Showing papers in "Biorheology in 2002"

TL;DR: The neutralization of IL-1 and/or TNF-alpha up-regulation of MMP gene expression appears to be a logical development in the potential medical therapy of OA, and experimental evidence showing that neutralizing T NF-alpha suppressed cartilage degradation in arthritis also support such strategy.

TL;DR: A better understanding of chondrocyte integrin signaling is needed to define the mechanisms by which the ECM regulates chondROcyte function.

TL;DR: The problem of peristaltic transport of a couple stress fluid in uniform and non-uniform two-dimensional channels has been investigated under zero Reynolds number with long wavelength approximation and the pressure rise is found to be greater than that for a Newtonian fluid.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of three different in vitro environments: static flasks, mixed flasks and rotating bioreactors (tissues dynamically suspended in laminar flow) on engineered cartilage constructs and native cartilage explants were discussed.

TL;DR: Two disparate modern molecular techniques, microarray analyses of gene expression and real-time spatial imaging of living cell structures, are being utilized in studies of endothelial mechanotransduction associated with controlled shear stress in vitro and haemodynamics in vivo.

TL;DR: A method was developed which simultaneously solves Navier-Stokes equations for local information and a non-linear system of ordinary differential equations for global information based on the principle that an anatomically detailed 3D model of a cardiovascular district can be achieved by using the finite element method.

TL;DR: Work in the laboratory suggests that this chondroprotective response may be aberrant in osteoarthritis (OA), and altered mechanotransduction and signalling in OA may contribute to changes in chONDrocyte behaviour leading to increased cartilage breakdown and disease progression.

TL;DR: A non-invasive methodology has been developed to determine the intrinsic tissue stiffness and the intrinsic fixed charge density for hydrated soft tissues such as articular cartilage and this model was used to predict the mechanical and electrochemical events inside the tissue specimen under a confined compression stress relaxation test.

TL;DR: Understanding these processes could help explain how changes in blood vessel wall structure occur in the context of atherosclerosis or aortic aneurisms.

TL;DR: Findings indicate that in vivo articular cartilage chondrocyte senescence is responsible, at least in part, for the age related increased incidence of OA and imply that people vary in their risk of developing OA because of differences in onset of chondrosclerosis.

TL;DR: It is shown that mechanical loads which suppress sulphate incorporation or protein synthesis by articular chondrocytes, also inhibit rates of oxygen uptake and of lactate production and suggest that load-induced changes in matrix synthesis in cartilage can occur by means other than changes in gene expression.

TL;DR: None of the animal models of OA is a good indicator of the analgesic effects of pharmacologic agents, and it should not be assumed a priori that reduction in the rate of progression of joint damage in OA will be associated with a reduction in joint pain.

TL;DR: Analysis of matrix deposition around individual chondrocytes in agarose suspension culture provided cell-scale insight into the mechanisms of assembly of matrix proteins and proteoglycans in de novo matrix, and may aid in the development of tissue engineering methods for cartilage repair.

TL;DR: The viscoelastic properties of bovine liver tissue in shear loading have been measured using relaxation and constant shear rate loading, and the response can be modelled using a nonlinear viscoELastic differential model previously developed for brain tissue.

TL;DR: Preliminary results show that MMP-13 (collagenase-3) gene expression increased dramatically early after ACL surgery and remained high thereafter, and characterize at the molecular level the evolution of OA in this rabbit model.

TL;DR: This paper presents a series of techniques, which examine the deformation characteristics of bovine articular chondrocytes, using well established methodology, involving AFM and micropipette aspiration, to yield structural properties of local regions of isolated chondROcytes.

TL;DR: High frequency ultrasound is a useful tool for evaluation of the quality of superficial articular cartilage as well as for the measurement of cartilage thickness, and appears to be a valuable supplement to the mechanical measurements of articular Cartilage stiffness.

TL;DR: Calculations of the electric field inside a layer of cartilage in an open circuit one-dimensional (1D) stress relaxation experiment demonstrate that for proper interpretation of the mechano-electrochemical signal transduction mechanisms, one must not ignore the diffusion potential.

TL;DR: Physiological correct modelling of blood flow through the human ascending aorta is done by combining computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which provides a relatively new approach in the analysis and quantification of the haemodynamic variables.

TL;DR: The results allow the conclusion of an influence of ion channel modulators on chondrocyte proliferation, which could serve the research of new osteoarthritis treatment concepts.

TL;DR: Results from this study support the view that non-planarity in blood vessels is a factor with important haemodynamic significance and may play a key role in vascular biology and pathophysiology.

TL;DR: This study focuses on the investigation of passage times for blood cells through the two-aneurysm malformation, and constructs residence time maps that exhibit strong non-uniformity, linked to the entry of fluid in only the first, only the second, or in both aneurysms.

TL;DR: There is growing evidence that NO/prostanoid independent relaxations involve direct heterocellular signalling between endothelial and smooth muscle cells via gap junctions and local haemodynamic forces acting on the endothelium modulate vascular tone through mechanisms that normalize intimal shear stress.

TL;DR: It is concluded that vessel curvature - whether in- or out-of-plane - rather than planarity may deserve further scrutiny as a potential geometric risk for atherogenesis.

TL;DR: It is concluded that regular, sub-maximal loading, as occurred in the Pasture group, seems best for an optimal development of the musculoskeletal tissues.

TL;DR: Collagen fibril reinforcement was incorporated into a nonlinear poroelastic model for articular cartilage in unconfined compression and it was found that the radial fibrils play a predominant role in the transient mechanical behavior but a less importantrole in the equilibrium response of cartilage.

TL;DR: In recent years, several diverse approaches aimed at preventing neointimal formation have been devised which have yielded promising results, including the use of external stents, gene therapy as well as conventional pharmacological interventions.

TL;DR: Examination of the effect of high pressure on gene expression profile in pressurized vs. non-pressurized human chondrosarcoma cells found that stability of down-regulated mRNA species appeared to increase and mRNAs of certain immediate-early genes became destabilized under pressure treatment.

TL;DR: IL-1 modulation of intercellular communication represents a novel mechanism by which proinflammatory mediators regulate the activity of cartilage cells, suggesting a crucial role of cytosolic Ca2+ in regulating the expression of connexin 43.

TL;DR: The results suggest that pressure variations may influence synthesis of engineered cartilage matrices, with implications for construct development and post-implantation survival.