Institution
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
Education•Houston, Texas, United States•
About: University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston is a education organization based out in Houston, Texas, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 27309 authors who have published 42520 publications receiving 2151596 citations. The organization is also known as: UTHealth & The UT Health Science Center at Houston.
Topics: Population, Cancer, Poison control, Medicine, Health care
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: Some colorectal cancers arise from a field defect defined by epigenetic inactivation of MGMT, and detection of this abnormality may ultimately be useful in risk assessment for coloreCTal cancer.
Abstract: Background: Sporadic colorectal cancers often arise from a region of cells characterized by a “ fi eld defect ” that has not been well defi ned molecularly. DNA methylation has been proposed as a candidate mediator of this fi eld defect. The DNA repair gene O 6 -methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is frequently methylated in colorectal cancer. We hypothesized that MGMT methylation could be one of the mediators of fi eld cancerization in the colon mucosa. Methods: We studied MGMT promoter methylation by three different bisulfi te-based techniques in tumor, adjacent mucosa, and nonadjacent mucosa from 95 colorectal cancer patients and in colon mucosa from 33 subjects with no evidence of cancer. Statistical tests were two-sided. Results: MGMT promoter methylation was present in 46% of the tumors. Patients whose cancer had MGMT promoter methylation also had substantial MGMT promoter methylation in apparently normal adjacent mucosa. This methylation was seen with a quantitative assay in 50% (22/44; 95% confi dence interval [CI] = 34% to 65%) of normal samples with MGMT promoter methylation in the adjacent tumors, 6% (3/51; 95% CI = 1% to 16%) of samples without MGMT methylation in adjacent tumors, and 12% (4/33; 95% CI = 3% to 28%) of control samples ( P <.001 for comparison between each of the latter two groups and the fi rst group). MGMT methylation was detected with a more sensitive assay in 94%, 34%, and 27% of these samples, respectively ( P <.001 ). In grossly normal colonic mucosa of colon cancer patients, methylation was detected 10 cm away from the tumor in 10 of 13 cases. Tumors with MGMT promoter methylation had a higher rate of G-to-A mutation in the KRAS oncogene than tumors without MGMT promoter methylation (10/42 versus 3/46, P = .03). Using a sensitive mutant allelespecifi c amplifi cation assay for KRAS mutations, we also found KRAS mutations in 12% (3/25; 95% CI = 2.5% to 31%) of colorectal mucosas with detectable MGMT methylation and 3% (2/64; 95% CI = 0.4% to 11%) of colorectal mucosas without MGMT methylation ( P = .13). Conclusion: Some colorectal cancers arise from a fi eld defect defi ned by epigenetic inactivation of MGMT. Detection of this abnormality may ultimately be useful in risk assessment for colorectal cancer. [J Natl Cancer Inst 2005;97:1330 – 8]
461 citations
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TL;DR: A recessive mutation was identified in a family of transgenic mice that resulted in a reversal of left-right polarity (situs inversus) in 100 percent of the homozygoustransgenic mice tested, identifying a gene that controls embryonic turning and visceral left- right polarity.
Abstract: A recessive mutation was identified in a family of transgenic mice that resulted in a reversal of left-right polarity (situs inversus) in 100 percent of the homozygous transgenic mice tested. Sequences that flanked the transgenic integration site were cloned and mapped to mouse chromosome 4, between the Tsha and Hxb loci. During early embryonic development, the direction of postimplantation turning, one of the earliest manifestations of left-right asymmetry, was reversed in homozygous transgenic embryos. This insertional mutation identifies a gene that controls embryonic turning and visceral left-right polarity.
461 citations
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Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center1, Columbia University Medical Center2, Northwestern University3, National Institutes of Health4, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston5, Stanford University6, Washington University in St. Louis7, Odense University Hospital8, university of lille9, Samsung Medical Center10, Hackensack University Medical Center11, Freeman Hospital12, Charles University in Prague13, University of Debrecen14, Saitama Medical University15, China Medical University (Taiwan)16, University of Washington Medical Center17, University of British Columbia18, University of Bologna19, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company20, Seattle Genetics21, University of Göttingen22
TL;DR: Front-line treatment with A+CHP is superior to CHOP for patients with CD30-positive peripheral T-cell lymphomas as shown by a significant improvement in progression-free survival and overall survival with a manageable safety profile.
461 citations
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TL;DR: This study demonstrates that the use of haplotypes can significantly improve the power and robustness of mapping disease genes and derive the analytical tools based on standard chi-square statistics to directly investigate and compare the power between multilocus haplotypes and single marker LD tests.
Abstract: The genetic dissection of complex diseases represents a formidable challenge for modern human genetics. Recently, it has been suggested that linkage disequilibrium (LD) based methods will be a powerful approach for delineating complex disease genes. Most proposed LD test statistics search for association between a single marker and a putative trait locus. However, the power of a single marker association test may suffer because LD information contained in flanking markers is ignored. Intuitively, haplotypes (which can be regarded as a collection of ordered markers) may be more powerful than individual, unorganised markers. In this study, we derive the analytical tools based on standard chi-square statistics to directly investigate and compare the power between multilocus haplotypes and single marker LD tests. More specifically, novel formulas are obtained in order to calculate expected haplotype frequencies of unlimited size. This study demonstrates that the use of haplotypes can significantly improve the power and robustness of mapping disease genes. Additionally, we detail how the power of haplotype based association tests are affected by important population genetic parameters such as the genetic distance between markers and disease locus, mode of disease inheritance, age of trait causing mutation, frequency of associated marker allele, and level of initial LD. Finally, published data from the Hereditary Hemochromatosis disease region is used to illustrate the utility of haplotypes.
460 citations
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University of California, San Francisco1, Washington University in St. Louis2, Rush University Medical Center3, Harvard University4, Jacobi Medical Center5, University of Pennsylvania6, Brown University7, University of Southern California8, California Pacific Medical Center9, Oregon Health & Science University10, University of Utah11, Emory University12, University of California, Davis13, Group Health Cooperative14, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston15, Hennepin County Medical Center16, University of Texas at Austin17
TL;DR: Initial ultrasonography was associated with lower cumulative radiation exposure than initial CT, without significant differences in high-risk diagnoses with complications, serious adverse events, pain scores, return emergency department visits, hospitalizations, or hospitalizations.
Abstract: Background There is a lack of consensus about whether the initial imaging method for patients with suspected nephrolithiasis should be computed tomography (CT) or ultrasonography. Methods In this multicenter, pragmatic, comparative effectiveness trial, we randomly assigned patients 18 to 76 years of age who presented to the emergency department with suspected nephrolithiasis to undergo initial diagnostic ultrasonography performed by an emergency physician (point-of-care ultrasonography), ultrasonography performed by a radiologist (radiology ultrasonography), or abdominal CT. Subsequent management, including additional imaging, was at the discretion of the physician. We compared the three groups with respect to the 30-day incidence of high-risk diagnoses with complications that could be related to missed or delayed diagnosis and the 6-month cumulative radiation exposure. Secondary outcomes were serious adverse events, related serious adverse events (deemed attributable to study participation), pain (assess...
459 citations
Authors
Showing all 27450 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Paul M. Ridker | 233 | 1242 | 245097 |
Eugene Braunwald | 230 | 1711 | 264576 |
Eric N. Olson | 206 | 814 | 144586 |
Hagop M. Kantarjian | 204 | 3708 | 210208 |
André G. Uitterlinden | 199 | 1229 | 156747 |
Gordon B. Mills | 187 | 1273 | 186451 |
Eric Boerwinkle | 183 | 1321 | 170971 |
Bruce M. Psaty | 181 | 1205 | 138244 |
Aaron R. Folsom | 181 | 1118 | 134044 |
Daniel R. Weinberger | 177 | 879 | 128450 |
Bharat B. Aggarwal | 175 | 706 | 116213 |
Richard A. Gibbs | 172 | 889 | 249708 |
Russel J. Reiter | 169 | 1646 | 121010 |
James F. Sallis | 169 | 825 | 144836 |
Steven N. Blair | 165 | 879 | 132929 |