Showing papers by "Wolfgang Wagner published in 2008"
TL;DR: The studies indicate that replicative senescence of MSC preparations is a continuous process starting from the first passage onwards, which includes far reaching alterations in phenotype, differentiation potential, global gene expression patterns, and miRNA profiles that need to be considered for therapeutic application of M SC preparations.
Abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) comprise a promising tool for cellular therapy. These cells are usually culture expanded prior to their application. However, a precise molecular definition of MSC and the sequel of long-term in vitro culture are yet unknown. In this study, we have addressed the impact of replicative senescence on human MSC preparations. Within 43 to 77 days of cultivation (7 to 12 passages), MSC demonstrated morphological abnormalities, enlargement, attenuated expression of specific surface markers, and ultimately proliferation arrest. Adipogenic differentiation potential decreased whereas the propensity for osteogenic differentiation increased. mRNA expression profiling revealed a consistent pattern of alterations in the global gene expression signature of MSC at different passages. These changes are not restricted to later passages, but are continuously acquired with increasing passages. Genes involved in cell cycle, DNA replication and DNA repair are significantly down-regulated in late passages. Genes from chromosome 4q21 were over-represented among differentially regulated transcripts. Differential expression of 10 genes has been verified in independent donor samples as well as in MSC that were isolated under different culture conditions. Furthermore, miRNA expression profiling revealed an up-regulation of hsa-mir-371, hsa-mir-369-5P, hsa-mir-29c, hsa-mir-499 and hsa-let-7f upon in vitro propagation. Our studies indicate that replicative senescence of MSC preparations is a continuous process starting from the first passage onwards. This process includes far reaching alterations in phenotype, differentiation potential, global gene expression patterns, and miRNA profiles that need to be considered for therapeutic application of MSC preparations.
1,016 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that mesenchymal stem cells supported tumour angiogenesis in vivo, that is CD31+ vessel density was increased after the transfer of MSC compared with siVEGF-MSC, and a supportive role inAngiogenesis is suggested.
Abstract: Little is known about the factors that enable the mobilisation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from the bone marrow into the blood stream and their recruitment to and retention in the tumour. We found specific migration of MSC towards growth factors present in pancreatic tumours, such as PDGF, EGF, VEGF and specific inhibitors Glivec, Erbitux and Avastin interfered with migration. Within a few hours, MSC migrated into spheroids consisting of pancreatic cancer cells, fibroblasts and endothelial cells as measured by time-lapse microscopy. Supernatant from subconfluent MSC increased sprouting of HUVEC due to VEGF production by MSC itself as demonstrated by RT-PCR and ELISA. Only few MSCs were differentiated into endothelial cells in vitro, whereas in vivo differentiation was not observed. Lentiviral GFP-marked MSCs, injected in nude mice xenografted with orthotopic pancreatic tumours, preferentially migrated into the tumours as observed by FACS analysis of green fluorescent cells. By immunofluorescence and intravital microscopic studies, we found the interaction of MSC with the endothelium of blood vessels. Mesenchymal stem cells supported tumour angiogenesis in vivo, that is CD31(+) vessel density was increased after the transfer of MSC compared with siVEGF-MSC. Our data demonstrate the migration of MSC toward tumour vessels and suggest a supportive role in angiogenesis.
358 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a global evaluation study was performed on two available global soil moisture products, ERS scatterometer surface wetness data was compared to AMSR-E soil moisture data, pointing out a strong similarity between both products in sparse to moderate vegetated regions with an average correlation coefficient of 0.83.
Abstract: Within the scope of the upcoming launch of a new water related satellite mission (SMOS) a global evaluation study was performed on two available global soil moisture products. ERS scatterometer surface wetness data was compared to AMSR-E soil moisture data. This study pointed out a strong similarity between both products in sparse to moderate vegetated regions with an average correlation coefficient of 0.83. Low correlations were found in densely vegetated areas and deserts. The low values in the vegetated regions can be explained by the limited soil moisture retrieval capabilities over dense vegetation covers. Soil emission is attenuated by the canopy and tends to saturate the microwave signal with increasing vegetation density, resulting in a decreased sensor sensitivity to soil moisture variations. It is expected that the new low frequency satellite mission (SMOS) will obtain soil moisture products with a higher quality in these regions. The low correlations in the desert regions are likely due to volume scattering or to the dielectric dynamics within the soil. The volume scattering in dry soils causes a higher backscatter under very dry conditions than under conditions when the sub-surface soil layers are somewhat wet. In addition, at low moisture levels the dielectric constant has a reduced sensitivity in response to changes in the soil moisture content. At a global scale the spatial correspondence of both products is high and both products clearly distinguish similar regions with high seasonal and inter annual variations. Based on the global analyses we concluded that the quality of both products was comparable and in the sparse to moderate vegetated regions both products may be beneficial for large scale validation of SMOS soil moisture. Some limitations of the studied products are different, pointing to significant potential for combining both products into one superior soil moisture data set.
343 citations
TL;DR: A literature review is made that summarizes the problems encountered when parameterizing soil roughness as well as the reported impact of the errors made on the retrieved soil moisture.
Abstract: Synthetic Aperture Radar has shown its large potential for retrieving soil moisture maps at regional scales. However, since the backscattered signal is determined by several surface characteristics, the retrieval of soil moisture is an ill-posed problem when using single configuration imagery. Unless accurate surface roughness parameter values are available, retrieving soil moisture from radar backscatter usually provides inaccurate estimates. The characterization of soil roughness is not fully understood, and a large range of roughness parameter values can be obtained for the same surface when different measurement methodologies are used. In this paper, a literature review is made that summarizes the problems encountered when parameterizing soil roughness as well as the reported impact of the errors made on the retrieved soil moisture. A number of suggestions were made for resolving issues in roughness parameterization and studying the impact of these roughness problems on the soil moisture retrieval accuracy and scale.
289 citations
TL;DR: There is an urgent need for the development of reliable reagents, common guidelines and standards for MSC preparations and of precise molecular and cellular markers to define subpopulations with diverse pathways of differentiation and divergent potentials.
269 citations
TL;DR: Scipal et al. as mentioned in this paper proposed a triple collocation error estimation technique to estimate the root mean square error of a set of three independent data sources, including passive microwave (TRMM), active microwave (ERS-2), and modeled (ERA-Interim reanalysis) soil moisture data sets.
Abstract: [1] In the last few years, research made significant progress towards operational soil moisture remote sensing which lead to the availability of several global data sets. For an optimal use of these data, an accurate estimation of the error structure is an important condition. To solve for the validation problem we introduce the triple collocation error estimation technique. The triple collocation technique is a powerful tool to estimate the root mean square error while simultaneously solving for systematic differences in the climatologies of a set of three independent data sources. We evaluate the method by applying it to a passive microwave (TRMM radiometer) derived, an active microwave (ERS-2 scatterometer) derived and a modeled (ERA-Interim reanalysis) soil moisture data sets. The results suggest that the method provides realistic error estimates. Citation: Scipal, K., T. Holmes, R. de Jeu, V. Naeimi, and W. Wagner (2008), A possible solution for the problem of estimating the error structure of global soil moisture data sets, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L24403, doi:10.1029/2008GL035599.
266 citations
Book•
15 Sep 2008
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an online broadcast international steam tables properties of water and steam based on the industrial formulation iapws if97 tables algorithms diagrams and cd rom of heat cycles boilers and steam turbines.
Abstract: Getting the books international steam tables properties of water and steam based on the industrial formulation iapws if97 tables algorithms diagrams and cd rom of heat cycles boilers and steam turbines now is not type of inspiring means. You could not deserted going bearing in mind books addition or library or borrowing from your links to entre them. This is an categorically easy means to specifically get guide by on-line. This online broadcast international steam tables properties of water and steam based on the industrial formulation iapws if97 tables algorithms diagrams and cd rom of heat cycles boilers and steam turbines can be one of the options to accompany you past having further time.
255 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the scattering properties of vegetation and terrain surfaces in a quantitative way, such as the width of the echo pulse and the backscatter cross-section, which is a measure of the electromagnetic energy intercepted and re-radiated by objects.
Abstract: Small-footprint full-waveform airborne laser scanning (ALS) is a remote sensing technique capable of mapping vegetation in three dimensions with a spatial sampling of about 0.5-2 m in all directions. This is achieved by scanning the laser beam across the Earth's surface and by emitting nanosecond-long infrared pulses with a high frequency of typically 50-150 kHz. The echo signals are digitized during data acquisition for subsequent off-line waveform analysis. In addition to delivering the three-dimensional (3D) coordinates of scattering objects such as leaves or branches, full-waveform laser scanners can be calibrated for measuring the scattering properties of vegetation and terrain surfaces in a quantitative way. As a result, a number of physical observables are obtained, such as the width of the echo pulse and the backscatter cross-section, which is a measure of the electromagnetic energy intercepted and re-radiated by objects. The main aim of this study was to build up an understanding of the scattering characteristics of vegetation and the underlying terrain. It was found that vegetation typically causes a broadening of the backscattered pulse, while the backscatter cross-section is usually smaller for canopy echoes than for terrain echoes. These scattering properties allowed classification of the 3D point cloud into vegetation and non-vegetation echoes with an overall accuracy of 89.9% for a dense natural forest and 93.7% for a baroque garden area. In addition, by removing the vegetation echoes before the filtering process, the quality of the digital terrain model could be improved.
239 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented a measurement of the inclusive jet cross section in p-pbar collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV based on data collected by the CDF II detector with an integrated luminosity of 1.13 fb^-1.1
Abstract: We present a measurement of the inclusive jet cross section in p-pbar collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV based on data collected by the CDF II detector with an integrated luminosity of 1.13 fb^-1. The measurement was made using the cone-based Midpoint jet clustering algorithm in the rapidity region of |y|<2.1. The results are consistent with next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD predictions based on recent parton distribution functions (PDFs), and are expected to provide increased precision in PDFs at high parton momentum fraction x. The results are also compared to the recent inclusive jet cross section measurement using the k_T jet clustering algorithm, and we find that the ratio of the cross sections measured with the two algorithms is in agreement with theoretical expectations over a large range of jet transverse momentum and rapidity.
188 citations
01 Jul 2008
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present steam tables for industrial use that have been calculated using the international standard for the thermodynamic properties of water and steam, the IAPWS-IF97 formulation, and the international standards for transport and other properties.
Abstract: This book contains steam tables for industrial use that have been calculated using the international standard for the thermodynamic properties of water and steam, the IAPWS-IF97 formulation, and the international standards for transport and other properties. In addition, the complete set of equations of IAPWS-IF97 is presented including all supplementary backward equations adopted by IAPWS between 2001 and 2005 for fast calculations of heat cycles, boilers, and steam turbines. It is the first time that such a steam table contains the following features: A compact disc (CD) providing an interactive electronic steam table for the calculation of all properties used in the book dependent on freely selectable pressures and temperatures. Formulas to calculate from IAPWS-IF97 arbitrary partial derivatives of the eight most important properties; this is very helpful in non-stationary process modelling. Inclusion of the specific enthalpy and enthalpy differences into the uncertainty values of IPWS-IF97 regarding the most important properties. Pressure-temperature diagrams with isolines of all properties contained in the steam tables and further properties. Moreover, a Molier h-s diagram and a T-s diagram are enclosed as full-colour wall charts in A1-format. Written for: Engineers in industry (power-cycle technology, general energy technology, plant technology) and in utilities; scientists in the fields of energy technology, nuclear technology, and nuclear physics (orig.)
187 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the first determination of bounds on the CP-violation parameter 2{beta}{sub s} using B{sub s}{sup 0} decays in which the flavor of the bottom meson at production is identified is described.
Abstract: This Letter describes the first determination of bounds on the CP-violation parameter 2{beta}{sub s} using B{sub s}{sup 0} decays in which the flavor of the bottom meson at production is identified. The result is based on approximately 2,000 B{sub s}{sup 0} {yields} J/{psi}{phi} decays reconstructed in a 1.35 fb{sup -1} data sample collected with the CDFII detector using p{bar p} collisions produced at the Fermilab Tevatron. We report confidence regions in the two-dimensional space of 2{beta}{sub s} and the decay-width difference {Delta}{Lambda}. Assuming the standard model predictions of 2{beta}{sub s} and {Delta}{Lambda}, the probability of a deviation as large as the level of the observed data is 15%, corresponding to 1.5 Gaussian standard deviations.
TL;DR: The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) currently prepares the assimilation of soil moisture data derived from advanced scatterometer (ASCAT) measurements as discussed by the authors.
TL;DR: It is found that a time-invariant linear relationship is well suited for relating local scale (pixel) and regional scale (50 km) backscatter in soil moisture measurements and the observed linear model coefficients can be estimated by considering the scattering properties of the terrain and vegetation and the soil moisture scaling properties.
Abstract: The high spatio-temporal variability of soil moisture is the result of atmospheric forcing and redistribution processes related to terrain, soil, and vegetation characteristics. Despite this high variability, many field studies have shown that in the temporal domain soil moisture measured at specific locations is correlated to the mean soil moisture content over an area. Since the measurements taken by Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) instruments are very sensitive to soil moisture it is hypothesized that the temporally stable soil moisture patterns are reflected in the radar backscatter measurements. To verify this
TL;DR: In this paper, the first observation and cross section measurement of exclusive dijet production in {bar p}p interactions was presented, where the exclusive signal was extracted from fits to data distributions based on Monte Carlo simulations of expected dijet signal and background shapes, and the simulated background distribution shapes were checked in a study of a largely independent data sample of 200 pb{sup -1} of b-tagged jet events.
Abstract: The authors present the first observation and cross section measurement of exclusive dijet production in {bar p}p interactions, {bar p}p {yields} {bar p} + dijet + p. Using a data sample of 310 pb{sup -1} collected by the Run II Collider Detector at Fermilab at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV, exclusive cross sections for events with two jets of transverse energy E{sub T}{sup jet} {ge} 10 GeV have been measured as a function of minimum E{sub T}{sup jet}. The exclusive signal is extracted from fits to data distributions based on Monte Carlo simulations of expected dijet signal and background shapes. The simulated background distribution shapes are checked in a study of a largely independent data sample of 200 pb{sup -1} of b-tagged jet events, where exclusive dijet production is expected to be suppressed by the J{sub z} = 0 total angular momentum selection rule. Results obtained are compared with theoretical expectations, and implications for exclusive Higgs boson production at the pp Large Hadron Collider at {radical}s = 14 TeV are discussed.
TL;DR: Clinical application of MSC isolation, characterization and standardization on cardiovascular disease and Mechanisms of cardiac repair.
Abstract: Accumulating clinical and experimental evidence indicates that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising cell types in the treatment of cardiac dysfunction. They may trigger production of reparative growth factors, replace damaged cells and create an environment that favours endogenous cardiac repair. However, identifying mechanisms which regulate the role of MSCs in cardiac repair is still at work. To achieve the maximal clinical benefits, ex vivo manipulation can further enhance MSC therapeutic potential. This review focuses on the mechanism of MSCs in cardiac repair, with emphasis on ex vivo manipulation.
TL;DR: It is shown that the stem cell niche maintains HSC in a quiescent state that reduces DNA damage as well as replicative senescence, protects from radicals and toxic compounds, regulates cell intrinsic signal cascades and modulates gene expression and epigenetic modifications in HSC.
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of searches for large extra dimensions in samples of events with large missing transverse energy E_{T} and either a photon or a jet produced in pp[over ] collisions at sqrt[s]=1.96 TeV were presented.
Abstract: We present the results of searches for large extra dimensions in samples of events with large missing transverse energy E_{T} and either a photon or a jet produced in pp[over ] collisions at sqrt[s]=1.96 TeV collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab II. For gamma+E_{T} and jet+E_{T} candidate samples corresponding to 2.0 and 1.1 fb;{-1} of integrated luminosity, respectively, we observe good agreement with standard model expectations and obtain a combined lower limit on the fundamental parameter of the large extra dimensions model M_{D} as a function of the number of extra dimensions in the model.
TL;DR: This study demonstrates that human MSC can be efficiently isolated by RBC lysis, and this technique is faster and can be standardized more easily for clinical application of MSC.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the time dependence of the ratio of decay rates for the rare decay D0->K+pi- to the Cabibbo-favored decay D 0->K-pi+.
Abstract: We measure the time dependence of the ratio of decay rates for the rare decay D0->K+pi- to the Cabibbo-favored decay D0->K-pi+. We use a signal of 12.7 x10^3 D0->K+pi decays with proper decay times between 0.75 and 10 mean D0 lifetimes. The data sample was recorded with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.5 fb-1 of p-pbar collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV. We search for D0-D0bar mixing and measure the mixing parameters to be Rd = (3.04 +/- 0.55) x10^{-3}, y' = (8.5 +/- 7.6) x10^{-3}, and x'^2 = (-0.12 +/- 0.35) x10^{-3}. We report Bayesian probability contours in the x'^2-y' plane and find that the data are inconsistent with the no-mixing hypothesis with a probability equivalent to 3.8 Gaussian standard deviations.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported the observation of two narrow resonances consistent with states of orbitally excited (L=1) B_(s) mesons using 1 fb;(-1) of pp[over ] collisions at sqrt[s]=1.96 TeV collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab II detector.
Abstract: We report the observation of two narrow resonances consistent with states of orbitally excited (L=1) B_(s) mesons using 1 fb;(-1) of pp[over ] collisions at sqrt[s]=1.96 TeV collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. We use two-body decays into K- and B+ mesons reconstructed as B(+)-->J/psiK(+), J/psi-->mu(+)mu(-) or B(+)-->D[over ](0)pi(+), D[over ](0)-->K(+)pi(-). We deduce the masses of the two states to be m(B_(s1))=5829.4+/-0.7 MeV/c(2) and m(B_(s2);(*))=5839.6+/-0.7 MeV/c;(2).
TL;DR: The Bc± meson was observed through the decay Bc+→J/ ψπ±, in data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.4fb-1 recorded by the Collider Detector at Fermilab II detector at the Fermielab Tevatron as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The Bc± meson is observed through the decay Bc±→J/ ψπ±, in data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.4fb-1 recorded by the Collider Detector at Fermilab II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. A signal of 108±15 candidates is observed, with a significance that exceeds 8σ. The mass of the Bc± meson is measured to be 6275.6±2.9(stat)±2.5(syst)MeV/c2. © 2008 The American Physical Society.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, an upper bound of E-2 Phi(90%C.L.) < 7.4x10(-8) GeV cm(-2) s(-1) sr(-1).
Abstract: A search for TeV-PeV muon neutrinos from unresolved sources was performed on AMANDA-II data collected between 2000 and 2003 with an equivalent live time of 807 days. This diffuse analysis sought to find an extraterrestrial neutrino flux from sources with nonthermal components. The signal is expected to have a harder spectrum than the atmospheric muon and neutrino backgrounds. Since no excess of events was seen in the data over the expected background, an upper limit of E-2 Phi(90%C.L.)< 7.4x10(-8) GeV cm(-2) s(-1) sr(-1) is placed on the diffuse flux of muon neutrinos with a Phi proportional to E-2 spectrum in the energy range 16 TeV to 2.5 PeV. This is currently the most sensitive Phi proportional to E-2 diffuse astrophysical neutrino limit. We also set upper limits for astrophysical and prompt neutrino models, all of which have spectra different from Phi proportional to E-2.
TL;DR: Uric acid (UA) is an endogenous danger signal recently identified to be released from dying cells that activates immune effectors of both the innate and adaptive immune system, including neutrophils and cytotoxic T-cell immunity.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors search for new physics in over 300 exclusive final states in collision data collected in run II of the Fermilab Tevatron, and find no such significant indication of physics beyond the standard model.
Abstract: Data collected in run II of the Fermilab Tevatron are searched for indications of new electroweak scale physics. Rather than focusing on particular new physics scenarios, CDF data are analyzed for discrepancies with respect to the standard model prediction. A model-independent approach (Vista) considers the gross features of the data and is sensitive to new large cross section physics. A quasi-model-independent approach (Sleuth) searches for a significant excess of events with large summed transverse momentum and is particularly sensitive to new electroweak scale physics that appears predominantly in one final state. This global search for new physics in over 300 exclusive final states in $927\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{pb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of $p\overline{p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=1.96\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$ reveals no such significant indication of physics beyond the standard model.
Book•
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: The social turn in the Science of Human Action T. Atsumi as discussed by the authors, the power of meaning, and the diversity of knowledge: Power and Dialogue in Representational Fields S.J. Gergen, W. Wagner, and Y. Yamada Part I: The Power of Meaning 1 Refl ections on the Diversity of Knowledge: power and dialogue in representational fields S. Jovchelovitch 2 Discourse and Representation in the construction of Witchcraft W.W. Wagner and M.Do R. Carvalho 3 Culture, psychotherapy,
Abstract: The Social Turn in the Science of Human Action T. Sugiman, K.J. Gergen, W. Wagner, and Y. Yamada Part I: The Power of Meaning 1 Refl ections on the Diversity of Knowledge: Power and Dialogue in Representational Fields S. Jovchelovitch 2 Discourse and Representation in the Construction of Witchcraft W. Wagner, A. Mecha, and M. do R. Carvalho 3 Culture, Psychotherapy, and the Diasporic Self as Transitoric Identity: A Reply to Social Constructionist and Postmodern Concepts of Narrative Psychotherapy B. Zielke and J. Straub 4 Generative Inquiry in Therapy: From Problems to Creativity D.F. Schnitman 5 Constructing Trauma and Its Treatment: Knowledge, Power and Resistance C. Quosh and K.J. Gergen Part II: Constructing Meaning in Everyday Life 6 Moralities We Live by: Moral Focusing in the Context of Technological Change N. Kronberger 7 A Theory of Construction of Norm and Meaning:Osawa's Theory of Body T. Sugiman 8 The Transcendental Nature of Norms: Infants in Residential Nurseries and Child Adoption A. Rakugi 9 Using Social Knowledge: A Case Study of a Diarist's Meaning Making During World War II T. Zittoun, A. Gillespie, F. Cornish, and E.L. Aveling Part III: Narrative and Dialogue 10 Twice-Told-Tales: Small Story Analysis and the Process of Identity Formation M. Bamberg 11 Human/Nature Narratives and Popular Films: Big, Bad, Bold, Benefi cent, Bountiful, Beautiful and Bereft M. Gergen 12 Opposite and Coexistent Dialogues: Repeated Voices and the Side-by-Side Position of Self and Other Y. Yamada 13 Narrative Mode of Thought in Disaster Damage Reduction: A Crossroad for Narrative and Gaming Approaches K. Yamori 14 A Dialogical Perspective of Social Representations of Responsibility I. Markova Part IV:Action 15 The Social and the Cultural: Where do They Meet? J. Valsiner 16 Moral Responsibility and Social Fiction T. Kozakai 17 Social Psychology and Literature: Toward Possible Correspondence A. Contarello 18 Historical Confl ict and Resolution between Japan and China:Developing and Applying a Narrative Theory of History and Identity J.H. Liu and T. Atsumi Subject Index
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors performed a search for Bs-->mu+mu- and Bd-->mu +mu- decays in ppbar collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96TeV using 2fb-1 of integrated luminosity collected by the Fermilab Tevatron Collider.
Abstract: We have performed a search for Bs-->mu+mu- and Bd-->mu+mu- decays in ppbar collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96TeV using 2fb-1 of integrated luminosity collected by the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. The observed number of Bs and Bd candidates is consistent with background expectations. The resulting upper limits on the branching fractions are B(Bs-->mu+mu-) mu+mu-) < 1.8X10^-8 at 95% C.L.
TL;DR: The DPOAE-test–retest study presented here is to the authors' knowledge the first, which combines variation of primary tone levels, assessment of both SF- and MF-modes, and comparison of the two modalities within the same subjects, which underline the suitability of D POAE as a monitoring tool of cochlear status over time.
Abstract: Objectives: Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) have become part of routine audiological diagnostics. The large scale of clinical DPOAE applications, such as screening of hearing in infants, objective estimation of hearing status, distinction between cochlear and retrocochlear origin of sensorineural hearing loss, exclusion of psychogenic hearing loss, monitoring of hearing during administration of ototoxic drugs, and others illustrates the significance of this audiological tool. In all diagnostic tests, knowledge about the procedure's test-retest repeatability is of crucial importance, to allow for distinction between measurement deviations and true physiological or pathological changes in monitoring over time. Design: Measurements of DPOAE were performed in triplicate in 80 normally hearing ears of 40 subjects. Both immediate remeasurements with the ear probe left in place [single-fit mode (SF-mode)] and remeasurements after approximately 5 to 10 days [multiple-fit mode (MF-mode)] were included. DPOAE primary tone levels were varied in 5 dB steps from L 2 = 60 to 20 dB SPL (L 1 = L 2 x 0.4 + 39 dB SPL) and within the frequency range f 2 = 1 to 6 kHz. Repeatability of DPOAE was evaluated by the standard error of measurement (Sm), reliability (Cronbach a), absolute differences between measurements, 95% confidence intervals, and repeatability standard deviations. Results: Sm averaged 0.67 dB over all frequencies and primary tone levels in the SF-mode, and 1.44 dB in the MF-mode, respectively. As expected, test-retest repeatability declined with decreasing primary tone levels; however, repeatability values were still mostly satisfactory with the lower primary tone levels. For the exemplary primary tone level combination of L 1 /L 2 = 63/60 dB SPL, which is close to common clinical paradigms, the difference between two DPOAE measurements under the reported test conditions could be considered statistically significant (p = 0.05) if it exceeded 0.7 to 1.3 dB in the range 1 to 5 kHz and 2.3 dB for 6 kHz in the SF-mode, when compared with 1.8 to 2.7 dB for 1 to 5 kHz and 3.7 dB for 6 kHz in the MF-mode. Signal to noise ratio (SNR) did not seem to have a large influence on repeatability, as long as SNR was within 6 to 35 dB, which covers the range of most clinical DPOAE measurements. Conclusions: The DPOAE-test-retest study presented here is to our knowledge the first, which combines variation of primary tone levels, assessment of both SF- and MF-modes, and comparison of the two modalities within the same subjects. Although the measurements were conducted under practical conditions resembling the clinical setting, repeatability was generally good. The widely used minimum SNR of 6 dB seems to be a recommendable criterion when considering both practicability and measurement quality under clinical conditions. The current findings underline the suitability of DPOAE as a monitoring tool of cochlear status over time. The data are intended to assist the clinician and the scientist in the correct interpretation of DPOAE level changes in the test-retest situation.
TL;DR: In this paper, the three lepton and missing energy trilepton signature was used to search for chargino-neutralino production with 2.0 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity collected by the CDF II experiment at the Tevatron p (p) over bar collider.
Abstract: We use the three lepton and missing energy trilepton signature to search for chargino-neutralino production with 2.0 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity collected by the CDF II experiment at the Tevatron p (p) over bar collider. We expect an excess of approximately 11 supersymmetric events for a choice of parameters of the mSUGRA model, but our observation of 7 events is consistent with the standard model expectation of 6.4 events. We constrain the mSUGRA model of supersymmetry and rule out chargino masses up to 145 GeV/c(2) for a specific choice of parameters.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors performed a search for the branching fractions in the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider and the observed number of candidates was consistent with background expectations.
Abstract: We have performed a search for ${B}_{s}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ and ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ decays in $p\overline{p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=1.96\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$ using $2\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of integrated luminosity collected by the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. The observed number of ${B}_{s}^{0}$ and ${B}^{0}$ candidates is consistent with background expectations. The resulting upper limits on the branching fractions are $\mathcal{B}({B}_{s}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}})l5.8\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}8}$ and $\mathcal{B}({B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}})l1.8\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}8}$ at 95% C.L.
TL;DR: Speech-in-noise intelligibility (SI) does not correlate with olivocochlear efferent activity – as measured by contralateral suppression (CS) of distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) – in humans with normal auditory threshold.
Abstract: Conclusion. According to the presented data, speech-in-noise intelligibility (SI) does not correlate with olivocochlear efferent activity – as measured by contralateral suppression (CS) of distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) – in humans with normal auditory threshold. Objectives. Literature data indicate a possible role of the medial olivocochlear efferents in speech intelligibility, especially in background noise. The objective of this study was to investigate this relationship. Materials and methods. SI was evaluated in three independent sessions by determining the ratio speech level/noise level, at which 50% of the words are understood (i.e. speech reception threshold, SRT). Efferent activity was inferred measuring CS of DPOAE, using two different paradigms with extensive variation of stimulus parameters and duplicate measurements. Results. For optimum measurement of CS, the study was restricted to subjects (n=49) with valid DPOAE down to primary tone levels L1=47/L2=20dB SPL. Average SRT ...