Institution
Rhône-Poulenc
About: Rhône-Poulenc is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Alkyl & Catalysis. The organization has 8909 authors who have published 8934 publications receiving 182241 citations. The organization is also known as: Rhone-Poulenc.
Topics: Alkyl, Catalysis, Alkoxy group, Aqueous solution, Receptor
Papers published on a yearly basis
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06 May 1992TL;DR: In this article, a method of inhibiting abnormal cell proliferation in a patient suffering from a disorder characterized by such proliferation comprising the administration of an EGF and/or PDGF receptor inhibiting effective amount of said bis mono-and/or bicyclic aryl/or heteroaryl compound and their preparation of said compounds and their use in pharmaceutical compositions used in this method.
Abstract: This invention relates to bis mono- and/or bicyclic aryl and/or heteroaryl compounds exhibiting protein tyrosine kinase inhibition activity. More specifically, it relates to the method of inhibiting abnormal cell proliferation in a patient suffering from a disorder characterized by such proliferation comprising the administration thereto of an EGF and/or PDGF receptor inhibiting effective amount of said bis mono- and/or bicyclic aryl and/or heteroaryl compound and to the preparation of said compounds and their use in pharmaceutical compositions used in this method.
546 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that consideration of only a single conformer when computing PSA gives an excellent correlation with intestinal absorption data-as good as previously reported methods employing multiple conformers.
545 citations
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TL;DR: It is demonstrated that increased fermentation occurs in the small intestine when a large amount of viscous NSPs is present in the diet and this is detrimental to the performance and well-being of poultry.
Abstract: 1. The mechanism of the anti-nutritive activities of soluble non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) in broiler diets was investigated with emphasis on the inter-relationship between viscosity and fermentation along the gut. Isolated soluble NSP were added to a control diet to effect high gut viscosity, and in vivo depolymerisation of the NSP was achieved using a commercial glycanase. 2. Addition of soluble NSPs significantly (P < 0.01) increased gut viscosity, reduced the AME of the diet and depressed the growth and FCE of the birds. Enzyme supplementation of the NSP-enriched diet reversed the adverse effects, increasing (P < 0.01) weight gain, FCE and AME. Comparisons of the viscosities (mPa) in birds fed on the NSP-enriched diet and the same diet supplemented with enzyme were respectively: 11.9 v. 2.3 in the duodenum; 78.3 v. 4.4 in the jejunum and 409.3 v. 10.8 in the ileum. 3. Caecal volatile fatty acid concentration was markedly (P < 0.01) elevated by enzyme supplementation, whereas ileal fermentation was inhibited. 4. Microscopic examination revealed that, among birds fed on the NSP-enriched diet, there had been extensive small intestinal fermentation, which was eliminated by the enzyme supplementation. 5. Addition of a synthetic antibiotic (Amoxil) had no beneficial effects. 6. The current study demonstrated that increased fermentation occurs in the small intestine when a large amount of viscous NSPs is present in the diet and this is detrimental to the performance and well-being of poultry.
537 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that a wide variety of different mutations in the parkin gene are a common cause of autosomal recessive parkinsonism in Europe and that different types of point mutations seem to be more frequently responsible for the disease phenotype than are deletions.
Abstract: Autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism (AR-JP, PARK2; OMIM 602544), one of the monogenic forms of Parkinson's disease (PD), was initially described in Japan. It is characterized by early onset (before age 40), marked response to levodopa treatment and levodopa-induced dyskinesias, The gene responsible for AR-JP was recently identified and designated parkin, We have analysed the 12 coding exons of the parkin gene in 35 mostly European families with early onset autosomal recessive parkinsonism. In one family, a homozygous deletion of exon 4 could be demonstrated. By direct sequencing of the exons in the index patients of the remaining 34 families, eight previously undescribed point. mutations (homozygous or heterozygous) were detected in eight families that included 20 patients, The mutations segregated with the disease in the families and were not detected on 110-166 control chromosomes. Four mutations caused truncation of the parkin protein. Three were frameshifts (202-203delAG, 255delA and 321-322insGT) and one a nonsense mutation (Trp453Stop). The other four were missense mutations (Lys161Asn, Arg256Cys, Arg275Trp and Thr415Asn) that probably affect amino acids that are important for the function of the parkin protein, since they result in the same phenotype as truncating mutations or homozygous exon deletions. Mean age at onset was 38 +/- 12 years, but onset up to age 58 was observed. Mutations in the parkin gene are therefore not invariably associated with early onset parkinsonism. In many patients, the phenotype is indistinguishable from that of idiopathic PD. This study has shown that a wide variety of different mutations in the parkin gene are a common cause of autosomal recessive parkinsonism in Europe and that different types of point mutations seem to be more frequently responsible for the disease phenotype than are deletions.
532 citations
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TL;DR: The aim of the present investigation was to improve the extraction, purification, and quantification of DNA derived from as large a portion of the soil microbial community as possible, with special emphasis placed on obtaining DNA from gram-positive bacteria, which form structures that are difficult to disrupt.
Abstract: In recent years, several protocols based on the extraction of nucleic acids directly from the soil matrix after lysis treatment have been developed for the detection of microorganisms in soil. Extraction efficiency has often been evaluated based on the recovery of a specific gene sequence from an organism inoculated into the soil. The aim of the present investigation was to improve the extraction, purification, and quantification of DNA derived from as large a portion of the soil microbial community as possible, with special emphasis placed on obtaining DNA from gram-positive bacteria, which form structures that are difficult to disrupt. Furthermore, we wanted to identify and minimize the biases related to each step in the procedure. Six soils, covering a range of pHs, clay contents, and organic matter contents, were studied. Lysis was carried out by soil grinding, sonication, thermal shocks, and chemical treatments. DNA was extracted from the indigenous microflora as well as from inoculated bacterial cells, spores, and hyphae, and the quality and quantity of the DNA were determined by gel electrophoresis and dot blot hybridization. Lysis efficiency was also estimated by microscopy and viable cell counts. Grinding increased the extracellular DNA yield compared with the yield obtained without any lysis treatment, but none of the subsequent treatments clearly increased the DNA yield. Phage λ DNA was inoculated into the soils to mimic the fate of extracellular DNA. No more than 6% of this DNA could be recovered from the different soils. The clay content strongly influenced the recovery of DNA. The adsorption of DNA to clay particles decreased when the soil was pretreated with RNA in order to saturate the adsorption sites. We also investigated different purification techniques and optimized the PCR methods in order to develop a protocol based on hybridization of the PCR products and quantification by phosphorimaging.
523 citations
Authors
Showing all 8909 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Bart Staels | 152 | 824 | 86638 |
Joseph Schlessinger | 150 | 492 | 98862 |
Jean-Marie Lehn | 123 | 1054 | 84616 |
Angus C. Nairn | 118 | 469 | 44330 |
Allan I. Basbaum | 114 | 355 | 55532 |
Patrick Couvreur | 111 | 678 | 56735 |
Joël Vandekerckhove | 107 | 452 | 38241 |
Jules A. Hoffmann | 106 | 244 | 43596 |
Johan Richard | 95 | 499 | 25915 |
Jacques Mallet | 81 | 408 | 24502 |
Roland Douce | 80 | 284 | 18239 |
David Givol | 80 | 260 | 20057 |
Jean-Antoine Girault | 77 | 246 | 19592 |
Michel Perricaudet | 76 | 296 | 20063 |
Jean-Marie Basset | 75 | 737 | 23390 |