R
R. Brakel
Researcher at Max Planck Society
Publications - 114
Citations - 2466
R. Brakel is an academic researcher from Max Planck Society. The author has contributed to research in topics: Stellarator & Divertor. The author has an hindex of 25, co-authored 112 publications receiving 2229 citations.
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Journal ArticleDOI
Major results from the stellarator Wendelstein 7-AS (Review Article)
M. Hirsch,J. Baldzuhn,C. D. Beidler,R. Brakel,R. Burhenn,Andreas Dinklage,H. Ehmler,M. Endler,V. Erckmann,Y. Feng,J. Geiger,L. Giannone,G. Grieger,P. Grigull,H. J. Hartfuss,D. A. Hartmann,R. Jaenicke,R. König,H. P. Laqua,H. Maassberg,K. McCormick,F. Sardei,E. Speth,Ulrich Stroth,Friedrich E. Wagner,A. Weller,A. Werner,S. Zoletnik,W As Team +28 more
TL;DR: Wendelstein 7-AS was the first modular stellarator device to test some basic elements of stellarator optimization: a reduced Shafranov shift and improved stability properties resulted in β-values up to 3.4% as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Overview of first Wendelstein 7-X high-performance operation
Thomas Klinger,Thomas Klinger,Tamara Andreeva,S. Bozhenkov,Christian Brandt,R. Burhenn,B. Buttenschön,G. Fuchert,Benedikt Geiger,Olaf Grulke,Olaf Grulke,H. P. Laqua,N. A. Pablant,Kian Rahbarnia,Torsten Stange,A. von Stechow,Naoki Tamura,H. Thomsen,Yu. Turkin,T. Wegner,I. Abramovic,Simppa Äkäslompolo,J. A. Alcuson,P. Aleynikov,K. Aleynikova,Adnan Ali,A. Alonso,G. Anda,E. Ascasíbar,J.P. Bähner,Seung Gyou Baek,M. Balden,J. Baldzuhn,M. Banduch,T. Barbui,Wilfried Behr,C. D. Beidler,A. Benndorf,Christoph Biedermann,Wolfgang Biel,Boyd Blackwell,E. Blanco,M. Blatzheim,S. B. Ballinger,Torsten Bluhm,D. Böckenhoff,B. Böswirth,L.-G. Böttger,L.-G. Böttger,M. Borchardt,V. Borsuk,J. Boscary,Hans-Stephan Bosch,M. N. A. Beurskens,R. Brakel,H. Brand,T. Bräuer,H. Braune,S. Brezinsek,Kai Jakob Brunner,R. Bussiahn,V. Bykov,J. Cai,Ivan Calvo,Barbara Cannas,A. Cappa,A. Carls,D. Carralero,L. Carraro,Bernardo B. Carvalho,Francisco Castejón,A. Charl,N. Chaudhary,Didier Chauvin,F. V. Chernyshev,Mark Cianciosa,Roberto Guglielmo Citarella,G. Claps,J. W. Coenen,Michael Cole,M.J. Cole,Francesco Cordella,Gábor Cseh,A. Czarnecka,K. Czerski,M. Czerwinski,G. Czymek,A. da Molin,A. da Silva,H. Damm,A. de la Peña,S. Degenkolbe,Chandra Prakash Dhard,M. Dibon,Andreas Dinklage,T. Dittmar,Michael Drevlak,P. Drewelow,P. Drews,F. Durodié,E.M. Edlund,P. van Eeten,Florian Effenberg,G. Ehrke,S. Elgeti,M. Endler,David Ennis,H. Esteban,T. Estrada,Joris Fellinger,Y. Feng,E. Flom,Horacio Fernandes,Walter H. Fietz,W. Figacz,J M Fontdecaba,O. P. Ford,T. Fornal,H. Frerichs,Alexandra M. Freund,T. Funaba,A. Galkowski,Gerd Gantenbein,Yu Gao,J. M. García Regaña,David Gates,J. Geiger,Venanzio Giannella,A. Gogoleva,B. Gonçalves,A. Goriaev,Dorothea Gradic,M. Grahl,Jonathan T. Green,H. Greuner,A. Grosman,Heinz Grote,M. Gruca,C. Guerard,P. Hacker,X. Han,J. H. Harris,D. A. Hartmann,Dag Hathiramani,B. Hein,Bernd Heinemann,Per Helander,Per Helander,S. A. Henneberg,Malte Henkel,J.M. Hernández Sánchez,C. Hidalgo,M. Hirsch,K. P. Hollfeld,U. Höfel,A. Hölting,D. Höschen,M. Houry,J. Howard,X. Huang,Z. Huang,M. Hubeny,Martina Huber,H. Hunger,Katsumi Ida,T. Ilkei,Stefan Illy,B. Israeli,S. Jablonski,M. W. Jakubowski,John Jelonnek,H. Jenzsch,T. Jesche,M. Jia,P. Junghanns,J. Kacmarczyk,J. P. Kallmeyer,U. Kamionka,Hiroshi Kasahara,W. Kasparek,Ye. O. Kazakov,Naoki Kenmochi,Carsten Killer,A. Kirschner,R. Kleiber,J. P. Knauer,M. Knaup,A. Knieps,T. Kobarg,G. Kocsis,F. Köchl,Ya. I. Kolesnichenko,Axel Könies,R. König,P. Kornejew,J. P. Koschinsky,F. Köster,Michael Kramer,R. Krampitz,A. Krämer-Flecken,N. Krawczyk,T. Kremeyer,J. Krom,M. Krychowiak,I. Ksiazek,Monika Kubkowska,Georg Kühner,Taina Kurki-Suonio,P.A. Kurz,Sehyun Kwak,Matt Landreman,Peter Lang,R. Lang,Andreas Langenberg,S. Langish,Heinrich P. Laqua,R. Laube,Samuel Lazerson,Carsten Lechte,M. Lennartz,W. Leonhardt,C. Li,Y. Li,Yunfeng Liang,Ch. Linsmeier,S. C. Liu,Jim-Felix Lobsien,D. Loesser,J. Loizu Cisquella,Jeremy Lore,A. Lorenz,M. Losert,A. Lücke,Arnold Lumsdaine,V. V. Lutsenko,H. Maaßberg,O. Marchuk,J.H. Matthew,S. Marsen,M. Marushchenko,Suguru Masuzaki,David Maurer,M. Mayer,K. J. McCarthy,P. McNeely,Andreas Meier,D. Mellein,B. Mendelevitch,Ph. Mertens,D. R. Mikkelsen,Alexey Mishchenko,B. Missal,J. Mittelstaedt,T. Mizuuchi,Albert Mollén,V. Moncada,T. Mönnich,Tomohiro Morisaki,Dmitry Moseev,S. Murakami,Gábor Náfrádi,M. Nagel,Dirk Naujoks,H. Neilson,R. Neu,Olaf Neubauer,Ulrich Neuner,T. Ngo,Dirk Nicolai,Stefan Kragh Nielsen,Holger Niemann,T. Nishizawa,Riccardo Nocentini,C. Nührenberg,J. Nührenberg,S. Obermayer,G. Offermanns,Kunihiro Ogawa,J. Ölmanns,J. Ongena,J. W. Oosterbeek,G. Orozco,Matthias Otte,L. Pacios Rodriguez,N. Panadero,N. Panadero Alvarez,Daniel Papenfuß,S. Paqay,E. Pasch,Andrea Pavone,Ewa Pawelec,Thomas Sunn Pedersen,Thomas Sunn Pedersen,G. Pelka,V. Perseo,B.J. Peterson,D. Pilopp,S. Pingel,Fabio Pisano,Burkhard Plaum,Gabriel G. Plunk,P. Pölöskei,Miklos Porkolab,J. H. E. Proll,M. E. Puiatti,A. Puig Sitjes,F. Purps,M. Rack,S. Récsei,A. H. Reiman,F. Reimold,Detlev Reiter,F. Remppel,S. Renard,R. Riedl,J. Riemann,K. Risse,V. Rohde,H. Röhlinger,Massimiliano Romé,D. Rondeshagen,P. Rong,B. Roth,L. Rudischhauser,K. Rummel,Th. Rummel,A. Runov,N. Rust,L. Ryć,S. Ryosuke,R. Sakamoto,Mirko Salewski,Andrey Samartsev,E. Sánchez,Fumimichi Sano,Shinsuke Satake,Jörg Schacht,G. Satheeswaran,Felix Schauer,T.A. Scherer,Jonathan Schilling,Andreas Schlaich,G. Schlisio,F. Schluck,K. H. Schlüter,J.C. Schmitt,H. Schmitz,Oliver Schmitz,S. Schmuck,Matthias F. Schneider,Wolf-Dieter Schneider,P. Scholz,R. Schrittwieser,M. Schröder,T. Schröder,R. Schroeder,H. Schumacher,B. Schweer,E. R. Scott,S. Sereda,B. Shanahan,M. Sibilia,P. Sinha,S. Sipliä,C. Slaby,M. Sleczka,H. M. Smith,W. Spiess,Donald A. Spong,Anett Spring,R. Stadler,Morten Stejner,Laurie Stephey,U. Stridde,C. Suzuki,J. Svensson,V. Szabó,T. Szabolics,Tamás Szepesi,Z. Szökefalvi-Nagy,A. Tancetti,J.L. Terry,J. P. Thomas,Manfred Thumm,J.-M. Travere,Peter Traverso,J. Tretter,H. Trimino Mora,Hayato Tsuchiya,Toru Ii Tsujimura,S. Tulipán,B. Unterberg,I. Vakulchyk,S. Valet,L. Vano,B. van Milligen,A. van Vuuren,Luis Vela Vela,José Luis Velasco,M. Vergote,M. Vervier,N. Vianello,H. Viebke,R. Vilbrandt,A. Vorköper,S. Wadle,F. Wagner,E. Wang,Nengchao Wang,Zhirui Wang,Felix Warmer,T. Wauters,L. Wegener,Jörg Weggen,Y. Wei,G. M. Weir,J. Wendorf,U. Wenzel,A. Werner,Anne White,B. Wiegel,Fabian Wilde,T. Windisch,M. Winkler,A. Winter,Victoria Winters,S. Wolf,R. C. Wolf,R. C. Wolf,A.H. Wright,G. A. Wurden,P. Xanthopoulos,Hiroshi Yamada,I. Yamada,Ryo Yasuhara,M. Yokoyama,M. Zanini,M. C. Zarnstorff,A. Zeitler,D. Zhang,H. Zhang,Jiawu Zhu,Manfred Zilker,Alessandro Zocco,S. Zoletnik,Matteo Zuin +445 more
TL;DR: The Wendelstein 7-X superconducting stellarator was used for the first high-performance plasma operation as discussed by the authors, achieving densities of up to 4.5 GHz with helium gas fueling.
Journal ArticleDOI
New advanced operational regime on the W7-AS stellarator
K. McCormick,P. Grigull,R. Burhenn,R. Brakel,H. Ehmler,Y. Feng,F. Gadelmeier,L. Giannone,D. Hildebrandt,M. Hirsch,R. Jaenicke,J. Kisslinger,T. Klinger,S. Klose,J. P. Knauer,R. König,Georg Kühner,H. P. Laqua,Dirk Naujoks,H. Niedermeyer,E. Pasch,N. Ramasubramanian,N. Rust,F. Sardei,Friedrich E. Wagner,A. Weller,U. Wenzel,A. Werner +27 more
TL;DR: A promising new plasma operational regime on the Wendelstein stellarator W7-AS has been discovered, extant above a threshold density and characterized by flat density profiles, high energy and low impurity confinement times, and edge-localized radiation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Major results from the first plasma campaign of the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator
R. C. Wolf,Adnan Ali,A. Alonso,J. Baldzuhn,C. D. Beidler,M. N. A. Beurskens,Christoph Biedermann,Hans-Stephan Bosch,S. A. Bozhenkov,R. Brakel,Andreas Dinklage,Y. Feng,G. Fuchert,J. Geiger,Olaf Grulke,Per Helander,M. Hirsch,U. Höfel,M. W. Jakubowski,J. P. Knauer,G. Kocsis,R. König,P. Kornejew,A. Krämer-Flecken,M. Krychowiak,Matt Landreman,Andreas Langenberg,Heinrich P. Laqua,Samuel Lazerson,H. Maaßberg,S. Marsen,M. Marushchenko,Dmitry Moseev,Holger Niemann,N. A. Pablant,E. Pasch,Kian Rahbarnia,G. Schlisio,Torsten Stange,T. Sunn Pedersen,J. Svensson,Tamás Szepesi,H. Trimino Mora,Yu. Turkin,Tom Wauters,G. M. Weir,U. Wenzel,T. Windisch,G. A. Wurden,D. Zhang,I. Abramovic,Simppa Äkäslompolo,P. Aleynikov,K. Aleynikova,Robertas Alzbutas,G. Anda,Tamara Andreeva,E. Ascasíbar,J. Assmann,Seung Gyou Baek,M. Banduch,T. Barbui,Marek Barlak,K. Baumann,Wilfried Behr,A. Benndorf,O. Bertuch,Wolfgang Biel,D. Birus,Boyd Blackwell,E. Blanco,M. Blatzheim,Torsten Bluhm,D. Böckenhoff,P. Bolgert,M. Borchardt,V. Borsuk,J. Boscary,L.-G. Böttger,H. Brand,Ch. Brandt,T. Bräuer,H. Braune,S. Brezinsek,Kai Jakob Brunner,B. Brünner,R. Burhenn,B. Buttenschön,V. Bykov,Ivan Calvo,Barbara Cannas,A. Cappa,A. Carls,L. Carraro,Bernardo B. Carvalho,Francisco Castejón,A. Charl,F. V. Chernyshev,Mark Cianciosa,Roberto Guglielmo Citarella,Łukasz Ciupiński,G. Claps,Michael Cole,M.J. Cole,Francesco Cordella,Gábor Cseh,A. Czarnecka,A. Czermak,K. Czerski,M. Czerwinski,G. Czymek,A. da Molin,A. da Silva,Günter Dammertz,J. R. Danielson,A. de la Peña,S. Degenkolbe,P. Denner,D.P. Dhard,M. Dostal,Michael Drevlak,P. Drewelow,Ph. Drews,A. Dudek,Gintautas Dundulis,F. Durodié,P. van Eeten,Florian Effenberg,G. Ehrke,M. Endler,David Ennis,E. Erckmann,H. Esteban,T. Estrada,N. Fahrenkamp,J.-H. Feist,Joris Fellinger,Horacio Fernandes,Walter H. Fietz,W. Figacz,J M Fontdecaba,O. P. Ford,T. Fornal,H. Frerichs,Alexandra M. Freund,M. Führer,T. Funaba,A. Galkowski,Gerd Gantenbein,Yu Gao,J. M. García Regaña,M. Garcia-Munoz,David Gates,Grzegorz Gawlik,Benedikt Geiger,Venanzio Giannella,N. Gierse,A. Gogoleva,B. Gonçalves,A. Goriaev,D. Gradic,M. Grahl,Jonathan T. Green,A. Grosman,Heinz Grote,M. Gruca,C. Guerard,L. Haiduk,X. Han,F. Harberts,J. H. Harris,H.-J. Hartfuß,D. A. Hartmann,Dag Hathiramani,B. Hein,Bernd Heinemann,P.J. Heitzenroeder,S. A. Henneberg,Christine Hennig,J.M. Hernández Sánchez,C. Hidalgo,H. Hölbe,K. P. Hollfeld,A. Hölting,D. Höschen,M. Houry,John Howard,X. Huang,Martina Huber,V. Huber,H. Hunger,Katsumi Ida,T. Ilkei,Stefan Illy,B. Israeli,A. A. Ivanov,S. Jablonski,Jacek Jagielski,John Jelonnek,H. Jenzsch,P. Junghans,J. Kacmarczyk,Tadas Kaliatka,J. P. Kallmeyer,U. Kamionka,R. Karalevicius,Hiroshi Kasahara,W. Kasparek,Naoki Kenmochi,M. Keunecke,A. Khilchenko,D. Kinna,R. Kleiber,Thomas Klinger,M. Knaup,Th. Kobarg,F. Köchl,Ya. I. Kolesnichenko,Axel Könies,Martin Köppen,J. Koshurinov,R. Koslowski,F. Köster,R. Koziol,Michael Kramer,R. Krampitz,P. Kraszewsk,N. Krawczyk,T. Kremeyer,T. Krings,J. Krom,G. Krzesiński,I. Ksiazek,Monika Kubkowska,Georg Kühner,Taina Kurki-Suonio,Sehyun Kwak,R. Lang,S. Langish,H. P. Laqua,R. Laube,Carsten Lechte,M. Lennartz,W. Leonhardt,L. Lewerentz,Yunfeng Liang,Ch. Linsmeier,S. C. Liu,Jim-Felix Lobsien,D. Loesser,J. Loizu Cisquella,Jeremy Lore,A. Lorenz,M. Losert,L. V. Lubyako,A. Lücke,Arnold Lumsdaine,V. V. Lutsenko,J. Majano-Brown,O. Marchuk,M. Mardenfeld,P. Marek,S. Massidda,Suguru Masuzaki,David Maurer,K. J. McCarthy,P. McNeely,Andreas Meier,D. Mellein,B. Mendelevitch,Ph. Mertens,D. R. Mikkelsen,O. Mishchenko,B. Missal,J. Mittelstaedt,T. Mizuuchi,Albert Mollén,V. Moncada,T. Mönnich,T. Morizaki,R. Munk,Sadayoshi Murakami,F. Musielok,Gábor Náfrádi,M. Nagel,Dirk Naujoks,H. Neilson,Olaf Neubauer,Ulrich Neuner,T. Ngo,Riccardo Nocentini,C. Nührenberg,J. Nührenberg,S. Obermayer,G. Offermanns,Kunihiro Ogawa,J. Ongena,J. W. Oosterbeek,G. Orozco,Matthias Otte,L. Pacios Rodriguez,W. Pan,N. Panadero,N. Panadero Alvarez,Anatoly Panin,Daniel Papenfuß,S. Paqay,Andrea Pavone,Ewa Pawelec,G. Pelka,X. Peng,V. Perseo,B.J. Peterson,A. Pieper,D. Pilopp,S. Pingel,Fabio Pisano,Burkhard Plaum,Gabriel G. Plunk,Mantas Povilaitis,Josef Preinhaelter,J. H. E. Proll,M. E. Puiatti,A. Puig Sitjes,F. Purps,M. Rack,S. Récsei,A. H. Reiman,Detlev Reiter,F. Remppel,S. Renard,R. Riedl,J. Riemann,Sigitas Rimkevicius,K. Riße,A. Rodatos,H. Röhlinger,Massimiliano Romé,P. Rong,H.-J. Roscher,B. Roth,L. Rudischhauser,K. Rummel,Th. Rummel,A. Runov,N. Rust,L. Ryć,S. Ryosuke,R. Sakamoto,Andrey Samartsev,María Sánchez,Fumimichi Sano,Shinsuke Satake,G. Satheeswaran,Jörg Schacht,Felix Schauer,T.A. Scherer,Andreas Schlaich,K. H. Schlüter,J.C. Schmitt,H. Schmitz,Oliver Schmitz,S. Schmuck,Matthias F. Schneider,Wolf-Dieter Schneider,Marek Scholz,P. Scholz,R. Schrittwieser,M. Schröder,T. Schröder,R. Schroeder,H. Schumacher,B. Schweer,B. Shanahan,I.V. Shikhovtsev,M. Sibilia,P. Sinha,S. Sipliä,Jan Skodzik,C. Slaby,H. M. Smith,W. Spiess,Donald A. Spong,Anett Spring,R. Stadler,B. Standley,Laurie Stephey,M. R. Stoneking,U. Stridde,Z. Sulek,Clifford M Surko,Yasuhiro Suzuki,V. Szabó,T. Szabolics,Z. Szökefalvi-Nagy,Naoki Tamura,Alexis Terra,J.L. Terry,J. Thomas,H. Thomsen,Manfred Thumm,C.P. von Thun,Dirk Timmermann,Peter Titus,K. Toi,J.-M. Travere,Peter Traverso,J. Tretter,Hayato Tsuchiya,Toru Ii Tsujimura,S. Tulipán,M. Turnyanskiy,B. Unterberg,Jakub Urban,Egidijus Urbonavicius,I. Vakulchyk,S. Valet,B. van Millingen,Luis Vela Vela,José Luis Velasco,M. Vergote,M. Vervier,N. Vianello,H. Viebke,R. Vilbrandt,A. Vorkörper,S. Wadle,F. Wagner,E. Wang,Nengchao Wang,Felix Warmer,L. Wegener,Jörg Weggen,Y. Wei,J. Wendorf,A. Werner,B. Wiegel,Fabian Wilde,E. Winkler,Victoria Winters,S. Wolf,J. Wolowski,A.H. Wright,P. Xanthopoulos,Hiroshi Yamada,I. Yamada,Ryo Yasuhara,M. Yokoyama,J. Zajac,M. C. Zarnstorff,A. Zeitler,Han Zhang,Jiawu Zhu,M. Zilker,Andreas Zimbal,Alessandro Zocco,S. Zoletnik,Matteo Zuin +457 more
TL;DR: The Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) as mentioned in this paper is a state-of-the-art ECRH-based system for plasma start-up and operation using electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH).
Journal ArticleDOI
H mode of the W 7-AS stellarator.
V. Erckmann,Friedrich E. Wagner,J. Baldzuhn,R. Brakel,R. Burhenn,U. Gasparino,P. Grigull,H. J. Hartfuss,J. V. Hofmann,R. Jaenicke,H. Niedermeyer,W. Ohlendorf,A. Rudyj,A. Weller,S. D. Bogdanov,B. Bomba,A. A. Borschegovsky,G. Cattanei,A. Dodhy,D. Dorst,A. Elsner,M. Endler,T. Geist,L. Giannone,H. Hacker,O. Heinrich,G. Herre,D. Hildebrandt,V. I. Hiznyak,V. I. Ilin,W. Kasparek,F. Karger,M. Kick,S. Kubo,A. N. Kuftin,V. I. Kurbatov,A. Lazaros,S. A. Malygin,V. I. Malygin,K. McCormick,G. A. Müller,V. B. Orlov,P. Pech,H. Ringler,I. N. Roi,F. Sardei,S. Sattler,F. Schneider,Ulrich Schneider,P. G. Schüller,G. Siller,Ulrich Stroth,M. Tutter,E. Unger,H. Wolff,E. Würsching,S. Zöpfel +56 more
TL;DR: In this article, the [ital H] mode has been observed for the first time in a currentless stellarator plasma, where the edge localized modes (ELMs) have been observed in a shear-free stellarator without toroidal current.