Central Tuber Crops Research Institute

About: Central Tuber Crops Research Institute is a facility organization based out in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Starch & Fermentation. The organization has 475 authors who have published 587 publications receiving 10285 citations.

Inhibitory activity of plant growth regulators on Phytophthora palmivora causing cassava tuber rot

Abstract: Auxins and cytokinins are implicated in a wide variety of developmental and physiological processes in plants. Phytophthora palmivora causes tuber rot in cassava growing regions of Tamil Nadu and Kerala, South India. The in vitro effect of cytokinin, benzyl amino purine (BAP) and auxins, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and indole acetic acid (IAA) on P. palmivora mycelium growth was investigated. The inhibitory activity varied among the growth regulators and complete inhibition of the pathogen was observed at 50, 2000 and 2500 ppm by the BAP, IAA and NAA, respectively. The effective growth regulator, BAP was also analysed on tubers before and after the invasion of the pathogen to observe its effect in tuber. Further, it was also checked against the bio-control agent Trichoderma harzianum. The study indicates that the use of BAP could be an important approach in controlling tuber rot pathogen, P. palmivora.

Zur Abhängigkeit des Nagerbefalls vom HCN-Gehalt der Knollen von Manihot esculenta Crantz

Abstract: Studies on rodents damage in relation to Cyanogenic Glucosides content in tubers of Manihot esculenta Crantz

Screening of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) accessions against Phytophthora palmivora induced tuber rot of cassava

Abstract: Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), is an important tropical tuber crop with global importance and plays a significant role in the food, nutritional and livelihood security of around 500 million people. In India, the low productivity of cassava attributes to the soil borne disease, particularly tuber rot caused by Phytophthora palmivora (Butl.) which is destructive and the attack is spreading in alarming rate in all the cassava growing regions causing heavy yield loss of more than 50%. Introduction of disease resistant varieties may alleviate the problem to a certain extent. This paper describes the screening procedures and findings on the disease resistant variety of cassava accession against tuber rot. Variety Sree Padmanabha imparted high resistance against tuber rot, while Sree Sahya was moderately resistant and all other accessions studied were found to be susceptible in in vitro and in field trials. In screening studies, a reproducible positive correlation was obtained between attached tubers in liv...

Growth analysis of Dioscorea species. (164)

Abstract: Comparative growth analysis was carried out on three edible Dioscorea species in field experiments laid out at Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, India, during 1996 and 1997, mainly to elucidate the growth characteristics of recently developed trailing (T) and dwarf (D) varieties of Dioscorea rotundata in comparison with native species of Dioscorea (D. escuelenta and D. alata) under Asian conditions. The leaf area index (LAI) was the highest for D. alata and least for D. escuelenta. The LAI attained maximum values at fifth month in D. escuelenta and D. alata and at sixth month in D. rotundata (T) and D. rotundata (D). The crop growth rate (CGR) of D. rotundata (T) and D. alata were almost similar but significantly greater than that of D. escuelenta and D. rotundata (D). In D. escuelenta, except for a slight decline at Phase 2 [4-5 months after planting (MAP)], the CGR followed a steady increase and attained maximum value at the last phase (6-7 MAP). The CGR peaked at Phase 2 (4-5 MAP) in D. rotundata (T) and at Phase 3 (5-6 MAP) in D. alata and D. rotundata. The early season advantage of CGR in these species might explain their high-yielding nature. In all the species, except D. rotundata (T), net assimilation rate (NAR) showed an increasing trend with advancing crop age. Dioscorea escuelenta possessed the highest NAR and D. alata had the lowest NAR. Significantly highest relative growth rate (RGR) values that declined towards harvest, were computed during the early phases in all the species. With advancing growth, there was significant decrement in LAR, specific leaf area (SLA), and leaf weight ratio (LWR) due to reduction in LAI due to leaf senescence and greater diversion of photoassimilates for tuber development. The LAR, SLA, and LAI of Asiatic species showed significant positive association with rainfall. Highest harvest index (HI) was computed in D. escuelenta closely followed by D. rotundata (D). The HI was significantly lower in D. alata and D. rotundata (T) due to greater canopy size of these species. However, HI of D. rotundata (T) was slightly higher than that of D. alata.

Hermaphroditism: A Primitive Sex Form for Improving Plant Architecture, Earliness and Yield Traits in Monoecious Ridge Gourd ( Luffa acutangula Roxb.)

Abstract: The present experiment was carried out to evaluate the breeding value of Satputia inbreds and to formulate suitable breeding strategies following 7 × 7 half-diallel mating design for genetic improvement of ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula Roxb.). Twenty-one F1 hybrids along with seven parental lines, including two hermaphrodite inbreds, were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications. The highly significant mean squares due to parents, hybrids and parents versus hybrids for all the eleven traits studied indicate the presence of sufficient amount of genetic variation. Prevalence of additive genetic variance indicates the usefulness of hybridization followed by selection approaches for plant stature and earliness parameters, while heterosis breeding would be suitable to improve yield potential as indicated by predominance of non-additive genetic variance. Plant stature and earliness are peculiar traits of hermaphrodite ridge gourd which is inherited in its progenies. The parents DRG-2, Satputia Long and Satputia Small were good combiners for a number of characters, including yield/plant. Ten crosses having hermaphrodite inbred as one of the parents, excelled for high per se performance along with desirable specific combining ability effects. The present findings reveal the breeding value and potentiality of hermaphrodite Satputia lines in the genetic improvement for “ideal plant type” in ridge gourd.