Showing papers in "Vision Research in 2010"

TL;DR: This work critically review what is currently known about the role of various aspects of visual function in driving and discusses translational research issues on vision screening for licensure and re-licensure and rehabilitation of visually impaired persons who want to drive.

TL;DR: It is established that the melanopsin photoresponse of ipRGCs contributes significantly to the maintenance of half maximal pupilloconstriction in response to light stimuli of 30s or longer, even at low photopic irradiances.

TL;DR: The theory proposes a computational role for attention and leads to a model that predicts some of its main properties at the level of psychophysics and physiology, and shows that several well-known attentional phenomena emerge naturally as predictions of the model.

TL;DR: This paper reviews tactual perception of material properties such as roughness, compliance, coldness and friction, and takes a look into how sensation of these material properties can be induced artificially in haptic displays.

TL;DR: Findings reveal a potential facilitation of development of attentional skills in children who are avid players of action video games, and young girls are at risk of under-performing on such tests, calling for a careful control of video game usage when assessing gender differences in attentional tasks.

TL;DR: This review explores how cigarette smoking and oxidative stress to the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) might contribute to AMD, and how the transcription factor Nrf2 can activate a cytoprotective response.

TL;DR: Recent behavioural and neurophysiological studies on manual actions that require to consider more than a single spatial location in the planning of the response, such as movement sequences, grasping, and movements around obstacles are reviewed.

TL;DR: In the past few years, there has been a concerted effort to study statistical regularities in art as they relate to neural coding and visual perception, and art stimuli have begun to be studied in rigorous ways, as natural scenes have been as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: It is suggested that early motor training can jump-start infants' transition into reaching and inform their perception of others' actions.

TL;DR: It is shown that visual fixation of obstacles is not required for rapid and adaptive navigation of obstacles, and several possibilities for why obstacle navigation may shift from foveal to peripheral control over development are discussed.

TL;DR: Findings support the idea that IOR facilitates foraging by discouraging orienting toward previously examined regions and items through inhibition of return in search.

TL;DR: The value of non-invasive quantification of macular pigment levels and distributions to identify individuals potentially at risk for visual disability or catastrophic vision loss from age-related macular degeneration is assessed.

TL;DR: This work uses Navon figures to provide the first direct comparison of global-local processing using a standard method from the attention literature and argues participants' race should be reported in all studies about, or involving, visual attention to spatially distributed stimuli.

TL;DR: It is found that although different faces have varying attractiveness, individual attractiveness is optimized when the face's vertical distance between the eyes and the mouth is approximately 36% of its length, and the horizontal distancebetween the eyes is approximately 46% of the face’s width.

TL;DR: Using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and adaptive optics (AO) retinal imaging, high-resolution images of the foveal region in six individuals with albinism are obtained and a quantitative analysis of cone density and outer segment elongation demonstrates that fovean cone specialization is variable in albinists.

TL;DR: A new model of attention guidance for efficient and scalable first-stage search and recognition with many objects is described, on par or better than SIFT and HMAX, while being, respectively, 1500 and 279 times faster.

TL;DR: These findings support the notion of a central viewing tendency in scene analysis, but also demonstrate a bias to the screen center that forms a potential artifact in visual perception experiments.

TL;DR: The condition weights that resulted suggest that static displays encourage reliance on the face for recognition, whereas dynamic displays seem to direct attention more equitably across the body and face.

TL;DR: Two distinct effects of attentional load were revealed: higher loads were associated consistently with lower microsaccade rates, but also with increased directional selectivity, suggesting that they may reflect independent processes.

TL;DR: A very large data set is collected on three tasks: an efficient color feature search, an inefficient search for a 2 among 5s, and an intermediate colorxorientation conjunction search to guide future modeling of visual search.

TL;DR: This work describes statistical decision theory and Bayesian decision theory, and discusses how possible ideal models are related to imperfect, actual observers and how the "Bayesian hypothesis" can be tested experimentally.

TL;DR: It is suggested that non-retinotopic high brain areas may be responsible for orientation learning, consistent with the extant neurophysiological data.

TL;DR: Using an orientation discrimination task, it is demonstrated that specificity follows after extensive training, while the earliest stages of perceptual learning exhibit substantial transfer to a new location and an opposite orientation.

TL;DR: The present study used the additional singleton paradigm of Theeuwes (1992) and showed that capture was abolished when the size of the attentional window was reduced by focusing on RSVP stream in the center of the screen.

TL;DR: Comparison of the two groups showed that whereas VGP players have a more uniform increase in field size in both central and peripheral fields deaf observers show non-uniform increases with greatest increases in lower parts of the visual field.

TL;DR: Judgments in the action- first group were strongly related to height, weight, and torso size, whereas judgments in the perception-first group were not, and action feedback aided perceptual judgments by facilitating scaling to body dimensions.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that in Chinese eyes, the myopic group present a hyperopic shift in the periphery, the hypermetropic eye present a myopic shift and the emmetropics eyes present no differences to the fovea, which is similar to those reports in Caucasian eyes.

TL;DR: In this article, a longitudinal, placebo-controlled and randomized supplementation trial was designed to assess whether macular pigment optical density (MPOD) is associated with visual performance, and the results showed that MPOD was positively associated with central visual function, including BCVA and contrast sensitivity.

TL;DR: Interactions in the perception of facial age and gender are demonstrated, and dissociable neuronal coding of male and female faces is supported, and bilateral opposite age aftereffects for female and male faces are induced.

TL;DR: This paper reviews recent progress towards understanding 3D shape perception made possible by appreciating the significant role that veridicality and complexity play in the natural visual environment and compares some of the highlights of the novel, successful approach to the recovery of3D shape from a 2D image with prior, less successful approaches.