Institution
Lafayette College
Education•Easton, Pennsylvania, United States•
About: Lafayette College is a education organization based out in Easton, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Pulsar & Population. The organization has 2025 authors who have published 3856 publications receiving 72908 citations.
Topics: Pulsar, Population, Biomphalaria glabrata, Radar, Matroid
Papers published on a yearly basis
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Broad Institute1, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center2, Sainsbury Laboratory3, Uppsala University4, Wageningen University and Research Centre5, Virginia Bioinformatics Institute6, University of California, Riverside7, University of Aberdeen8, Scottish Crop Research Institute9, University of Warwick10, Agricultural Research Service11, Royal Institute of Technology12, Cornell University13, Oregon State University14, Lafayette College15, University of Glasgow16, Harvard University17, Delaware Biotechnology Institute18, North Carolina State University19, University of Delaware20, University of Tennessee21, University of Maryland, Baltimore22, Vanderbilt University23, College of Wooster24, Bowling Green State University25, Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre26, J. Craig Venter Institute27, Tel Aviv University28, University of Wisconsin-Madison29, University of Hohenheim30, University of Dundee31
TL;DR: The sequence of the P. infestans genome is reported, which at ∼240 megabases (Mb) is by far the largest and most complex genome sequenced so far in the chromalveolates and probably plays a crucial part in the rapid adaptability of the pathogen to host plants and underpins its evolutionary potential.
Abstract: Phytophthora infestans is the most destructive pathogen of potato and a model organism for the oomycetes, a distinct lineage of fungus-like eukaryotes that are related to organisms such as brown algae and diatoms. As the agent of the Irish potato famine in the mid-nineteenth century, P. infestans has had a tremendous effect on human history, resulting in famine and population displacement(1). To this day, it affects world agriculture by causing the most destructive disease of potato, the fourth largest food crop and a critical alternative to the major cereal crops for feeding the world's population(1). Current annual worldwide potato crop losses due to late blight are conservatively estimated at $6.7 billion(2). Management of this devastating pathogen is challenged by its remarkable speed of adaptation to control strategies such as genetically resistant cultivars(3,4). Here we report the sequence of the P. infestans genome, which at similar to 240 megabases (Mb) is by far the largest and most complex genome sequenced so far in the chromalveolates. Its expansion results from a proliferation of repetitive DNA accounting for similar to 74% of the genome. Comparison with two other Phytophthora genomes showed rapid turnover and extensive expansion of specific families of secreted disease effector proteins, including many genes that are induced during infection or are predicted to have activities that alter host physiology. These fast-evolving effector genes are localized to highly dynamic and expanded regions of the P. infestans genome. This probably plays a crucial part in the rapid adaptability of the pathogen to host plants and underpins its evolutionary potential.
1,341 citations
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University of Virginia1, McGill University2, National Radio Astronomy Observatory3, Goddard Space Flight Center4, West Virginia University5, Lafayette College6, Hillsdale College7, Durham University8, University of East Anglia9, University of Maryland, College Park10, First Green Bank11, University of Toronto12, University of British Columbia13, Hungarian Academy of Sciences14, Swinburne University of Technology15, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee16, Chinese Academy of Sciences17
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the mass of the MSP J0740+6620 to be ${\mathbf{2.14} + 2.09} + 0.10% credibility interval.
Abstract: Despite its importance to our understanding of physics at supranuclear densities, the equation of state (EoS) of matter deep within neutron stars remains poorly understood. Millisecond pulsars (MSPs) are among the most useful astrophysical objects in the Universe for testing fundamental physics, and place some of the most stringent constraints on this high-density EoS. Pulsar timing—the process of accounting for every rotation of a pulsar over long time periods—can precisely measure a wide variety of physical phenomena, including those that allow the measurement of the masses of the components of a pulsar binary system1. One of these, called relativistic Shapiro delay2, can yield precise masses for both an MSP and its companion; however, it is only easily observed in a small subset of high-precision, highly inclined (nearly edge-on) binary pulsar systems. By combining data from the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) 12.5-yr data set with recent orbital-phase-specific observations using the Green Bank Telescope, we have measured the mass of the MSP J0740+6620 to be $${\mathbf{2}}{\mathbf{.14}}_{ - {\mathbf{0}}{\mathbf{.09}}}^{ + {\mathbf{0}}{\mathbf{.10}}}$$ M⊙ (68.3% credibility interval; the 95.4% credibility interval is $${\mathbf{2}}{\mathbf{.14}}_{ - {\mathbf{0}}{\mathbf{.18}}}^{ + {\mathbf{0}}{\mathbf{.20}}}$$ M⊙). It is highly likely to be the most massive neutron star yet observed, and serves as a strong constraint on the neutron star interior EoS. Cromartie et al. have probably found the most massive neutron star discovered so far by combining NANOGrav 12.5-yr data with radio data from the Green Bank Telescope. Millisecond pulsar J0740+6620 has a mass of 2.14 M⊙, ~0.1 M⊙ more massive than the previous record holder, and very close to the upper limit on neutron star masses from Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory measurements.
770 citations
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Cornell University1, Tel Aviv University2, Arecibo Observatory3, Lafayette College4, Harvard University5, University of Crete6, Carnegie Institution for Science7, University of Wales8, National University of Cordoba9, University of Milan10, National Radio Astronomy Observatory11, INAF12, Special Astrophysical Observatory13, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv14, Union College15, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation16, University of Michigan17, University of Puerto Rico18, Wesleyan University19, University of Minnesota20, Spanish National Research Council21, University of Barcelona22, Indiana University23
TL;DR: The ALFALFA project as discussed by the authors uses a two-pass, minimum intrusion, drift scan observing technique that samples the same region of sky at two separate epochs to aid in the discrimination of cosmic signals from noise and terrestrial interference.
Abstract: The recently initiated Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA (ALFALFA) survey aims to map ~7000 deg2 of the high Galactic latitude sky visible from Arecibo, providing a H I line spectral database covering the redshift range between -1600 and 18,000 km (s-1) with ~5 km s(-1) resolution. Exploiting Arecibo's large collecting area and small beam size, ALFALFA is specifically designed to probe the faint end of the H I mass function in the local universe and will provide a census of H I in the surveyed sky area to faint flux limits, making it especially useful in synergy with wide-area surveys conducted at other wavelengths. ALFALFA will also provide the basis for studies of the dynamics of galaxies within the Local Supercluster and nearby superclusters, allow measurement of the H I diameter function, and enable a first wide-area blind search for local H I tidal features, H I absorbers at z < 0.06, and OH megamasers in the redshift range 0.16 < z < 0.25. Although completion of the survey will require some 5 years, public access to the ALFALFA data and data products will be provided in a timely manner, thus allowing its application for studies beyond those targeted by the ALFALFA collaboration. ALFALFA adopts a two-pass, minimum intrusion, drift scan observing technique that samples the same region of sky at two separate epochs to aid in the discrimination of cosmic signals from noise and terrestrial interference. Survey simulations, which take into account large-scale structure in the mass distribution and incorporate experience with the ALFA system gained from tests conducted during its commissioning phase, suggest that ALFALFA will detect on the order of 20,000 extragalactic H I line sources out to z ~ 0.06, including several hundred with H I masses M(HI) < 10(7.5) M ?.
768 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, an asset-based alternative to the standard use of expenditures in defining well-being and poverty is considered, and the authors find that the asset index is a valid predictor of a crucial manifestation of poverty.
Abstract: We consider an asset-based alternative to the standard use of expenditures in defining well-being and poverty. Our motivation is to see if there exist simpler and less demanding ways to collect data to measure economic welfare and rank households. This is particularly important in poor regions where there is limited capacity to collect consumption, expenditure and price data. We evaluate an index derived from a factor analysis on household assets using multipurpose surveys from several countries. We find that the asset index is a valid predictor of a crucial manifestation of poverty—child health and nutrition. Indicators of relative measurement error show that the asset index is measured as a proxy for long-term wealth with less error than expenditures. Analysts may thus prefer to use the asset index as an explanatory variable or as a means of mapping economic welfare to other living standards and capabilities such as health and nutrition.
748 citations
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Cornell University1, Max Planck Society2, Lafayette College3, National Radio Astronomy Observatory4, Union College5, California Institute of Technology6, Colgate University7, West Texas A&M University8, Georgia Southern University9, Humboldt State University10, St. Lawrence University11, Saint Mary's College of California12, George Mason University13, Royal Military College of Canada14, Hartwick College15, University of Wisconsin-Madison16
TL;DR: The α.40 catalog of 21 cm H I line sources extracted from the Arecibo Legacy Fast arecibo L-band Feed Array (ALFALFA) survey over ~2800 deg^2 of sky is presented in this article.
Abstract: We present a current catalog of 21 cm H I line sources extracted from the Arecibo Legacy Fast Arecibo L-band Feed Array (ALFALFA) survey over ~2800 deg^2 of sky: the α.40 catalog. Covering 40% of the final survey area, the α.40 catalog contains 15,855 sources in the regions 07^h30^m < R.A. < 16^h30^m, +04° < decl. <+16°, and +24° < decl. <+28° and 22^h < R.A. < 03^h, +14° < decl. <+16°, and +24° < decl. < + 32°. Of those, 15,041 are certainly extragalactic, yielding a source density of 5.3 galaxies per deg^2, a factor of 29 improvement over the catalog extracted from the H I Parkes All-Sky Survey. In addition to the source centroid positions, H I line flux densities, recessional velocities, and line widths, the catalog includes the coordinates of the most probable optical counterpart of each H I line detection, and a separate compilation provides a cross-match to identifications given in the photometric and spectroscopic catalogs associated with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7. Fewer than 2% of the extragalactic H I line sources cannot be identified with a feasible optical counterpart; some of those may be rare OH megamasers at 0.16 < z < 0.25. A detailed analysis is presented of the completeness, width-dependent sensitivity function and bias inherent of the α.40 catalog. The impact of survey selection, distance errors, current volume coverage, and local large-scale structure on the derivation of the H I mass function is assessed. While α.40 does not yet provide a completely representative sampling of cosmological volume, derivations of the H I mass function using future data releases from ALFALFA will further improve both statistical and systematic uncertainties.
741 citations
Authors
Showing all 2049 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Menachem Elimelech | 157 | 547 | 95285 |
William J. Collins | 82 | 316 | 28395 |
Milind Tambe | 79 | 701 | 25866 |
Arnold L. Rheingold | 75 | 1392 | 33260 |
Carmen J. Marsit | 74 | 337 | 19232 |
Arnold L. Rheingold | 74 | 768 | 24947 |
David J. Nice | 61 | 191 | 14098 |
Frank J. Fabozzi | 60 | 845 | 15469 |
Matthew D. Taylor | 58 | 484 | 15024 |
Julie Ahringer | 58 | 108 | 23798 |
David White | 55 | 520 | 11856 |
H. Scott Fogler | 53 | 162 | 8549 |
Barry P. Sleckman | 51 | 143 | 10697 |
Bernard D. Goldstein | 48 | 274 | 7842 |
Steven Buyske | 44 | 125 | 11177 |