China University of Petroleum

About: China University of Petroleum is a education organization based out in Beijing, China. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Oil shale. The organization has 39802 authors who have published 39151 publications receiving 483760 citations. The organization is also known as: Zhōngguó Shíyóu Dàxué & China University of Petroleum (Beijing).

Role of lattice defects in catalytic activities of graphene clusters for fuel cells.

Abstract: Defects are common but important in graphene, which could significantly tailor the electronic structures and physical and chemical properties. In this study, the density functional theory (DFT) method was applied to study the electronic structure and catalytic properties of graphene clusters containing various point and line defects. The electron transfer processes in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on perfect and defective graphene clusters in fuel cells was simulated, and the free energy and reaction energy barrier of the elementary reactions were calculated to determine the reaction pathways. It was found that the graphene cluster with the point defect having pentagon rings at the zigzag edge, or line defects (grain boundaries) consisting of pentagon-pentagon-octagon or pentagon-heptagon chains also at the edges, shows the electrocatalytic capability for ORR. Four-electron and two-electron transfer processes could occur simultaneously on graphene clusters with certain types of defects. The energy barriers of the reactions are comparable to that of platinum(111). The catalytic active sites were determined on the defective graphene.

Synthesis of Biomass-Derived Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon Nanosheests for High-Performance Supercapacitors

Abstract: Graphene-like two-dimensional carbon nanosheets with properly modulated compositions and porosity are of particular importance for robust capacitance harvesting. Nevertheless, the large-scale and cost-effective production of such nanostructures still remains a great challenge. Herein, we innovatively produce nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanosheets using pine nut shells, an abundant biomass waste, as the precursor, under the synergetic effect of KOH and melamine during the activation process. The sole activation of the precursors with KOH can produce only traditional activated carbon particles of several micrometers, while interestingly, the extra introduction of melamine results in nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanosheets possessing high tunability. By construction of a two-electrode configuration, the supercapacitors with optimal nanosheets as the electrode materials can deliver a superior specific capacitance of 324 F g –1 at 0.05 A g–1, outstanding rate capability of 258 F g–1 at 20 A g–1, and extraordi...