Showing papers in "Annals of Epidemiology in 2021"

TL;DR: In this article, the authors search PubMed and EMBASE databases for articles evaluating the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients that included clinical outcomes, between December 2020 and 24 April 2020.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors described the dynamics of COVID-19 cases and deaths in rural and urban counties in the U.S. using data from April 1 to November 12, 2020, from Johns Hopkins University.

TL;DR: The associations differed by race, suggesting that neighborhood context may be most tightly linked to COVID-19 mortality among whiteResidents, and communities that may benefit from targeted campaigns for prevention and testing to prevent future deaths from CO VID-19.

TL;DR: Evaluating associations between counties’ COVID-19 cases and racial-ethnic and nativity composition, considering heterogeneity across Latin American-origin subgroups and regions of the U.S. concludes that counties with more immigrants, as well as more Central American or Black residents have more CO VID- 19 cases.

TL;DR: Sweden followed a mitigation strategy focused on risk-tailored approaches to mitigate specific acquisition risks among the elderly, minimizing the disruption to education and the delivery of other health care services, and recommendations for social distancing to minimize the disease burden.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined monthly trends and disparities in health status by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES), using Logistic regression models and disparity indices were used to analyze trends and inequalities.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to describe the most recent prevalence and trends of pre-diabetes/diabetes in urban and rural India.

TL;DR: During the anti-extradition bill protests, the prevalence of probable depression and suicidal ideation were substantially higher than would be expected and higher during the Umbrella Movement of 2014.

TL;DR: The high of SARS-CoV-2 in a large urban jail highlights the importance of including correctional facilities in public health strategies for COVID-19, and the absence of more aggressive mitigation strategies, correctional facilities will continue to contribute to community infections.

TL;DR: The mortality of CDH has decreased over time, and remains high during the first week and varied by registry type.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) decedents in California (CA) and evaluate for disproportionate mortality across race/ethnicity and ethnicity/nativity.

TL;DR: Evidence for the untapped potential of community contact tracing to respond to regional needs, confront barriers to effective quarantine and mitigate the spread of COVID-19 is provided.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared per-capita rates of COVID-19 cases and deaths across neighborhoods in Toronto by proportion of the population working in essential services and found that the population who continued to serve the essential needs of society throughout COVID19 shouldered a disproportionate burden of transmission and deaths.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined trends over time in the prevalence of anxiety and depression among Canadian nurses: 6 months before, 1-month after, and 3 months after COVID-19 was declared a pandemic.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed how factors related to social vulnerability impact a community's ability to stay home during a stay-at-home order and found that people with higher percentages of single-parent households, mobile homes, and persons with lower educational attainment were associated with lower stay at home behavior compared with counties with lower respective percentages.

TL;DR: For example, this paper examined the probability of being identified as a county with rapidly increasing COVID-19 incidence (rapid riser identification) during the summer of 2020 by implementation of mitigation policies prior to the summer, overall and by urbanicity.

TL;DR: Increased source-specific PM2.5 concentrations were associated with both increased and decreased rates of neurodegenerative hospital admissions, but there were no clear associations between overall ambient PM2-5 concentrations or source apportioned ambient PM3.5 contributions and rates of neurologic disease hospitalizations.

TL;DR: Material hardship is associated with adverse health outcomes in early adulthood, and these relationships are robust after accounting for various sociodemographic characteristics and family background.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors quantified the magnitude of risk heterogeneity in Toronto, Ontario from January-November, 2020 using a retrospective, population-based observational study using surveillance data and generated epidemic curves by social determinants of health and crude Lorenz curves by neighbourhoods to visualize inequities in the distribution of COVID-19 and estimated Gini coefficients.

TL;DR: The PheWAS is an efficient way to identify risk factors for disease using population-based registry data and shows pre-gestational diabetes is associated with a broader range of phenotypes than previously reported.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the strengths and weaknesses of various methodological approaches that have been implemented as well as clarify several common errors that exist in the literature and provide vital insights for future studies with these now ubiquitous sources of data in the field.

TL;DR: Findings highlight disparities in coronavirus testing among communities with rural minorities, and limited testing in these communities may misrepresent coronav virus incidence.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identified regional and socioeconomic predictors of perceived ability to access Coronavirus testing during the early months of the pandemic, and found that higher income and possession of health insurance were associated with perceived access to CoronAVirus testing.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assess whether there is a phase of accelerated health deficit accumulation (terminal health decline) in late-life and find evidence for an observable terminal health decline in the FI following declining physiological reserves and failing repair mechanisms.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated whether racial and economic residential segregation were associated with COVID-19 related factors in the nation's capital, Washington D.C., during the first year of the pandemic.

TL;DR: This analysis reports COVID-19 patient demographics, infection, mortality, and case-fatality rates in the veteran population, and found black veterans had higher mortality rates but lower case fatality rates when than white veterans.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors verify the incidence of physical inactivity and excessive screen time during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic among Brazilian adults, as well as identify sub-groups that are more affected by the quarantine actions.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed an analytical framework for integrating the necessary data on cumulative vaccinations and natural infections at the state and national level to guide vaccine roll-out and other aspects of control over the coming months.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify life-long body mass index (BMI) trajectories across two related generations and estimate their associated mortality risks and population attributable deaths and use latent trajectory models to model BMI trajectories from age 31 to 80.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the association between maternal adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and having an unwanted (i.e., a pregnancy that occurred sooner than wanted) or mistimed pregnancy.