. The influence of the type of inorganic/ organic additive on the retention of the studied compounds was evaluated. The chromatographic process was carried out with traditional mobile phase modifiers and 1-alkyl-imidazolium ionic liquid as separation enhancers, in the presence of chlorpromazine as internal standard. 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([emim][BF4]) ionic liquid offered good selectivity in comparison with traditional mobile phase additives. The studied drugs were well distributed as the RF values were 0.31 for chlorpromazine hydrochloride (CPZ), 0.38 for HP, 0.44 for CPHP, and 0.58 for RHP, respectively, with no apparent broadening and overlapping of spots. The test compounds were extracted using acetonitrile as precipitatio...
TL;DR: In this paper, a thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and a high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) methods were developed for the chemical profiling, qualitative and quantitative analysis of P.
Abstract: In this study, a thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and a high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) methods were developed for the chemical profiling, qualitative and quantitative analysis of P. ...
TL;DR: In this study, antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds were produced from a dates seeds powder containing medium by B. firmicutes, a bacterial strain isolated from Al-Ain Alhara hot springs located in Gazan area in Saudi Arabia.
Abstract: In this study, antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds were produced from a dates seeds powder containing medium by B. firmicutes, a bacterial strain isolated from Al-Ain Alhara hot springs located in Gazan area in Saudi Arabia. The Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) of culture supernatant of B. firmicutes by the phosphomolybdenum was 2.5 mg/ml of culture medium, the total phenolic compounds is 5.3 mg/ml of culture medium and radical scavenging activity was done by DPPH. The greatest scavenging rate of antioxidants was 60%. In addition, its antibacterial activity was performed after treatment the culture medium with methanol or ethyl acetate. As antimicrobial ethyl acetate, extract is more effective than methanol. In both ethyl acetate and methanol extract the highest antibacterial activity was observed against E. faecalis with a maximum diameter inhibition zone of 25 mm, 15 mm respectively while, the lowest activity was detected against P. aeruginosa with inhibition diameter zone 14 mm and 10 mm respectively. Analysis by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) for ethyl acetate and methanol extracts revealed the presence one spot in the front in ethyl acetate while the spot of methanol come latter and maybe have another spot. The molecular mass of ethyl acetate extract was 304.53 m/z and methanol extract was 701.57 m/z as determined by MS.
TL;DR: In this paper, the details of performing the essential steps in the analysis of both thin-layer chromatography is discussed, which is a convenient analytical tool for analysis of sunscreen containing products.
Abstract: Thin-layer chromatography is a convenient analytical tool for the analysis of sunscreen containing products. This paper covers the details of performing the essential steps in the analysis of both ...
TL;DR: In this paper, a study was carried out to isolate and characterise Lupeol Acetate from the leaves of Tapinanthus globiferus, which was extracted for 24 hours with n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol solvents.
Abstract: A study was carried out to isolate and characterise Lupeol Acetate from the leaves of Tapinanthus globiferus . The dried pulverized plant material was extracted for 24 hours with n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol solvents. The /n-hexane fraction obtained was subjected to column chromatography followed by preparative thin layer chromatography, which resulted in isolation of a colourless crystalline compound. The spectral data ( 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR and FTIR) and literature comparison infer that the isolated compound is a pentacyclic triterpenoid namely Lupeol Acetate. Keywords : Tapinanthus globiferus , Lupeol Acetate, Structure elucidation
TL;DR: Efficient removal of endogenous phospholipids was demonstrated, and good resolution in nano LC analysis of Lac-Sph-BODIPY extracted from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 cells was achieved, and the amount of exogenously added compound was important in the investigation of metabolites using cultured cells.