Showing papers in "Hepatology in 2013"

TL;DR: The high prevalence of global HCV infection necessitates renewed efforts in primary prevention, including vaccine development, as well as new approaches to secondary and tertiary prevention to reduce the burden of chronic liver disease and to improve survival for those who already have evidence of liver disease.

TL;DR: The increased abundance of alcohol‐producing bacteria in NASh microbiomes, elevated blood‐ethanol concentration in NASH patients, and the well‐established role of alcohol metabolism in oxidative stress and, consequently, liver inflammation suggest a role for alcohol‐ producing microbiota in the pathogenesis of NASH.

TL;DR: This version of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases Practice Guideline is the fourth iteration of this guideline and represents a thorough update of the 2009 version.

TL;DR: Long‐term ETV treatment may reduce the incidence of HCC in HBV‐infected patients, and the treatment effect was greater in patients at higher risk of H CC.

TL;DR: After a median follow‐up of 14.5 years, NAFLD was not associated with higher mortality, but advanced fibrosis, as determined by noninvasive fibrosis marker panels, is a significant predictor of mortality, mainly from cardiovascular causes, independent of other known factors.

TL;DR: There continued to be a significant association between the presence of NASH and lower percentage Bacteroidetes even after adjusting for these variables and body mass index and dietary fat intake.

TL;DR: This study exemplifies that, for relatively rare diseases, it is paramount to collect observational data from large, population‐based cohorts, because incidence and prevalence rates of PSC are markedly lower and survival much longer than previously reported.

TL;DR: The usual definition for LSE reliability is not relevant, and three reliability categories are defined: very reliable, reliable, and poorly reliable LSE.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors projected the potential impact of interferon-free direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatments on hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence among people who inject drugs (PWID) in three settings.

TL;DR: Developing drugs that further increase mtFAO and restore MRC activity in a coordinated manner could ameliorate steatosis, but also necroinflammation and fibrosis by reducing oxidative stress.

TL;DR: Promotion of NF‐κB–dependent myofibroblast survival by macrophages but not DCs provides a novel link between inflammation and fibrosis.

TL;DR: This analysis demonstrates that US HCV prevalence is in decline due to a lower incidence of infections, however, the prevalence of advanced liver disease will continue to increase as well as the corresponding healthcare costs.

TL;DR: At scheduled doses, a beneficial effect on survival of MARS therapy in patients with ACLF could not be demonstrated, however, MARS has an acceptable safety profile, has significant dialysis effect, and nonsignificantly improves severe HE.

TL;DR: MRI‐ PDFF correlated well with MRS‐PDFF and was more sensitive than the histology‐determined steatosis grade in quantifying increases or decreases in the liver fat content, and could be used to quantify changes in liver fat in future clinical trials.

TL;DR: Entecavir therapy reduces the risks of hepatic events, HCC, liver‐related and all‐cause mortality of CHB patients with liver cirrhosis in 5 years, particularly among those who had maintained viral suppression.

TL;DR: Yttrium‐90 radioembolization is an effective treatment in intermediate to advanced HCC, particularly in the case of PVT, and prospective evaluations comparing Y90RE with conventional treatments are warranted.

TL;DR: In this article, a prospective, cross-sectional study was aimed at identifying differences in the intestinal microbiota (IM) composition of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and living liver donors as healthy controls (HC).

TL;DR: Elevations in plasma miR‐122, HMGB1, and necrosis K18 identified subsequent ALI development in patients on admission to the hospital, soon after acetaminophen overdose, and in patients with ALTs in the normal range.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that overexpression of miR‐216a/217 acted as a positive feedback regulator for the TGF‐β pathway and the canonical pathway involved in the activation of phosphoinositide 3‐kinase/protein kinase K (PI3K/Akt) signaling in HCC cells.

TL;DR: The dual PPAR‐α/δ agonist, GFT505, is a promising liver‐targeted drug for treatment of NAFLD/NASH and in animals, its protective effects are mediated by both PPar‐α‐dependent and ‐independent mechanisms.

TL;DR: The possible role of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers, a field that needs urgent improvement in the clinical surveillance of HCC, and the fascinating possibility of using them as therapeutic targets or drugs themselves are discussed.

TL;DR: Its role is being investigated in a large number of indications, which rely on its volume and nonvolume expansion functions such as stroke, severe sepsis, Alzheimer's disease, malaria, burns, and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.

TL;DR: Stem cell–like phenotypes are observed in EpCAM+ CTCs, and a preoperative CTC7.5 of ≥2 is a novel predictor for tumor recurrence in HCC patients after surgery, especially in patient subgroups with AFP levels of ≤400 ng/mL or low tumor recurrent risk.

TL;DR: Effective management of these patients requires an integrated multidimensional approach, however, further research is needed to fill the gaps in the current evidence base to optimize the nutritional management of patients with cirrhosis and HE.

TL;DR: Resection of HCC ≤2 cm is safe and achieves excellent results in Western centers and should continue to be considered a primary treatment modality in patients with small HCC and well‐preserved liver function.

TL;DR: An ART score of ≥2.5 prior the second TACE identifies patients with a dismal prognosis who may not profit from further TACE sessions and remained significant irrespective of Child‐Pugh stage and the presence of ascites prior the first TACE.

TL;DR: A role of lncRNA‐Dreh in tumor suppression and survival prediction in HCC patients is supported, which contributes to a better understanding of the importance of the deregulated lncRNAs by HBx in H CC and provides a rationale for the potential development of lNCRNA‐based targeted approaches for the treatment of HBV‐related HCC.

TL;DR: AKI, as defined by AKIN criteria, in patients with cirrhosis is frequently progressive and severe and is independently associated with mortality in a stage‐dependent fashion.

TL;DR: It is shown that Sirtuin7 expression was up‐regulated in a large cohort of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients and a regulatory loop is proposed whereby SIRT7 inhibits transcriptional activation of p21WAF1/Cip1 by way of repression of miR‐125a‐5p and miR-125b.

TL;DR: SMV QD in combination with Peg‐IFN and RBV significantly improves SVR rates, compared with Peg-IFNand RBV alone, and allows the majority of patients to shorten their therapy duration to 24 weeks.