Showing papers by "Northern Illinois University published in 2001"

The Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R): validation with clinical and nonclinical samples

Abstract: Past suicidal behaviors including ideation and attempts have been identified as significant risk factors for subsequent suicidal behavior. However, inadequate attention has been given to the development or validation of measures of past suicidal behavior. The present study examined the reliability and validity of a brief self-report measure of past suicidal behavior, the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R). Participants included psychiatric inpatient adolescents, high school students, psychiatric inpatient adults, and undergraduates. Logistic regression analyses provided empirical support for the usefulness of the SBQ-R as a risk measure of suicide to differentiate between suicide-risk and nonsuicidal study participants. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses indicated that the most useful cutoff scores on the SBQ-R were 7 for nonsuicidal samples, and 8 for clinical samples. Both the single SBQ-R Item 1 and SBQ-R total scores are recommended for use in clinical and nonclinical settings.

The Classroom Social Environment and Changes in Adolescents’ Motivation and Engagement During Middle School

Abstract: The authors investigated how students’ (N = 233) perceptions of the social environment of their eighth-grade classroom related to changes in motivation and engagement when they moved from seventh to eighth grade. In general, prior motivation and engagement were strong predictors of subsequent motivation and engagement, whereas gender, race, and prior achievement were not related to changes in motivation or engagement. A higher-order classroom social environment factor accounted for significant changes in all motivation and engagement outcomes. Four distinct dimensions of the social environment were differentially important in explaining changes in various indices of motivation and engagement. In general, however, students’ perceptions of teacher support, and the teacher as promoting interaction and mutual respect were related to positive changes in their motivation and engagement. Students’ perceptions of the teacher as promoting performance goals were related to negative changes in student motivation and...

Addition of Polarization and Diffuse Functions to the LANL2DZ Basis Set for P-Block Elements

Abstract: Diffuse and polarization functions have been optimized for the LANL2DZ basis set for elements in groups 14−17. The optimized exponents are in most cases similar to those optimized with different effective core potentials, valence basis sets, or computational models. The average of the LANL2DZ results for different models is taken to be the best generalized set of exponents. The extended basis set gives good results (average deviation from experiment 0.11 eV) for atomic electron affinities with the B3LYP model, but is consistently low with the MP2 model. The extended basis set gives similar performance to the all-electron 6-31+G(d) basis set in calculations of vibrational frequencies and bond energies in selected main-group compounds, and is intermediate in speed between the 6-31+G(d) basis set and the unmodified LANL2DZ basis set.

Extending social disorganization theory: modeling the relationships between cohesion, disorder, and fear*

Abstract: In this study, we build on recent social disorganization research, estimating models of the relationships between disorder, burglary, cohesion, and fear of crime using a sample of neighborhoods from three waves of the British Crime Survey. The results indicate that disorder has an indirect effect on burglary through fear and neighborhood cohesion. Although cohesion reduces disorder, nonrecursive models show that disorder also reduces cohesion. Part of the effect of disorder on cohesion is mediated by fear. Similar results are obtained in nonrecursive burglary models. Together, the results suggest a feedback loop in which decreases in neighborhood cohesion increase crime and disorder, increasing fear, in turn, further decreasing cohesion.

The Psychology Underlying Successful Retention Practices

Abstract: This article describes the psychological processes that lead to academic and social integration based on a retention model proposed by the authors (Bean & Eaton, 2000). It also describes how succes...

Early development of intractable epilepsy in children: a prospective study.

Abstract: Background : Little is known about early prediction of intractable epilepsy (IE) in children. Such information could help guide the early use of new therapies in selected patients. Methods: Children with newly diagnosed epilepsy (n = 613) were prospectively identified from child neurology practices in Connecticut (1993–1997) and followed-up for the occurrence of IE (failure of >2 drugs, >1 seizure/month, over 18 months). Etiology and epilepsy syndromes were classified per International League Against Epilepsy guidelines. Results : The median follow-up is 4.8 years, and 599 (97.7%) have been followed for more than 18 months. Sixty children (10.0%) have met the criteria for IE, including 34.6% with cryptogenic/symptomatic generalized, 2.7% with idiopathic, 10.7% with other localization–related, and 8.2% with unclassified epilepsy ( p p p = 0.02), and acute symptomatic or neonatal status epilepticus ( p = 0.001) were associated with an increased risk of IE, and age at onset between 5 and 9 years was associated with a lowered risk ( p = 0.03). The absolute number of seizures and unprovoked or febrile status epilepticus were not associated substantially with IE. Conclusions: Approximately 10% of children meet criteria for IE early in the course of their epilepsy. Cryptogenic/symptomatic generalized syndromes carry the highest risk and idiopathic syndromes the lowest. Half of IE occurs in children with nonidiopathic localization-related syndromes. Initial seizure frequency is highly predictive of IE. By contrast, absolute number of seizures and unprovoked or febrile status epilepticus are not.

Teachers' Communication of Goal Orientations in Four Fifth-Grade Classrooms

Abstract: We investigated the explicit and implicit ways in which 4 fifth-grade teachers communicated an emphasis on mastery and performance goal orientations to their students. We used survey data about perceptions of the classroom mastery and performance goal structures from 223 students in 10 classes to identify 4 classrooms with significantly different motivational profiles. We then used observational data to describe teachers' talk and practices regarding tasks, authority, recognition, grouping, evaluation, time, social interactions, and help-seeking in those classes. We found that teachers perceived as having a high mastery focus spoke about learning as an active process, and this was reflected in their practices. They required involvement from all students, emphasized effort, and encouraged student interaction. Those teachers also exhibited social and affective support for, and concern about, students' learning and progress. These practices were not observed in low mastery-focused classes. The teachers perce...

Muon Anomalous Magnetic Dipole Moment in Supersymmetric Theories

Abstract: We study the muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment in supersymmetric theories. The impact of the recent Brookhaven E821 experimental measurement on both model-independent and model-dependent supersymmetric parameter spaces is discussed in detail. We find that values of $\mathrm{tan}\ensuremath{\beta}$ as low as 3 can be obtained while remaining within the E821 one-sigma bound. This requires a light smuon; however, we show that, somewhat surprisingly, no model-independent bound can be placed on the mass of the lightest chargino for any $\mathrm{tan}\ensuremath{\beta}g~3.$ We also show that the maximum contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment are insensitive to CP-violating phases. We provide analyses of the supersymmetric contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment in dilaton-dominated supergravity models and gauge-mediated supersymmetry-breaking models. Finally, we discuss how other phenomena, such as $B(\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{b}s\ensuremath{\gamma}),$ relic abundance of the lightest superpartner, and the Higgs boson mass may be correlated with the anomalous magnetic moment, but do not significantly impact the viability of a supersymmetric explanation, or the mass limits obtainable on smuons and charginos.

Ubiquinone biosynthesis in microorganisms

Abstract: The quinoid nucleus of the benzoquinone, ubiquinone (coenzyme Q; Q), is derived from the shikimate pathway in bacteria and eukaryotic microorganisms. Ubiquinone is not considered a vitamin since mammals synthesize it from the essential amino acid tyrosine. Escherichia coli and other Gram-negative bacteria derive the 4-hydroxybenzoate required for the biosynthesis of Q directly from chorismate. The yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, can either form 4-hydroxybenzoate from chorismate or tyrosine. However, unlike mammals, S. cerevisiae synthesizes tyrosine in vivo by the shikimate pathway. While the reactions of the pathway leading from 4-hydroxybenzoate to Q are the same in both organisms the order in which they occur differs. The 4-hydroxybenzoate undergoes a prenylation, a decarboxylation and three hydroxylations alternating with three methylation reactions, resulting in the formation of Q. The methyl groups for the methylation reactions are derived from S-adenosylmethionine. While the prenyl side chain is formed by the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (non-mevalonate) pathway in E. coli, it is formed by the mevalonate pathway in the yeast.

Parents’ At-Home and At-School Academic Involvement with Young Adolescents

Abstract: A process-person-context model was used to investigate parental academic involvement with a nationally representative sample of young adolescents. Fathers of young adolescents were less involved at school than were mothers but similarly involved academically at home. Parents of struggling students were involved more in homework assistance and parents of successful students were involved more at school than were other parents. Parent educational level operated as a main effect and as a moderator. High school graduates helped their children with homework more than did parents who were not high school graduates; college-educated parents were involved more at school. Parents’ academic involvement at home was associated negatively with young adolescents’ academic grades and a standardized achievement test score, but associated positively with young adolescents’ school orientation. Parental at-school involvement was associated positively with young adolescents’ academic grades but not with either the standardiz...

Orbitally induced oscillations in the East Antarctic ice sheet at the Oligocene/Miocene boundary

Abstract: Between 34 and 15 million years (Myr) ago, when planetary temperatures were 3–4 °C warmer than at present and atmospheric CO2 concentrations were twice as high as today1, the Antarctic ice sheets may have been unstable2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. Oxygen isotope records from deep-sea sediment cores suggest that during this time fluctuations in global temperatures and high-latitude continental ice volumes were influenced by orbital cycles8, 9, 10. But it has hitherto not been possible to calibrate the inferred changes in ice volume with direct evidence for oscillations of the Antarctic ice sheets11. Here we present sediment data from shallow marine cores in the western Ross Sea that exhibit well dated cyclic variations, and which link the extent of the East Antarctic ice sheet directly to orbital cycles during the Oligocene/Miocene transition (24.1–23.7 Myr ago). Three rapidly deposited glacimarine sequences are constrained to a period of less than 450 kyr by our age model, suggesting that orbital influences at the frequencies of obliquity (40 kyr) and eccentricity (125 kyr) controlled the oscillations of the ice margin at that time. An erosional hiatus covering 250 kyr provides direct evidence for a major episode of global cooling and ice-sheet expansion about 23.7 Myr ago, which had previously been inferred from oxygen isotope data (Mi1 event5).

How long do new-onset seizures in children last?

Abstract: Although there are data on the duration of seizures in patients with refractory epilepsy, little is known about the duration of seizures in nonrefractory epilepsy populations. In a prospective study, seizure duration was determined in 407 children with a first unprovoked seizure using a structured interview and review of medical and ambulance records. Analysis focused on the distribution of seizure duration and on the conditional probability that a seizure would stop once it had already lasted for a specified time. Seizures lasted > or = 5 minutes in 50% of cases, > or = 10 minutes in 29%, > or = 20 minutes in 16%, and > or = 30 minutes in 12%. Seizure duration data were best fit as the sum of two exponential distributions, one with a mean of 3.6 minutes accounting for 76% of cases and the other with a mean of 31 minutes accounting for 24% of cases. The longer a seizure lasted, the less likely it was to stop within the next few minutes. In the 182 children with 2 or more seizures, the durations of the first and second seizures were highly correlated (r = 0.395, p < 0.0001). We conclude that the distribution of seizure duration in children with a first unprovoked seizure differs markedly from that observed in patients with refractory epilepsy. A subgroup of patients are predisposed to prolonged seizures. The data suggest that, once a seizure lasts for more than 5-10 minutes, it is unlikely to stop spontaneously within the next few minutes, and intervention is therefore indicated. These findings also support the continued use of the current definition of status epilepticus as a seizure lasting for 30 minutes or longer for epidemiologic studies.

Genetic Analysis Reveals Different Functions for the Products of the Thyroid Hormone Receptor α Locus

Abstract: Thyroid hormone receptors are encoded by the TRalpha (NR1A1) and TRbeta (NR1A2) loci. These genes are transcribed into multiple variants whose functions are unclear. Analysis by gene inactivation in mice has provided new insights into the functional complexity of these products. Different strategies designed to modify the TRalpha locus have led to strikingly different phenotypes. In order to analyze the molecular basis for these alterations, we generated mice devoid of all known isoforms produced from the TRalpha locus (TRalpha(0/0)). These mice are viable and exhibit reduced linear growth, bone maturation delay, moderate hypothermia, and reduced thickness of the intestinal mucosa. Compounding TRalpha(0) and TRbeta(-) mutations produces viable TRalpha(0/0)beta(-/-) mice, which display a more severe linear growth reduction and a more profound hypothermia as well as impaired hearing. A striking phenotypic difference is observed between TRalpha(0/0) and the previously described TRalpha(-/-) mice, which retain truncated TRDeltaalpha isoforms arising from a newly described promoter in intron 7. The lethality and severe impairment of the intestinal maturation in TRalpha(-/-) mice are rescued in TRalpha(0/0) animals. We demonstrate that the TRDeltaalpha protein isoforms, which are natural products of the TRalpha locus, are the key determinants of these phenotypical differences. These data reveal the functional importance of the non-T3-binding variants encoded by the TRalpha locus in vertebrate postnatal development and homeostasis.

Development and initial validation of the self-harm behavior questionnaire

Abstract: Evaluation of suicide-related behaviors and thoughts about suicide with a newly developed self-report instrument is described. The Self-Harm Behavior Questionnaire (SHBQ; Gutierrez, 1998) generates detailed clinical information from an easy to administer and score self-report form. A sample of 342 participants were drawn from university undergraduate students enrolled in various psychology courses. Participants were then divided into a severe suicidal ideation group (n = 20) and a nonsuicidal control group (n = 20) to conduct subgroup and criterion-related validity analyses. Preliminary analyses indicate this new questionnaire is both valid and reliable when used with young adults drawn from a nonclinical population. The questionnaire should be of use to both clinicians and researchers due to the flexibility of the data generated.

Biosynthesis of menaquinone (vitamin K2) and ubiquinone (coenzyme Q) : A perspective on enzymatic mechanisms

Abstract: The benzoquinone ubiquinone (coenzyme Q) and the naphthoquinones menaquinone (vitamin K2) and demethylmenaquinone are derived from the shikimate pathway, which has been described as a "metabolic tree with many branches." Menaquinone (MK) is considered a vitamin, but coenzyme (Q) is not; MK is an essential nutrient (it cannot be synthesized by mammals), whereas Q is not considered an essential nutrient since it can be synthesized from the amino acid tyrosine. The quinone nucleus of Q is derived directly from chorismate, whereas that of MK is derived from chorismate via isochorismate. The prenyl side chain of both quinones is derived from prenyl diphosphate, and the methyl groups are derived from S-adenosylmethionine. MK biosynthesis requires 2-ketoglutarate and the cofactors ATP, coenzyme A (CoASH), and thiamine pyrophosphate. In spite of the fact that both quinones originate from the shikimate pathway, there are important differences in their biosynthesis. In MK biosynthesis, the prenyl side chain is introduced in the next to last step, which is accompanied by loss of the carboxyl group, whereas in Q biosynthesis, the prenyl side chain is introduced at the second step, with retention of the carboxyl group. In MK biosynthesis, all the reactions of the pathway up to the prenylation (next to last step) are carried out by soluble enzymes, whereas all the enzymes involved in Q biosynthesis except the first are membrane bound. In MK biosynthesis the last step is a C-methylation; in Q biosynthesis, the last step is an O-methylation. In Q biosynthesis a second C-methylation and O-methylation take place in the middle part of the pathway. In spite of the fact that Q and MK biosynthesis diverges at chorismate, the C-methylations involved in both pathways are carried out by the same enzyme. Finally, Q biosynthesis under aerobic conditions requires molecular oxygen; anaerobic biosynthesis of Q and MK incorporates oxygen atoms derived from water. The current status of the pathways with particular emphasis on the reaction mechanisms, is discussed in this review.

Real-time digital signal processing

Abstract: Preface. Chapter 1. Introduction to Real-Time Digital Signal Processing. Chapter 2. Introduction to TMS320C55x Digital Signal Processor. Chapter 3. DSP Fundamentals and Implementation Considerations. Chapter 4. Design and Implementation of FIR Filters. Chapter 5. Design and Implementation of IIR Filters. Chapter 6. Frequency Analysis and Fast Fourier Transform. Chapter 7. Adaptive Filtering. Chapter 8. Digital Signal Generators. Chapter 9. Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency Detection. Chapter 10. Adaptive Echo Cancellation. Chapter 11. Speech Coding Techniques. Chapter 12. Speech Enhancement Techniques. Chapter 13. Audio Signal Processing. Chapter 14. Channel Coding Techniques. Chapter 15. Introduction to Digital Image Processing. Appendix A: Some Useful Formulas and Definitions. A.1 Trigonometric Identities. A.2 Geometric Series. A.3 Complex Variables. A.4 Units of Power. References. Appendix B: Software Organization and List of Experiments. Index.

Attitudes and Family Violence: Linking Intergenerational and Cultural Theories

Abstract: Drawing on intergenerational transmission and cultural (attitudinal) theories, this study examines the extent to which attitudes help explain (1) the relationship between experiencing violence while growing up and subsequent violence against one amp apose;s children and spouse, and(2) demographic differences in violence. Structural equation modeling techniques are used to examine data from a representative sample of the general population and a sample of ex-offenders. The findings indicate that experiencing violence while growing up is related to favorable attitudes towards violence against spouses. The experience of violence while growing up and attitudes are related to violence against both children and spouses. The relationship between experiencing violence while growing up and engaging in violence against spouses is mediated by attitudes. The results also suggest that men and nonwhites are more approving of violence towards spouses. However, attitudes do not account for demographic differences in violence against children and spouses.

Modeling processes in recovery from mental illness: relationships between symptoms, life satisfaction, and self-concept.

Abstract: For persons with severe mental illness, controlling symptoms, regaining a positive sense of self, dealing with stigma and discrimination, and trying to lead a productive and satisfying life is increasingly referred to as the ongoing process of recovery. Drawing on psychiatric-medical and stress-social support models, and theories of self-concept and stigma, this study examines social-psychological processes in recovery from mental illness, Using longitudinal questionnaire data from 610 persons in self-help groups and outpatient treatment, I estimate a series of models of the relationships between key elements identified as part of the recovery process: symptoms, self-concept, and life satisfaction. The results show that these elements affect each other in a reciprocal manner. Moreover, findings indicate a key role for self-esteem, which mediates the effect of life satisfaction on symptoms. The study suggests a general framework for examining processes involved in recovery from mental illness.

Making meaning brings pleasure: the influence of titles on aesthetic experiences.

Abstract: The extent to which titles influence aesthetic experiences was examined in 3 experiments. Participants viewed and rated illustrations and photographs on understanding and qualities of the aesthetic experience (e.g., enjoyment, interest). The presence and type of title were manipulated across conditions and experiments. Metaphorical titles led to greater aesthetic experiences than either no title or descriptive titles (the elaboration effect). The elaboration effect occurred regardless of whether participants believed the titles to be true or false. It also occurred for art-experienced participants, but only for representational and not abstract illustrations. Random titles lowered understanding but not aesthetic experiences. Overall, titles increased aesthetic experiences only when they contributed to rich and coherent representations.

Indexing space and time in film understanding

Abstract: We investigated the extent to which understanders monitor shifts in time and space during film comprehension. Participants viewed a feature-length film and identified those points in the film in which they perceived a change in situation. We performed an a priori analysis of the films to identify the shifts in time, the movement of characters, and region. The relationship between the theoretical analysis of the films and the participants judgements of situational change was assessed. The results provide support for the Event Indexing Model and suggest that situation models for filmed events are indexed along multiple dimensions of situational continuity. Furthermore, the pattern of results was similar for narrative film as they are for narrative text. This finding suggest that there are general mechanisms for event understanding that operate independently of medium or mode of experience. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Dating Caral, a Preceramic Site in the Supe Valley on the Central Coast of Peru

Abstract: Radiocarbon dates from the site of Caral in the Supe Valley of Peru indicate that monumental corporate architecture, urban settlement, and irrigation agriculture began in the Americas by 4090 years before the present (2627 calibrated years B.C.) to 3640 years before the present (1977 calibrated years B.C.). Caral is located 23 kilometers inland from the Pacific coast and contains a central zone of monumental, residential, and nonresidential architecture covering an area of 65 hectares. Caral is one of 18 large preceramic sites in the Supe Valley.

Supporting Efficient Execution in Heterogeneous Distributed Computing Environments with Cactus and Globus

Abstract: Improvements in the performance of processors and networks make it both feasible and interesting to treat collections of workstations, servers, clusters, and supercomputers as integrated computational resources, or Grids. However, the highly heterogeneous and dynamic nature of such Grids can make application development difficult. Here we describe an architecture and prototype implementation for a Grid-enabled computational framework based on Cactus, the MPICH-G2 Grid-enabled message-passing library, and a variety of specialized features to support efficient execution in Grid environments. We have used this framework to perform record-setting computations in numerical relativity, running across four supercomputers and achieving scaling of 88% (1140 CPU's) and 63% (1500 CPUs). The problem size we were able to compute was about five times larger than any other previous run. Further, we introduce and demonstrate adaptive methods that automatically adjust computational parameters during run time, to increase dramatically the efficiency of a distributed Grid simulation, without modification of the application and without any knowledge of the underlying network connecting the distributed computers.

Relationship between structural parameters and the Néel temperature in Sr 1 − x Ca x MnO 3 ( 0 x 1 ) and Sr 1 − y Ba y MnO 3 ( y 0 . 2 )

Abstract: The crystal and magnetic structures of newly synthesized ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{x}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ $(0l~xl~1)$ and ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{1\ensuremath{-}y}{\mathrm{Ba}}_{y}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ $(yl~0.2)$ perovskite materials (of the $\mathrm{AB}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ type) were investigated using neutron and synchrotron x-ray powder diffraction at temperatures between 10 and 530 K. Upon decreasing the size of the A-site ion (or the unit-cell size) a series of structural transitions appears at room temperature from cubic $\mathrm{Pm}3\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{}m$ to tetragonal $I4/mcm$ (at $x\ensuremath{\sim}0.3)$ to orthorhombic Pbnm at $x\ensuremath{\sim}0.4.$ In agreement with neutron-diffraction data, resistive and magnetic measurements show that the samples are antiferromagnetic with N\'eel temperatures ${T}_{N},$ varying from 233 to \ensuremath{\sim}125 K and from 233 to 212 K by increasing the Ca and Ba contents, respectively. The observed variation of ${T}_{N}$ cannot be solely explained by the changes of the unit-cell size or the average Mn-O-Mn bond angle \ensuremath{\theta}. The behavior of ${T}_{N}$ can be satisfactorily described as a function of $〈{\mathrm{cos}}^{2}\ensuremath{\theta}〉$ related to the superexchange interaction integral, and ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}^{2},$ the A-site ionic size variance [L. M. Rodriguez-Martinez and J. P. Attfield, Phys. Rev. B 54, R15 622 (1996)] regardless of the structural symmetry of the perovskite material.

Science education in an urban elementary school: Case studies of teacher beliefs and classroom practices

Abstract: Through a case study approach, the state of science education in an urban elementary school was examined in detail. Observations made from the perspective of a science education specialist, an educational psychologist, and an expert elementary teacher were triangulated to provide a set of perspectives from which elementary science instruction could be examined. Findings revealed that teachers were more poorly prepared than had been anticipated, both in terms of science content knowledge and instructional skills, but also with respect to the quality of classroom pedagogical and management skills. Particularly significant, from a science education perspective, was the inconsistency between how they perceived their teaching practice (a “hands-on,” inquiry-based approach) and the investigator-observed expository nature of the lessons. Lessons were typically expository in nature, with little higher-level interaction of significance. Implications for practice and the associated needs for staff development among urban elementary teachers is discussed within the context of these findings. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Sci Ed85:89–110, 2001.

Predictors of Employee Deviance: The Relationship Between Bad Attitudes and Bad Behavior

Abstract: Employee deviance is a serious problem for business owners. To reduce this problem, researchers have attempted to predict which employees are more likely to exhibit deviant behavior based on their attitudes. Although many researchers have successfully predicted various types of employee deviance from attitudes, very little information is available detailing which attitudes are more useful in predicting each type of deviant employee behavior. In the present study, four attitude variables (theft approval, company contempt, intent to quit, and dissatisfaction) were used to predict four types of deviant employee behavior (absenteeism, substance abuse, privilege abuse, and theft). Results show that each attitude has a specific and stable pattern of relationships with the four types of deviance.

The Quest for Identity: International Relations of Southeast Asia

Abstract: This text seeks to provide an understanding of Southest Asia as a region, the problems of statehood faced by the individual countries, and the search for regional order, peace and stability. It also explores Southeast Asia's adaptation to the changing world order, and long-term changes in terms of economic, political, and security implications. The book is intended for students of Southeast Asian studies , political science and economics.