Institut de veille sanitaire

About: Institut de veille sanitaire is a healthcare organization based out in Saint-Maurice, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Public health. The organization has 1055 authors who have published 1547 publications receiving 56945 citations. The organization is also known as: INVS & InVS.

[Short-term relationships between urban atmospheric pollution and respiratory mortality: time series studies].

Abstract: Time series studies conducted in the field of air pollution aim at testing and quantifying short-term relations which can exist between daily air pollution levels and daily health effects. The method used for this type of survey has sometimes been misunderstood mainly because individual factors and indoor exposure to air pollutants were not taken into account. The adjustment on these individual confounding factors commonly used in classic epidemiologic studies (case-control studies, cohort studies) is not adequate to times series studies which are based on aggregate data. This is different for those factors that change over time according to the levels of air pollution (meteorological conditions, influenza epidemics, trend of health cases) which, when being analysed, must be taken into account either indirectly through time modelling or directly through non-linear modelling processes. During this last decade, numerous studies using the time series method have been published and have found short-term associations between daily levels of air pollution commonly observed and daily respiratory mortality. The consistency of the numerous results published in the international literature are more arguments in favour of non-confounding short-term relations between air pollution and respiratory mortality.

Recrudescence des infections à Hantavirus, France 2003

Abstract: Resume Contexte. – Les infections a Hantavirus sont presentes dans le Nord-Est de la France. L'homme se contamine en inhalant des poussieres contaminees par les excretas de rongeurs. En fevrier 2003, le centre national de reference (CNR) des fievres hemorragiques virales signalait un nombre accru d'infections. Une investigation etait initiee afin de confirmer l'exces de cas, de les decrire et de proposer des mesures adequates. Materiel et methode. – Les cas, recenses par le CNR, etaient definis par des signes cliniques evocateurs associes a des IgM et des IgG Puumala chez des patients residant en France. Pour chaque patient, des renseignements cliniques et epidemiologiques etaient recueillis. Resultats. – En 2003, 128 cas ont ete identifies contre 61 en 2002. L'âge median etait de 38 ans et 77 % des cas etaient des hommes ; 82 % etaient hospitalises. Les patients residaient dans le quart Nord-Est du pays avec des clusters importants dans les Ardennes et l'Oise. Les expositions a risque retrouvees etaient l'activite professionnelle (35 %) (Bâtiment, secteur forestier et agriculture), la manipulation de bois (35 %), le jardinage (29 %) et les loisirs en exterieur (14 %). Conclusions. – Cette investigation a confirme l'exces de cas en 2003. La localisation geographique et les expositions a risque etaient conformes a celles rapportees lors de precedentes investigations. La prevention des infections a Hantavirus passe par des mesures individuelles contre les rongeurs et l'exposition a des aerosols de poussieres contaminees. Des moyens d'information des professionnels de sante et du grand public dans les zones a risque sont necessaires pour favoriser ces mesures.

Recommandations de bonnes pratiques pour la surveillance médico-professionnelle du risque lombaire pour les travailleurs exposés à des manipulations de charges

Abstract: Introduction et objectifs.– Les manutentions manuelles de charges (MMC) sont largement repandues en milieu de travail et sont la principale cause d’accident du travail. Elles exposent en particulier au risque de pathologies lombaires qui peuvent, en cas de recidive ou de chronicite, compromettre le parcours professionnel des travailleurs. L’elaboration de ces recommandations de bonne pratique (RBP) repond a la demande de la direction generale du travail (DGT), promoteur du projet. Elles visent a : – ameliorer le reperage et l’evaluation des situations professionnelles exposant a des MMC afin de limiter et/ou controler l’exposition aux risques d’atteintes rachidiennes lombaires ; – a definir la surveillance medicale adaptee afin de depister et limiter les atteintes rachidiennes lombaires liees a l’exposition a des MMC dans le cadre d’une strategie de prevention integree, collective et individuelle, en milieu de travail. Methodologie utilisee.– Ces RBP ont ete elaborees selon la methode des « recommandations pour la pratique clinique » proposee par la Haute Autorite de sante (HAS). Le groupe de travail multidisciplinaire et pluriprofessionnel comprenait 24 participants : 8 medecins du travail, 2 rhumatologues, 2 medecins conseils, 2 medecins reeducateurs, 1 medecin generaliste, 1 medecin inspecteur regional et le chef de projet de la HAS. Au total 2 reunions en sous-groupes et 7 reunions plenieres ont eu lieu entre avril 2012 a mai 2013. Le groupe de lecture comprenait 50 participants. Actions et/ou resultats.– Les questions traitees sont les suivantes : – Quels sont les principaux risques pour la sante (TMS des membres superieurs exclus) des travailleurs exposes a des MMC ? – Quels sont les parametres de la situation de travail a prendre en compte, chez les travailleurs exposes a des MMC ?– Quels sont les methodes et outils d’evaluation de l’exposition a des MMC, applicables en milieu de travail ? Et peut-on proposer une classification des niveaux d’exposition ? – Quelle est la surveillance medicale adaptee pour les personnes exposees a des MMC, en distinguant les situations des travailleurs sains et lombalgiques ? – Quelles sont les mesures, collectives et individuelles, appropriees dans le milieu du travail, pour la prevention du risque rachidien lombaire lie aux MMC et le maintien et/ou le retour dans l’emploi des travailleurs souffrant de lombalgie ? Conclusion.– Les recommandations seront synthetisees lors de la presentation.

Automated early warning system for the surveillance of Salmonella isolated in the agro-food chain in France

Abstract: Non-typhic Salmonella is one of the major bacterial pathogens that cause foodborne infections as well as economic losses for the food production industry. There is therefore a need to improve early detection to prevent the emergence and spread of Salmonella within the agro-food chain. The passive laboratory-based surveillance system of the Salmonella network has been integrated into the French Food Safety Agency's working plan. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of this network to detect unusual Salmonella contamination as early as possible in the agro-food chain. Three statistical methods were used to detect unusual events from the time-series of counts. After an experimental period of more than 1 year, this approach detected several unusual events linked to contamination in the agro-food chain that were confirmed in a timely manner at national or regional levels. This evaluation also reinforced the position of the Salmonella network as an integral part of the national public health surveillance system.

Economic Evaluations of Public Health Surveillance Systems: a Systematic Review

Abstract: ‘Public Health surveillance is the ongoing systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of health data, closely integrated with the timely dissemination of these data both to those providing the data and to those who can apply the data to control and prevention programs’.1 Public health surveillance is therefore, closely linked to action as it provides accurate and validated information to local and national health authorities in order that these same authorities can implement appropriate prevention and control measures and health promotion strategies.2 This definition was set up several decades ago. Since then, the adoption of the revised International Health Regulations in 2005 has implemented new regulations such as national obligations to guarantee a set of core surveillance and response capacities to prevent international spread of disease irrespective of its origin (biological but also chemical or radio-nuclear sources).3 Furthermore, new diseases have emerged (H1N1pdm09, Middle East Coronavirus), some others have spread dramatically such Ebola virus disease in West Africa.4 In the context of globalisation, the concept of public health surveillance has evolved to include public health security.5,6 Politicians and stakeholders rely upon their public health agencies to be informed in a timely fashion and to be able to respond promptly to all potential health treats that may arise as populations need protection whatever the risk. For public health surveillance, this implies the need to monitor a very large spectrum of all hazards health threats. At the same time, as many public agencies are currently facing budgetary constraints, they must allocate theirs resources as efficiently as possible, as surveillance systems cannot be implemented for all known health threats. The priorities for diseases surveillance need to be reviewed regularly in order to guarantee that the most topical public health issues are consistently tackled and to ensure quality …