Sara Montagnese

TL;DR: These Clinical Practice Guidelines review the present knowledge in the field of nutrition in chronic liver disease and promote further research on this topic, with recommendations provided in specific settings such as hepatic encephalopathy, cirrhotic patients with bone disease, patients undergoing liver surgery or transplantation and critically ill cirrhosis patients.

TL;DR: Effective management of these patients requires an integrated multidimensional approach, however, further research is needed to fill the gaps in the current evidence base to optimize the nutritional management of patients with cirrhosis and HE.

TL;DR: The neuropsychological features of minimal hepatic encephalopathy point to a disorder of executive functioning, particularly selective attention and psychomotor speed, but other abnormalities may be observed, although the specificity of the changes observed is unclear at present.

TL;DR: Acute decompensation without ACLF is a heterogeneous condition with three different clinical courses and two major pathophysiological mechanisms: systemic inflammation and portal hypertension.

TL;DR: Among patients with ACLF, the intensity of the fingerprint increased across ACLF grades, and was similar in patients with kidney failure and in those without, indicating that the fingerprint reflected not only decreased kidney excretion but also altered cell metabolism.