Showing papers by "Hokkaido University published in 1983"
TL;DR: IAP treatment of NG108-15 cells caused specific uncoupling of negative signal transduction from inhibitory receptors to the adenylate cyclase catalytic unit via the guanine nucleotide regulatory protein, as a result of ADP-ribosylation of one of the subunits of the regulatory protein.
480 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the cross-correlations between surface-pressure and velocity fluctuations are found to be useful for the study of large-scale vortex structure in the separation bubble formed along the sides of a blunt flat plate with right-angled corners.
Abstract: Flow in the separation bubble formed along the sides of a blunt flat plate with right-angled corners has been studied in terms of extensive single- and two-point measurements of velocity and surface-pressure fluctuations. The cross-correlations between the surface-pressure and velocity fluctuations are found to be useful for the study of large-scale vortex structure in the bubble. Large-scale vortices are shed downstream from the separation bubble with a frequency of about 0.6U∞/xR, where U∞ is the approaching velocity and xR is the time-mean length of the bubble. On top of this regular vortex shedding, there exists a large-scale unsteadiness in the bubble. Vortices which are much larger than the regular vortices are shed with frequencies less than about 0.2U∞/xR. The large-scale unsteadiness is accompanied by enlargement and shrinkage of the bubble and also by a flapping motion of the shear layer near the separation line. The intermittent nature of the flow in the bubble is clarified in some detail. The distributions of the cross-correlations between the pressure and velocity fluctuations demonstrate the vortex structure in the reattaching zone. The longitudinal distance between the vortices is estimated to be (0.7–0.8) xR and their convection velocity is about 0.5U∞ near the reattachment line. The cross-correlations also suggest the existence of a longitudinal counter-rotating system in the bubble. The distance between the axes of the rotation is of the order of 0.6xR. Variations of timescales, lengthscales and phase velocities of the vortices are presented and discussed.
454 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the isotope scattering of near-zone-boundary acoustic phonons in Ge is investigated theoretically using a lattice-dynamical model which reproduces observed phonon dispersion curves very accurately.
Abstract: With the use of a lattice-dynamical model which reproduces observed phonon dispersion curves very accurately, the isotope scattering of near-zone-boundary acoustic phonons in Ge is investigated theoretically. We show that the lattice dispersion which becomes appreciable in the THz-frequency region leads to the phonon relaxation time that decreases more rapidly than ${\ensuremath{\omega}}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$. This deviation from the ${\ensuremath{\omega}}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$ dependence (the ${\ensuremath{\omega}}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$ behavior is predicted by the continuum elasticity theory) amounts to about 20% at 1 THz and is enhanced heavily at the zone boundaries. Calculations are based on the lowest-order perturbation theory. Higherorder corrections are estimated as well and shown to be negligibly small.
407 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the Strouhal number for the rectangular prism and the circular cylinder was found to be a power function of the aspect ratio h / w (or h / d ). Here f c is the vortex shedding frequency, U 0 is the free-stream velocity, h is the height, w is the width and d is the diameter.
Abstract: Measurements of the vortex-shedding frequency behind a vertical rectangular prism and a vertical circular cylinder attached to a plane wall are correlated with the characteristics of the smooth-wall turbulent boundary layer in which they are immersed. Experimental data were collected to investigate the effects of (i) the aspect ratio of these bodies and (ii) the boundary-layer characteristics on the vortex-shedding frequency. The Strouhal number for the rectangular prism and the circular cylinder, defined by S = f c w / U 0 and f c d / U 0 respectively, was found to be expressed by a power function of the aspect ratio h / w (or h / d ). Here f c is the vortex-shedding frequency, U 0 is the free-stream velocity, h is the height, w is the width and d is the diameter. As the aspect ratio is reduced, the type of vortex shedding behind each of the two bodies was found to change from the Karman-type vortex to the arch-type vortex at the aspect ratio of 2·0 for the rectangular prism and 2·5 for the circular cylinder.
256 citations
TL;DR: Phenotypical feminization is induced successfully by using estradiol-17β, and particularly fruitful techniques for control of sex in aquacultured fish will involve the combination of steroid treatment with chromosome manipulation.
250 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the main central thrust zone is divided geologically by the Main Central Thrust zone into the underlying Midland metasediment zone (Lower Himalayas) in the south and the overlying Himalayan gneiss zone (Higher Himalaysas) (HG-HMS), and the latter zone consists of high-grade crystalline rocks with a north-dipping homoclinal structure and is further overlain by the Tethys Himalayis, composed of non- or slightly metamorphosed Tethyan sediments.
222 citations
TL;DR: C6 cell membranes may possess certain "processing" enzyme(s) responsible for releasing the A protomer from the IAP molecule and for reductive cleavage of an intrachain disulfide bond in the released protomer, thereby producing an active peptide which functions to cause ADP-ribosylation of one of the subunits of guanine nucleotide regulatory protein in the receptor-adenylate cyclase system.
207 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a surface disorder model is proposed to explain all the dynamic anomalies in anodic native oxide/GaAs metal/oxide/semiconductor samples and anodic Al2O3/InP MIS samples.
187 citations
TL;DR: A set of holographic filters was developed to convert the Gaussian intensity distribution of a collimated laser beam into a uniform one and experimental results are shown.
Abstract: A set of holographic filters was developed to convert the Gaussian intensity distribution of a collimated laser beam into a uniform one. The design and the fabricating method of the holographic filters are presented and experimental results are shown.
160 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the real quality of surface wave magnitudes was evaluated by using independent sets of data and it was found that surface wave magnitude for the period 1904-1909 is considerably overestimated.
153 citations
TL;DR: An intercalated 2H-type layer compound, Cr 1/3 NbS 2, was investigated by magnetic and neutron diffraction measurements as mentioned in this paper, and it was found that this compound is a helimagnet with a very long period along the c-axis and with the spins in the c -plane.
Abstract: An intercalated 2H-type layer compound, Cr 1/3 NbS 2 , was investigated by magnetic and neutron diffraction measurements. It was found that this compound is a helimagnet with a very long period along the c -axis and with the spins in the c -plane. The magnetic behavior is similar to that of an easy-plane type ferromagnet except for the magnetization curve in the c -plane. The Curie temperature is 127 K. The saturation magnetization corresponds to 2.9 µ B /Cr. The uniaxial anisotropy constant, K 1 , is -1.46×10 6 ergs/cc at 4.2 K. The magnetizatiom curve in the c -plane shows a metamagnetic behavior, the critical field of which is as low as 1.5 kOe except near T c . Small angle scattering measurements showed a helical structure with Q =0.013 A -1 (480 A period). The helical spin structure and the metamagnetism is explained as due to the antisymmetric exchange interaction.
TL;DR: In this article, carboxymethyl-and dihydroxypropylchitine were preprocessed in order to obtain carboxyethylmethyl- and dihydroxypyldiamethyl-CHitine.
Abstract: Preparation de carboxymethyl- et dihydroxypropylchitine. Etude des sites d'alkylation par spectrometrie RMN
TL;DR: In this article, the mechanism of the reaction of oxygen with CO on Pt(111 and polycrystalline surfaces was studied at low temperatures, with reactive thermal desorption and isotope tracer techniques.
TL;DR: The analyses of cleavage products indicate that the enzyme hydrolyzes substance P between Phe7-Phe8 and Phe8-Gly9 by an endopeptidase action, followed by successive release of dipeptides by a di peptidyl carboxypeptid enzyme action.
TL;DR: A simplified method for the isolation of a plasma membrane-enriched fraction from plants utilizing an aqueous two-polymer phase system is outlined and may be applicable to a wide variety of plants and plant tissue including green leaves.
Abstract: A simplified method for the isolation of a plasma membrane-enriched fraction from plants utilizing an aqueous two-polymer phase system is outlined. Mainly, the plant used was Orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata L.). The two-phase system consisted of 5.6% (w/w) of dextran T500 and 5.6% (w/w) of polyethyleneglycol 4000 in 0.5 molar sorbitol-15 millimolar Tris-maleate (pH 7.3), and 30 millimolar NaCl. In this system, the plasma membranes and the other membranes were preferentially partitioned into the top phase and into the lower phase, respectively. The purity of the isolated plasma membrane was sufficiently high even after a single partition (i.e. about 85% purity) and more than 90% purity was obtained after repeating the partition in a newly prepared lower phase. The plasma membrane was identified with the aid of phosphotungstic acid-chromic acid stain and the association of vanadate-sensitive Mg2+-ATPase. The plasma membrane-associated ATPase had a pH optimum at 6.5 and showed a high specificity for Mg2+ and ATP. KCl stimulation was low (6% stimulation) at the pH optimum, but a relatively high stimulation (23%) occurred at pH 5.5. This method for plasma membrane isolation may be applicable to a wide variety of plants and plant tissue including green leaves.
TL;DR: The agent, named strain SR-11, was identified as the causative virus of HFRS by its antigenic identity with E6 cell-adapted HFRS virus, Hantaan 76-118 strain, and the specific reactions with sera from various HFRS cases.
Abstract: Twenty-three rat lung specimens collected in outbreaks of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in three medical institutions were inoculated onto the VERO-E6 cell monolayers. After several blind passages, an agent growing serially in the cell cultures and reacting specifically with known HFRS-positive sera was isolated from two of these specimens. The two isolates were antigenically identical each other. The agent, named strain SR-11, was identified as the causative virus of HFRS by its antigenic identity with E6 cell-adapted HFRS virus, Hantaan 76-118 strain, and the specific reactions with sera from various HFRS cases.
TL;DR: The results support the concept of two systems with oscillatory capacities: the freerunning system which is driven by a pacemaker and not affected by RF, and the anticipatory system which can be uncoupled from the freersunning system by an entraining feeding cycle.
TL;DR: In this paper, structures for solanapyrones A, B and C, phytotoxins from the fungus Alternaria solani, parasite of potato, were proposed on the basis of spectroscopic data and chemical reaction.
TL;DR: In this paper, the X-B moiety was added to CC bonds in a cis fashion to accelerate the bromoboration reaction at terminal CC bonds but not at internal C�C, terminal and internal C�C bonds.
TL;DR: Taking together the data indicate that within four days of fusion there is reactivation of the entire inactive X chromosome.
TL;DR: Luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of whole blood (whole blood CL) was developed to estimate the phagocytic function of granulocytes and the serum opsonic activity simultaneously and offers much information concerning the functions of the ph Pagocytic system in whole blood.
TL;DR: Organic solvent products used in the various factories were collected nationwide in Japan, and analyzed by gas chromatogarphy, finding the potent toxic solvents such as benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1, 2-dichloroethane and carbon disulfide were only rarely found in the present homogeneous products.
Abstract: Organic solvent products used in the various factories were collected nationwide in Japan, and analyzed by gas chromatogarphy. Of the 1179 samples collected, 522 samples were homogeneous (including 321 thinners, 145 degreasers and 56 reagents and others), and were analyzed by means of direct injection into a FID-gas chromatograph with two FSWCOT (OV 101 and PEG 6000) capillary columns. In thinners (n=248), the average number of solvent components per sample was 4.14 when the thinners containing gasoline were excluded. Toluene was the most popular component in thinners (present in 56%) followed by ethyl acetate, methanol, xylenes, ethylbenzene, isobutyl alcohol, ethyleneglycol mono-ethylether acetate, butyl acetate and methyl isobutyl ketone. Gasoline was also detected in 23%. In degreasers (n=123), the average number of solvent components per sample was 1.64 when the degreasers containing gasoline were not taken into account. Trichloroethylene was present in 21% of degreasers followed by tetrachloroethylene, 1, 1, 1-trichloroethane, toluene, acetone, xylenes and ethyl-benzene. Gasoline was found in 14%. A small amount of 1, 4-dioxane was detected as an additive in every 1, 1, 1, -trichloroethane products. With regard to reagents and others (n=53), the avarage number of components per sample was 1.40 if samples containig gasoline were excluded, and most (73%) of reagents and others (n=41) consisted of a single component. The potent toxic solvents such as benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1, 2-dichloroethane, 1, 1, 2-trichloro-ethane, 1, 1, 2, 2-tetrachloroethane and carbon disulfide were only rarely found in the present homogeneous products.
TL;DR: A minute amount of kainic acid-like amino acids, acromelic acid A (ca. 110 μg) and B (ca 40 μg), was isolated from the poisonous mushroom Clitocbe acromalga and their structures were inferred to be 1 and 2 respectively by spectral analyses.
TL;DR: The action of a chymotrypsin-like enzyme from sperm extract from the ascidianHalocynthia roretzi was studied and the most susceptible substrate had the most powerful inhibitory effect on fertilization in this animal.
Abstract: The action of a chymotrypsin-like enzyme from sperm extract from the ascidianHalocynthia roretzi was studied using several substrates. It was found that the most susceptible substrate had the most powerful inhibitory effect on fertilization in this animal. Among the substrates, the order of susceptibility coincided with the order of inhibitory ability, which indicates that the enzyme is involved in the fertilization process.
TL;DR: In this paper, five kinds of iron oxides (Fe 2 O 3 ) were prepared from iron alum and iron nitrate by using aqueous ammonia or urea; the surface and catalytic properties were studied.
TL;DR: The occurrence of the asplenia and the polysplenia syndrome in a sibship of the present family and in two other previously reported sibships indicates that the two syndromes are causally and pathogenetically related to each other.
Abstract: We report on a family in which a male infant had the asplenia syndrome, a younger brother had the polysplenia syndrome, and their father had situs inversus totalis. The occurrence of the asplenia and the polysplenia syndromes in a sibship of the present family and in two other previously reported sibships indicates that the two syndromes are causally and pathogenetically related to each other. If it is assumed that the father had an incomplete form of the polysplenia complex, then the condition in this family either is an autosomal dominant trait or is multifactorially determined.
TL;DR: In normal controls corticospinal tract neurons retrogradely labelled after HRP injection into the lumbar cord were situated only in layer V (the inner pyramidal layer), but in the reeler the labelled CS neurons were scattered diffusely throughout all levels of the corresponding cortical area.
Abstract: Reeler, a recessive mutation in mice, causes cytoarchitectonic abnormalities to the cerebral and cerebellar cortices. In normal controls, corticospinal (CS) tract neurons retrogradely labelled after HRP injection into the lumbar cord were situated only in layer V (the inner pyramidal layer). In the reeler, by contrast, the labelled CS neurons were scattered diffusely throughout all levels of the corresponding cortical area. In addition to the malpositioning of the somata, the labelled CS neurons in the cortex of the reeler could be divided into two major classes according to their dendritic pattern: typical pyramidal neurons and atypical ones. The typical pyramidal neuron had an apical dendrite projecting from the superior pole of the soma and ascending toward the pia mater and several basal and basolateral dendrites projecting from the inferior pole of the soma. The atypical neurons consisted of six types: (1) inverted, (2) tumbled, (3) bipolar, (4) V-shaped, (5) hook-shaped, and (6) superficial polymorphic. The typical pyramidal neurons in the reeler tended to be situated relatively deep in the cortex and the atypical neurons tended to lie relatively superficially in the cortex. The axons of both the typical pyramidal neurons and the atypical ones in the reeler usually extended from the lower surface of the soma or one of the descending dendrites as in the normal control.
TL;DR: Bovine, human, and goat alpha-lactalbumins prepared by the ordinary methods were found to contain 1.1-1.3 atoms of Ca per protein molecule and removal of Ca2+ was shown to destabilize the tertiary structures in the three proteins.
Abstract: Bovine, human, and goat alpha-lactalbumins prepared by the ordinary methods were found to contain 1.1-1.3 atoms of Ca per protein molecule. Removal of Ca2+ was shown to destabilize the tertiary structures in the three proteins. The three apoproteins were indicated to change in the conformation by heat from the native-like to the unfolded state. Degree of restoration of the native tertiary structure in 5 mM Tris-HCl and 0.1 mM EDTA at pH 7.2 and 25 degrees C by addition of Ca2+ was determined from change in CD ellipticity at 270 nm, and the apparent binding constant of Ca2+ was analyzed to be 2.5 X 10(8) (bovine), 3.0 X 10(8) (human), and 2.8 X 10(8) M-1 (goat). Also, value of the binding constant of Ca2+ to the native-like apoform was estimated from the apparent binding constant and equilibrium constant of the conformational change of the apoform. The binding properties of Mn2+, Mg2+, and Zn2+ to the bovine protein at neutral pH are also discussed.
TL;DR: In this article, a comparative study on the reversible photodarkening in several chalcogenides at normalized temperatures reveals that the characteristics are governed with the species of chalkogen atoms.
Abstract: A comparative study on the reversible photodarkening in several chalcogenides at normalized temperatures reveals that the characteristics are governed with the species of chalcogen atoms. This observations can be accounted for with a structural model, in which the atom shifts between stable and quasi-stable twisted positions. Covalent and van-der-Waals bonding plays an essential role in the dynamics. The model also explains the acoustic attenuation observed below the glass transition temperature.