Journal ArticleDOI
An ultra-lightweight design for imperceptible plastic electronics
Martin Kaltenbrunner,Tsuyoshi Sekitani,Tsuyoshi Sekitani,Jonathan T. Reeder,Jonathan T. Reeder,Tomoyuki Yokota,Kazunori Kuribara,Takeyoshi Tokuhara,Michael Drack,Reinhard Schwödiauer,Ingrid Graz,Simona Bauer-Gogonea,Siegfried Bauer,Takao Someya,Takao Someya +14 more
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TLDR
In this paper, the authors present a platform that makes electronics both virtually unbreakable and imperceptible on polyimide polysilicon elastomers, which can be operated at high temperatures and in aqueous environments.Abstract:
Electronic devices have advanced from their heavy, bulky origins to become smart, mobile appliances. Nevertheless, they remain rigid, which precludes their intimate integration into everyday life. Flexible, textile and stretchable electronics are emerging research areas and may yield mainstream technologies. Rollable and unbreakable backplanes with amorphous silicon field-effect transistors on steel substrates only 3 μm thick have been demonstrated. On polymer substrates, bending radii of 0.1 mm have been achieved in flexible electronic devices. Concurrently, the need for compliant electronics that can not only be flexed but also conform to three-dimensional shapes has emerged. Approaches include the transfer of ultrathin polyimide layers encapsulating silicon CMOS circuits onto pre-stretched elastomers, the use of conductive elastomers integrated with organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) on polyimide islands, and fabrication of OFETs and gold interconnects on elastic substrates to realize pressure, temperature and optical sensors. Here we present a platform that makes electronics both virtually unbreakable and imperceptible. Fabricated directly on ultrathin (1 μm) polymer foils, our electronic circuits are light (3 g m(-2)) and ultraflexible and conform to their ambient, dynamic environment. Organic transistors with an ultra-dense oxide gate dielectric a few nanometres thick formed at room temperature enable sophisticated large-area electronic foils with unprecedented mechanical and environmental stability: they withstand repeated bending to radii of 5 μm and less, can be crumpled like paper, accommodate stretching up to 230% on prestrained elastomers, and can be operated at high temperatures and in aqueous environments. Because manufacturing costs of organic electronics are potentially low, imperceptible electronic foils may be as common in the future as plastic wrap is today. Applications include matrix-addressed tactile sensor foils for health care and monitoring, thin-film heaters, temperature and infrared sensors, displays, and organic solar cells.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Skin-Integrated Vibrohaptic Interfaces for Virtual and Augmented Reality
TL;DR: The biological basis for skin interfaces of this type and the latest advances in haptics in the context of this ambitious goal are highlighted, including electrotactiles and vibrotactile devices that support perceptions of touch in form factors that have potential as skin‐integrated interfaces.
Journal ArticleDOI
Melding Vapor-Phase Organic Chemistry and Textile Manufacturing To Produce Wearable Electronics
Trisha L. Andrew,Lushuai Zhang,Nongyi Cheng,Morgan Baima,Jae Joon Kim,Linden K. Allison,Steven Hoxie +6 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that the strongest strategy to create long-lasting and impactful electronic garments is to start with a mass-produced article of clothing, fabric, or thread/yarn and coat it with conjugated polymers to yield various textile circuit components.
Journal ArticleDOI
Approaches to Stretchable Polymer Active Channels for Deformable Transistors
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the perspectives of the second approach, specifically focusing on the polymer semiconductor channel layers, that is expected to facilitate high density device integration in addition to large area devices including polymer solar cells and light-emitting diodes.
Journal ArticleDOI
All‐Elastomeric, Strain‐Responsive Thermochromic Color Indicators
Cunjiang Yu,Yihui Zhang,Yihui Zhang,Dongkai Cheng,Xuetong Li,Xuetong Li,Yonggang Huang,John A. Rogers +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, a simple, non-emissive option in display materials that likewise offer intrinsic stretchability is presented, using elastomeric composites of thermochromic materials and metallic particles as the photonic and electronic components, respectively, in concepts that build on related materials.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Materials and mechanics for stretchable electronics
TL;DR: Inorganic and organic electronic materials in microstructured and nanostructured forms, intimately integrated with elastomeric substrates, offer particularly attractive characteristics, with realistic pathways to sophisticated embodiments, and applications in systems ranging from electronic eyeball cameras to deformable light-emitting displays are described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Skin-like pressure and strain sensors based on transparent elastic films of carbon nanotubes
Darren J. Lipomi,Michael Vosgueritchian,Benjamin C. K. Tee,Sondra L. Hellstrom,Jennifer A. Lee,Courtney H. Fox,Zhenan Bao +6 more
TL;DR: Transparent, conducting spray-deposited films of single-walled carbon nanotubes are reported that can be rendered stretchable by applying strain along each axis, and then releasing this strain.
Journal ArticleDOI
A high-mobility electron-transporting polymer for printed transistors
He Yan,Zhihua Chen,Yan Zheng,Chris Newman,Jordan R. Quinn,Florian Dötz,Marcel Kastler,Antonio Facchetti +7 more
TL;DR: A highly soluble and printable n-channel polymer exhibiting unprecedented OTFT characteristics under ambient conditions in combination with Au contacts and various polymeric dielectrics is reported and all-printed polymeric complementary inverters have been demonstrated.
PatentDOI
Stretchable form of single crystal silicon for high performance electronics on rubber substrates
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present stretchable and printable semiconductors and electronic circuits capable of providing good performance when stretched, compressed, flexed, or otherwise deformed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stretchable and foldable silicon integrated circuits.
Dae-Hyeong Kim,Jong Hyun Ahn,Won Mook Choi,Hoon-Sik Kim,Tae-Ho Kim,Jizhou Song,Yonggang Huang,Zhuangjian Liu,Chun Lu,John A. Rogers +9 more
TL;DR: A simple approach to high-performance, stretchable, and foldable integrated circuits that integrate inorganic electronic materials, including aligned arrays of nanoribbons of single crystalline silicon, with ultrathin plastic and elastomeric substrates.