Activation and Cellular Localization of the Cyclosporine A-sensitive Transcription Factor NF-AT in Skeletal Muscle Cells
TLDR
It is demonstrated that skeletal muscle cells express functionally active NF-AT proteins and that the nuclear translocation of individual NF- AT isoforms, which is essential for the ability to coordinate gene expression, is influenced markedly by the differentiation state of the muscle cell.Abstract:
The widely used immunosuppressant cyclosporine A (CSA) blocks nuclear translocation of the transcription factor, NF-AT (nuclear factor of activated T cells), preventing its activity. mRNA for sever...read more
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Transcriptional regulation by calcium, calcineurin, and NFAT
TL;DR: The NFAT family of transcription factors encompasses five proteins evolutionarily related to the Rel/NF B family, and it is clear that NFAT activates transcription of a large number of genes during an effective immune response.
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Calcium's Role in Mechanotransduction during Muscle Development
TL;DR: How diverse mechanical stimuli cause changes in calcium homeostasis by affecting membrane channels and the intracellular stores, which in turn regulate multiple pathways that impart these effects and control the fate of muscle tissue is discussed in detail.
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NFAT Signaling: Choreographing the Social Lives of Cells
Gerald R. Crabtree,Eric N. Olson +1 more
TL;DR: Calcium signaling activates the phosphatase calcineurin and induces movement of NFATc proteins into the nucleus, where they cooperate with other proteins to form complexes on DNA.
Journal ArticleDOI
Localized Igf-1 transgene expression sustains hypertrophy and regeneration in senescent skeletal muscle
Antonio Musarò,Karl J. A. McCullagh,Angelika Christina Paul,Leslie Houghton,Gabriella Dobrowolny,Mario Molinaro,Elisabeth R. Barton,H. L. Sweeney,Nadia Rosenthal +8 more
TL;DR: A model of persistent, functional myocyte hypertrophy is generated using a tissue-restricted transgene encoding a locally acting isoform of insulin-like growth factor-1 that is expressed in skeletal muscle (mIgf-1) and suggests clinical strategies for the treatment of age or disease-related muscle frailty.
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Generic Signals and Specific Outcomes: Signaling through Ca2+, Calcineurin, and NF-AT
TL;DR: Higher concentrations of cyclosporin or FK506, often in the range of 1 μ M as opposed to 10 nM for lymphocytes, are required for exploring the actions of calcineurin in memory (Winder et al. 1998) and myocardial function (17xWinder, D.B. 1998).
References
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Cleavage of Structural Proteins during the Assembly of the Head of Bacteriophage T4
TL;DR: Using an improved method of gel electrophoresis, many hitherto unknown proteins have been found in bacteriophage T4 and some of these have been identified with specific gene products.
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A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding
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Journal Article
Cleavage of structural proteins during the assemble of the head of bacterio-phage T4
TL;DR: Using an improved method of gel electrophoresis, many hitherto unknown proteins have been found in bacteriophage T4 and some of these have been identified with specific gene products as mentioned in this paper.
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Thapsigargin, a tumor promoter, discharges intracellular Ca2+ stores by specific inhibition of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2(+)-ATPase.
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TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS OF THE NFAT FAMILY:Regulation and Function
TL;DR: Recent data on the diversity of the NFAT family of transcription factors, the regulation of NFAT proteins within cells, and the cooperation ofNFAT proteins with other transcription factors to regulate the expression of inducible genes are discussed.