Institut de veille sanitaire

About: Institut de veille sanitaire is a healthcare organization based out in Saint-Maurice, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Public health. The organization has 1055 authors who have published 1547 publications receiving 56945 citations. The organization is also known as: INVS & InVS.

Exposition au stress psychosocial chez les salariés des Pays de la Loire en 2002

Abstract: Resume Introduction Un reseau de surveillance epidemiologique des affections periarticulaires et de leurs facteurs de risque en milieu de travail a ete mis en place dans la region des Pays de la Loire depuis 2002. Sont rapportees ici uniquement les donnees concernant les facteurs de stress au travail. Methodes La surveillance epidemiologique a concerne, en 2002, 1 495 salaries (895 hommes, 600 femmes) representatifs des salaries de la region. Les trois dimensions psychosociales du modele « demande-autonomie » de Karasek (demande psychologique, latitude decisionnelle, soutien social au travail) ont ete evaluees a l’aide du Job Content Questionnaire de Karasek avant la consultation de medecine du travail. Resultats Environ 17 % des salaries sont exposes a une forte demande psychologique en disposant d’une faible latitude decisionnelle pour y faire face. Les situations de « tension au travail » combinant forte demande psychologique et faible latitude decisionnelle, associees ou non a un isolement social, sont particulierement frequentes, d’une part, dans les industries fortement taylorisees (industries agro-alimentaire, automobile) et, d’autre part, dans les services caracterises par des contraintes marchandes tres fortes comme le commerce et les services aux entreprises. Discussion L’etude confirme que l’exposition au stress professionnel n’est pas l’apanage des cadres, mais concerne un grand nombre d’agents de la fonction publique et d’employes et d’ouvriers du secteur prive. En effet, si les professions fortement qualifiees sont caracterisees par une forte demande psychologique, les individus disposent d’une latitude decisionnelle importante leur permettant de developper leurs capacites. Les professions peu qualifiees sont generalement confrontees a une moindre demande psychologique que les cadres. Cependant, a la difference des cadres, les individus ne disposent pas le plus souvent d’autonomie decisionnelle suffisante pour y faire face, ce qui est a l’origine de fortes tensions psychologiques, notamment lorsque le soutien social du collectif de travail et de la hierarchie est faible. Conclusion L’etude confirme dans un echantillon representatif de la population active la frequence de l’exposition aux situations de stress psychosocial en milieu de travail, quelle que soit la categorie socio-professionnelle. Les determinants du stress varient en fonction des categories, ce qui devrait etre pris en consideration par les programmes de prevention du stress en milieu de travail.

Epidemiology of bacterial meningitis in France in 2002

Abstract: In France, two sources of data, the mandatory notification and the hospital laboratory network EPIBAC, allow the health authorities to monitor the incidence of bacterial meningitis. In 2002 around 1,500 cases were estimated in France. The more common microorganisms were: Streptococcus pneumoniae 49% (incidence 1.19/100,000), Neisseria meningitidis 33% (incidence 0.83) and Streptococcus agalactiae (Streptococcus B) 11% (incidence 0.27). Listeria monocytogenes accounted for 4% of the cases (incidence 0.11) and Haemophilus influenzae accounted for 3% (incidence 0.08). Trends in incidence showed an increase of meningococci meningitis since 1996, a steady decrease of H. influenzae and Listeria meningitis since 1992, and a quasi stable number of pneumococci meningitis, streptococci B meningitis and tuberculosis meningitis in the last 10 years. The impact of preventive measures on the incidence of Listeria meningitis and H. influenzae b meningitis has been clearly demonstrated through the dramatic decrease of meningitis due to these microorganisms.

Re-emergence of dengue in Réunion, France, January to April 2012

Abstract: Since January 2012, 20 autochthonous cases of dengue virus (DENV) infection have been identified in Reunion. The first cases were detected on the western coast, but the two co-circulating viruses (DENV-1 and DENV-3) seemed to have spread later to different cities of the island. There is a non-negligible risk of increase in viral transmission over the following weeks, so health professionals and public health authorities in Reunion are preparing to face a potential epidemic. .

Sexual Behaviours of Homosexual and Bisexual Men in France: A Generational Approach

Abstract: Objective In high-income countries, the social and epidemiological contexts surrounding homosexuality and AIDS have changed profoundly in recent decades. This work sought to examine key indicators of the long-term sexual trajectories of successive generations of men who have sex with men (MSM) in France.

A time series study of drug sales and turbidity of tap water in Le Havre, France.

Abstract: The 80,000 inhabitants of the lower part of Le Havre obtain their water supply from two karstic springs, Radicatel and Saint-Laurent. Until 2000, the Radicatel water was settled when turbidity exceeded 3 NTU, then filtered and chlorinated, whereas the Saint-Laurent water was simply chlorinated. Our study aimed to characterize the link between water turbidity and the incidence of acute gastroenteritis (AGE). Records on drug sales used for the treatment of AGE were collected from January 1994 to June 1996 (period 1) and from March 1997 to July 2000 (period 2). Daily counts of drug sales were modeled using a Poisson Regression. We used data set 2 as a discovery set, identifying relevant (i.e. both significant and plausible) exposure covariates and lags. We then tested this model on period 1 as a replication dataset. In period 2, the daily drug sales correlated with finished water turbidity at both resources. Settling substantially modified the risk related to turbidity of both raw and finished waters at Radicatel. Correlations were reproducible in period 1 for water from the Radicatel spring. Timeliness of treatment adaptation to turbidity conditions appears to be crucial for reducing the infectious risk due to karstic waters.