Journal ArticleDOI
A Chip for an Implantable Neural Stimulator
Gunnar Gudnason,Erik Bruun,Morten Kristian Haugland +2 more
- Vol. 22, Iss: 1, pp 81-89
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TLDR
In this paper, the authors describe a chip for a multichannel neural stimulator for functional electrical stimulation (FES), which is able to generate charge-balanced current pulses with a controllable length up to 256 μs and an amplitude up to 2 mA.Abstract:
This paper describes a chip for a multichannel neural stimulator for functional electrical stimulation (FES). The purpose of FES is to restore muscular control in disabled patients. The chip performs all the signal processing required in an implanted neural stimulator. The power and digital data transmission to the stimulator passes through a 5 MHz inductive link. From the signals transmitted to the stimulator, the chip is able to generate charge-balanced current pulses with a controllable length up to 256 μs and an amplitude up to 2 mA, for stimulation of nerve fibers. The quiescent current consumption of the chip is approx. 650 μA at supply voltages of 6–12 V, and its size is 3.9×3.5 mm^2. It has 4 output channels for use in a multipolar cuff electrode.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Fully integrated wideband high-current rectifiers for inductively powered devices
Maysam Ghovanloo,Khalil Najafi +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the design and implementation of fully integrated rectifiers in BiCMOS and standard CMOS technologies for rectifying an externally generated RF carrier signal in inductively powered wireless devices, such as biomedical implants, radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags, and smartcards to generate an on-chip dc supply.
Journal ArticleDOI
Wireless smart implants dedicated to multichannel monitoring and microstimulation
TL;DR: This invited paper covers several techniques and methods employed to build high reliability circuits and systems dedicated to implement advanced implantable and wirelessly controlled smart medical devices such as sensors and microstimulateurs.
Journal ArticleDOI
A fully integrated low-power BPSK demodulator for implantable medical devices
Yamu Hu,Mohamad Sawan +1 more
TL;DR: A fully integrated binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) demodulator, which is based on a hard-limited COSTAS loop topology, dedicated to such implantable medical devices, which may improve the controllability and observability of the overall implanted system.
Journal ArticleDOI
Energy Harvesting and Remote Powering for Implantable Biosensors
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the most popular techniques to harvest energy for implantable biosensors is presented, focusing on the inductive links that are able to deliver power wirelessly through the biological tissues and enable bidirectional data communication with the implanted sensors.
Journal ArticleDOI
An Active Approach for Charge Balancing in Functional Electrical Stimulation
TL;DR: This paper presents a new active approach for charge balancing using long-term offset regulation, which is compared to a previously introduced active charge balancer as well as commonly used passive balancing techniques.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A single-channel implantable microstimulator for functional neuromuscular stimulation
TL;DR: The single-channel implantable microstimulator device measures 2/spl times/2/ spl times/10 mm/sup 3/ and can be inserted into paralyzed muscle groups by expulsion from a hypodermic needle.
Journal ArticleDOI
A 64-site multishank CMOS low-profile neural stimulating probe
Changhyun Kim,Kensall D. Wise +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a low-profile micromachined CMOS probe for multisite stimulation and recording in the central nervous system is described, which uses flexible silicon interconnects to allow the signal processing portion of the probe to fold at right angles to the penetrating probe shanks.
Journal ArticleDOI
An advanced demultiplexing system for physiological stimulation
K.E. Jones,Richard A. Normann +1 more
TL;DR: The scheme described herein was used to reduce the amount of digital information which must be sent to control a large quantity of stimulating electrodes, and is scalable to a 625-channel stimulator while keeping data transmission rates under 2 Mbps.
Journal ArticleDOI
When are actively balanced biphasic (‘Lilly’) stimulating pulses necessary in a neurological prosthesis? I Historical background; Pt resting potential; Q studies
TL;DR: It is concluded that, in respect of safe deliverable charge density per pulse at the electrode, release of noxious products and stimulating effectiveness, simple pulses need give no worse performance; in some circumstances they may give better.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
A Multichannel Neuromuscular Microstimulator With Bi-directional Telemetry
M.D. Nardin,Khalil Najafi +1 more
TL;DR: The microstimulator receives power and data through wireless RF telemetry and incorporates voltage regulators, clock recovery, data detection, output drivers, and an active on-chip transmitter onto a single BiCMOS IC chip measuring 1.4mmx13.5mm and dissipating only 40mW of power.