Showing papers in "Trends in Cell Biology in 2008"

TL;DR: The let-7-family conservation and the recent advances in understanding how let- 7-expression is regulated at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels across species are reviewed.

TL;DR: These models are described and it is argued that BH3-only proteins must perform both functions to efficiently engage MOMP and apoptosis.

TL;DR: This review is devoted to the analysis of mitochondrial function in cancer cells, including the mechanisms underlying the upregulation of glycolysis, and how intervention with cellular bioenergetic pathways might make tumor cells more susceptible to anticancer treatment and induction of apoptosis.

TL;DR: The diverse functions of HDAC6 suggest that it is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of a range of diseases, and its potential scaffold functions in the regulation of cell migration and other key biological processes in which the cytoskeleton plays an important role are examined.

TL;DR: New data indicate that protease-dependent transmigration is largely reliant on a group of membrane-anchored metalloenzymes, termed the membrane-type matrix metalloproteinases, which irreversibly remodel BM structure.

TL;DR: New evidence is discussed suggesting that exosomes participate in the transport of morphogens and RNA, and thus influence cell polarity and developmental patterning of tissues.

TL;DR: This review discusses the most recent developments in the nuclear-pore-complex field, focusing on the assembly, disassembly, maintenance and function of this macromolecular structure.

TL;DR: Recent studies that have elucidated some of the signals affecting E2F activity and that have revealed additional E1F targets and functions are discussed, thereby enriching the understanding of this versatile transcription-factor family.

TL;DR: Findings are summarized and how activation of apoptosis is linked to the process of compensatory proliferation is discussed, and the developmental and pathological relevance of compensatories proliferation is also discussed.

TL;DR: This issue is revisited, considering recent studies with diagnostic mutator polymerases that support a model wherein Pol epsilon is primarily responsible for copying the leading-strand template and Pol delta is primarily involved in copying the lagging-Strand template.

TL;DR: Recent findings in Drosophila have identified a non-canonical mode of JAK-STAT signaling, which directly controls heterochromatin stability, which indicates that the Jak-STAT pathway also controls cellular epigenetic status, which affects expression of genes beyond those under direct STAT transcriptional control.

TL;DR: Structural, biochemical and cell biological experiments support the unique role of this family of proteins as transducers of signalling, linking the protruding membrane to the underlying actin cytoskeleton.

TL;DR: Manipulation of intracellular tension affects the same targets, supporting the idea that integrin activation and intrACEllular tension are closely related.

TL;DR: Recent advances in understanding of the protein complexes and signallosomes controlling integrin trafficking are reviewed, and how these influence cell migration and signalling events downstream of integrin engagement are described.

TL;DR: The progress made in understanding these mysterious proteins is reviewed and, in particular, their function as Wnt receptors is focused on.

TL;DR: Recent advances in the understanding of the roles of FOXO family members in tumor suppression are discussed.

TL;DR: Results from studies of yeast, fly and mammalian VAPs are integrated to provide insight into the structural features of these proteins, the network of VAP-interacting proteins, their possible physiological functions, and their involvement in motor neuron disease.

TL;DR: This work proposes models for the biogenesis of both types of membrane bridges and describes how viruses use these structures for the purpose of cell-to-cell spread.

TL;DR: These properties produce robust systems that limit the catastrophic consequences of transposon mobilization, which can result in the accumulation of deleterious mutations, changes in gene expression patterns, and conditions such as gonadal hypotrophy and sterility.

TL;DR: A model is presented, which integrates the current knowledge concerning the molecular mechanisms that maintain the polarization of Rho signaling in plant cells.

TL;DR: Recent progress in understanding of how Arfs and their interacting proteins function to integrate membrane and cytoskeletal dynamics is reviewed.

TL;DR: It is suggested that GEF-H1 could be a novel therapeutic target in multiple human diseases, including leukemias, cancers associated with mutated p53 tumor suppressor gene, epithelial and endothelial cell dysfunction, infectious disease, and cardiac hypertrophy.

TL;DR: Recent findings are reviewed that provide important mechanistic insights into how a single procentriole forms next to each centriole once per cell cycle, thus ensuring that one centrosome becomes two.

TL;DR: Surprisingly, both the proteins recognizing this mark and the mechanisms causing gene repression differ between both kingdoms suggests that different developmental strategies used in plant and animal development entailed the evolution of different repressive maintenance mechanisms.

TL;DR: The Rho family GTPases seem to function in the local activation of the exocyst complex to facilitate downstream vesicle-fusion events, likely to have an important role in spatial regulation of exocytosis.

TL;DR: The latest results and an emerging model for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay are summarized and discussed, which suggest a conserved model for the regulation of gene expression.

TL;DR: This review summarizes recent findings on the complex role of bone marrow-derived cells in tumor growth and emphasizes the role of myeloid cells in mediating refractoriness to anti-VEGF treatments.

TL;DR: Unanticipated AMPK functions for initiating and maintaining cell polarity and completing normal cell division are examined and the ability of AMPK to sense energy status might be coupled with fundamental cell biological functions.

TL;DR: The current understanding of the role of TACC proteins in the regulation of microtubule dynamics is reviewed, and the complexity of centrosome function is highlighted.

TL;DR: Current models of pseudopodial protrusions are discussed and how the road to more complex models lies open and is already paved by recent studies using Listeria-based biomimetic motility assays are described.