Institut de veille sanitaire

About: Institut de veille sanitaire is a healthcare organization based out in Saint-Maurice, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Public health. The organization has 1055 authors who have published 1547 publications receiving 56945 citations. The organization is also known as: INVS & InVS.

Perspectives d’évolution de la politique vaccinale BCG en France

Abstract: La politique francaise de vaccination BCG reposait jusqu’a recemment sur la primo-vaccination des enfants, obligatoire avant l’entree en collectivite, et la revaccination des enfants tuberculino-negatifs. Une revision de cette politique a ete entreprise en France depuis quelques annees. Elle s’est concretisee par la suppression, en 2004, de toutes les revaccinations ainsi que des tests tuberculiniques post-vaccinaux de routine effectues en dehors du diagnostic d’une tuberculose infection ou maladie ou de la surveillance des professionnels des secteurs sanitaires et sociaux soumis a l’obligation vaccinale. Sur la base d’une evaluation de l’impact epidemiologique qu’auraient respectivement le ciblage de la vaccination sur les enfants les plus a risque et la suppression totale de la vaccination BCG, ainsi que sur l’appreciation de la balance benefice-risque de ces 2 options, le Conseil superieur d’hygiene publique de France (CSHPF) s’est prononce en faveur du principe de la vaccination ciblee des enfants. Cependant, il a pose, comme prealable a la mise en œuvre de cette strategie, le renforcement de la mise en œuvre des autres mesures de lutte contre la tuberculose susceptibles d’avoir un impact sur le risque d’infection de l’enfant. Cette reflexion est rendue plus complexe par la disparition, debut 2006, de la mutipuncuture, technique utilisee en France pour plus de 90 % des primo-vaccinations par le BCG.

[Limited impact of the harm-reduction policy on HCV among drug-users. The ANRS-Coquelicot survey example].

Abstract: BACKGROUND In France, a harm-reduction policy was implemented in the late 1980s with the aim of reducing the prevalence of HIV and hepatitis C virus infection among drug users. The ANRS-Coquelicot survey was designed to measure the prevalence of HIV and HCV infection among drug users, and to examine determinants of at-risk behaviors. METHODS In 2002, information was collected from 166 drug users recruited in all types of services specializing in drug use and harm reduction in Marseille, France. Self-reported HIV and HCV serostatus was compared with the results of serological tests done on capillary blood collected on filter paper. RESULTS The self-reported and biologically documented prevalence rates of HIV infection were identical (22 %). In contrast, the self-reported prevalence of HCV infection was 52 %, while the biologically documented prevalence was 73 %. Overall, 30 % of HCV-infected drug users were unaware of their status. Forty-four per cent of drug users under 30 years of age were HCV-seropositive, suggesting that they had been infected early during drug use. CONCLUSION The harm-reduction policy seems to have had a marked impact on HIV transmission among drug users, but a much more limited impact on HCV transmission.

Seasonality of nutrient intake – An analysis including over 44,000 participants in 4 countries

Abstract: Summary Background and aims Dietary intake is believed to follow a seasonal pattern, so adjusting for seasonality in nutritional epidemiology is usually requested. The aim of this study was to assess the seasonality of energy and macronutrients intake (expressed as % of total caloric intake) using a large set of population-based studies. Methods Cross-sectional data from 9 population-based studies from 4 countries (3 in the Northern Hemisphere and 1 in Southern Hemisphere), with a total sample size of 44,611 subjects. Data were derived from FFQ or repeated 24 h-recalls. Dietary markers included total energy intake, protein, carbohydrates, fat, alcohol, sugars and fatty acids (saturated, mono and poly-unsaturated). Seasonality was assessed using the cosinor method stratifying on hemisphere and gender. Results Most nutrients did not show a significant seasonal variation. When individual studies were considered, the number of nutrients showing significant seasonal variations varied from 5 to none in men and from 6 to none in women. Jointly, in the Northern hemisphere, significant seasonal variations were found for sugar intake in both genders and for alcohol consumption in men only; in the Southern Hemisphere, significant seasonal variations were found for fat and monounsaturated fatty acids in women. Analysis of the three consecutive periods of the Bus Sante study in Switzerland showed that the number of significant seasonal variations decreased from 5 in 1993–1999 to 1 in 2006–2012 in men, and from 6 in 1993–1999 to none in 2006–2012 in women. Seasonal variation decreased over time for most nutrients, with the exception of monounsaturated fatty acids in men. Conclusions Seasonality of energy and macronutrients intake varies considerably according to study, with no common pattern and small magnitude of variation. Its amplitude appears to be declining over time. Systematic adjustment for season might not be necessary when assessing the effects of total energy and macronutrient intake on disease.

Atypical aetiology of a conjugal fever: autochthonous airport malaria between Paris and French Riviera: a case report

Abstract: Endemic malaria has been eradicated from France, but some falciparum malaria cases have been described in patients who have never travelled outside the country. Ms. V. 21 year-old and Mr. M. 23 year-old living together in Paris were on holiday in Saint Raphael (French Riviera). They presented with fever, vertigo and nausea. A blood smear made to control thrombocytopaenia revealed intra-erythrocytic forms of Plasmodium falciparum. The parasitaemia level was 0.15% for Ms. V and 3.2% for Mr. M. This couple had no history of blood transfusion or intravenous drug use. They had never travelled outside metropolitan France, but had recently travelled around France: to Saint Mard (close to Paris Charles de Gaulle (CdG) airport), to Barneville plage (in Normandy) and finally to Saint Raphael. The most probable hypothesis is an infection transmitted in Saint Mard by an imported anopheline mosquito at CdG airport. The DNA analysis of parasites from Ms. V.'s and Mr. M.'s blood revealed identical genotypes. Because it is unlikely that two different anopheline mosquitoes would be infected by exactly the same clones, the two infections must have been caused by the infective bites of the same infected mosquito.