Showing papers in "Modern Pathology in 2014"

TL;DR: STAT6 is a highly sensitive and almost perfectly specific immunohistochemical marker for SFT and can be helpful to distinguish this tumor type from histologic mimics.

TL;DR: Recommendations are highlighted that the use of mean HER2 copy number rather than HER2:CEP17 ratio to define HER2 positivity in cases where coamplification of the centromere might mask HER2 amplification, and a need to harmonize in situ hybridization scoring methodology to support accurate HER2 status determination.

TL;DR: This symposium represented the first collaborative step to develop a classification that may lead to a common treatment-stratification system incorporating tumor histopathology and work towards an International Pediatric Liver Tumors Consensus Classification.

TL;DR: It was shown that EGFR mutation was a rare event, but high EGFR copy number was relatively frequent and correlated with EGFR overexpression in triple-negative breast cancer, suggesting that evaluation of EGFR Copy number may be useful for predicting outcomes in patients with triple- negative breast cancer and for selecting patients for anti-EGFR-targeted therapy.

TL;DR: Understanding the distinct mutation patterns found in the PI3K and Wnt pathways of ovarian and endometrial endometrioid carcinomas may provide future opportunities for stratifying patients for targeted therapeutics.

TL;DR: Next-generation sequencing can be performed with only nanograms of DNA and has better sensitivity than traditional sequencing platforms and enhances the power of fine needle aspiration by providing gene mutation results that can direct personalized cancer therapy.

TL;DR: Patients with the cholangiolar-type intrahepatic cholangsiocarcinoma had higher 5-year survival rates than those of patients with the bile duct- type intrahecarcinomas, a heterogeneous tumor.

TL;DR: It is proposed that, immunohistochemical screening for BAP1 should become routine in the histopathological work-up of uveal melanoma and indicates that loss of B AP1 may be particularly involved in the progression of uVEal melanomas to an aggressive, metastatic phenotype.

TL;DR: Estimates of tumor cell percentages on H&E-stained slides are not accurate, which could result in misinterpretation of test results, and could possibly be improved by using a training set with feedback.

TL;DR: The results indicate that HPV vaccines may prevent up to 82.5% (HPV16/18) and up to 95.3% (9-valent vaccine) of HPV-positive cervical adenocarcinomas, mostly the classic type.

TL;DR: This article will focus on pathological and molecular features of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, including the more common WWTR1–CAMTA1 fusion, as well as the recently described YAP1–TFE3 fusion, and discuss the heterogeneity of angiosarcoma clinical, morphological and genetic spectrum.

TL;DR: An alternative pathway with the genetic pathogenesis of cystic nephroma and DICER1-renal sarcoma paralleling that of type I to type II/III malignant progression of pleuropulmonary blastoma is proposed.

TL;DR: Routine genotyping is strongly recommended for optimal management of GISTs, as the type and dose of TKI used for treatment is dependent on the mutation identified.

TL;DR: It is found that STAT6 is amplified in a subset of dedifferentiated liposarcoma, resulting in STAT6 protein expression that can be detected by immunohistochemistry and may be a potential pitfall in the differential diagnosis of ded indifferentiated lipo-coma.

TL;DR: It is suggested that loss of androgen receptor in triple-negative breast cancers augurs a worse prognosis, including those with basal-like features.

TL;DR: The findings of this study strongly suggest that MED12 mutations and HMGA2 overexpression are independent genetic events that occur in leiomyomas, and they may act differently in the tumorigenesis of uterine le iomyomas.

TL;DR: Although systemic metastases portend a grim prognosis, regional lymph node involvement does not, at least in short-term follow-up, and the tendency for PRCC-TFE3 renal cell carcinomas to recur late warrants long-term following-up.

TL;DR: Comprehensive NGS of 35 UCs of the bladder revealed a diverse spectrum of actionable GAs in 83% of cases, which has the potential to inform treatment decisions for patients with relapsed and metastatic disease.

TL;DR: The development of biliary intraductal papillary neoplasms of the bile duct follows an adenoma-carcinoma sequence that correlates with the stepwise activation of common oncogenic pathways.

TL;DR: Although full-length ROS1 is expressed in some ROS1-non-rearranged cases, it is shown that establishment of an optimal set of interpretative criteria makes ROS1 immunohistochemistry a valuable method to rapidly and accurately screen lung cancer patients for appropriate molecular therapy.

TL;DR: The findings highlight the important prognostic value of comprehensive histologic subtyping and recording the percentage of each histologic pattern, according to the IASLC/ATS/ERS classification with the addition of the cribriform subtype.

TL;DR: The results indicate that evaluation of a limited set of adverse histologic features allows for the separation of disseminated mucinous neoplasms of appendiceal origin into three morphologically defined and prognostically relevant grades as advocated by the AJCC.

TL;DR: It is shown, for the first time, that MYC gene amplification and protein overexpression in primary (non-radiation-associated) AS of the skin were shown and were not correlated with clinical outcome.

TL;DR: It is concluded that MYC rearrangements add prognostic information for individual risk estimation and such cases might represent a distinct, biologically determined disease subgroup.

TL;DR: It is found that ARID1A mutations were negatively associated with TP53 mutations but were unrelated to mismatch repair gene mutations; this study investigated the frequency of BAF250a immunohistochemical loss in a cohort of high-grade endometrial cancers and correlated it with mismatch repair and p53 protein expression.

TL;DR: It is found that the activating TERT promoter mutations reported in melanoma are also frequent in squamous cell carcinomas and basal cell carcinoma, the latter including both sporadic tumors and tumors from patients with nevoid basalcell carcinoma syndrome.

TL;DR: Intra-tumoral budding in pre-treatment rectal cancer biopsies with pathological response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and with long-term outcome is correlated with lower disease-free 5-year survival rate and cancer-specific death.

TL;DR: The identified mutations confirm the pathogenetic role of UV exposure in both atypical fibroxanthomas and pleomorphic dermal sarcomas and suggest that telomere maintenance through increased expression of telomerase plays an important role in the pathogenesis of these tumors.

TL;DR: This study confirms that fluorescence confocal microscopy may represent an alternative to frozen sections in the assessment of margin status in selected settings or when the conservation of the specimen is crucial.

TL;DR: Immunohistochemical analysis of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1C expression and molecular genotyping accurately classify hydatidiform moles into complete and partial types and distinguish these from non-molar specimens.