Institut de veille sanitaire

About: Institut de veille sanitaire is a healthcare organization based out in Saint-Maurice, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Public health. The organization has 1055 authors who have published 1547 publications receiving 56945 citations. The organization is also known as: INVS & InVS.

Differential improvement in survival among patients with AIDS after the introduction of HAART.

Abstract: We explored changes in the survival of patients with AIDS (PWA) according to the availability of antiretroviral drugs (1994–2002). We tested whether changes in the hazard ratio of progression to death (HR) have been homogeneous among various groups of PWA. We included 4158 PWA diagnosed in Paris, notified to the French National Surveillance Institute by 2002. Four calendar periods were defined: monotherapy (1994–95), bitherapy-HAART transition (1996), early HAART (1997–99), late HAART (2000–October 2002). HR were calculated with Cox models, including the calendar period, modelled as a time dependent covariate. Models were stratified by age, transmission category, CD4 cell count, and AIDS-defining illnesses (ADI) group. Cumulative survival at 60 months increased from 44.0% (before July 1996) to 75.6% (after July 1996) and median survival increased from 31.9 months to >76 months. Adjusted HR reached a minimum in the late HAART period (HR 0.22, 95% CI: 0.19–0.26). No difference in the decrease of th...

Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction Among Patients with Leptospirosis: Incidence and Risk Factors.

Abstract: A Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (JHR) may be precipitated after initiation of chemotherapy in spirochetal diseases, including leptospirosis. However, a clear idea of the importance of JHR in this disease is lacking. The incidence of and risk factors for JHR were investigated retrospectively among 262 patients with confirmed leptospirosis who received amoxicillin treatment in New Caledonia and Futuna. The overall rate of JHR was 21% (12% in New Caledonia and 44% in Futuna). Two risk factors were independently associated with JHR occurrence: Leptospira interrogans serogroup Australis as the infecting strain (odds ratio [OR] = 2.60, confidence interval [CI] = 1.40-5.62) and delays < 3 days between the onset of symptoms and the initiation of antibiotherapy (OR = 2.14, CI = 1.11-4.38). Clinicians should be aware of JHR as a potential complication of leptospirosis. Strain-related factors associated with JHR occurrence and its impact on outcome remains to be explored.

Incidence of H1N1 2009 Virus Infection through the Analysis of Paired Plasma Specimens among Blood Donors, France

Abstract: Background Knowledge of the age-specific prevalence of seroprotection and incidence of seroconversion infection is necessary to complement clinical surveillance data and statistical models. It provides the basis for estimating the future impact of influenza A (H1N1pdm09) and implementing appropriate prevention and response strategies.

Seroepidemiology of Dengue Virus in Mayotte, Indian Ocean, 2006

Abstract: Background Although Dengue virus (DENV) circulation had been documented in neighbouring South-western Indian Ocean Islands, its presence in Mayotte is poorly characterised. To address this issue, we aimed to assess the seroprevalence of dengue IgG antibodies (DENV-IgG Ab) among the population and to investigate potential associations with individual and household characteristics. Methods/Principal Findings In November–December 2006 we conducted a cross-sectional serologic survey in Mayotte among 1,154 inhabitants aged ≥2 years by using a multistage cluster random sampling method. The overall prevalence of DENV-specific IgG antibodies (ELISA) was 22.73% (95% CI, 18.16–27.31). The age-specific seroprevalence increased with age (χ2 for trend = 11.86, P<0.0006), and was linked with previous known outbreaks in this region. In multivariate analysis, older age, being born in the Comoros and living in a household with a low socioeconomic index were positively associated with DENV IgG antibody positivity. Conclusions These findings document substantial prior exposure of the population of Mayotte to DENV and highlight the risk of severe illness due to the possibility of sequential DENV infections. Further investigations characterizing current DENV circulation patterns and associated serotypes are needed.