Journal ArticleDOI
Carbon stocks in artificially and naturally regenerated mangrove ecosystems in the Mekong Delta
Vien Ngoc Nam,Sigit D. Sasmito,Sigit D. Sasmito,Daniel Murdiyarso,Daniel Murdiyarso,Joko Purbopuspito,Richard A. MacKenzie +6 more
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In this paper, the authors assess the potential for restored mangrove forests in Vietnam to sequester and store carbon, by characterizing two different manrove restoration areas in the Mekong Delta region.Abstract:
Mangrove forests cover a small fraction of the earth’s surface, but contribute disproportionately to ecosystem services, including carbon (C) storage. These forests are being rapidly degraded as demand for economic development grows. In recognition of the multiple benefits of mangrove forests, rehabilitation of degraded forests is being carried out in many regions. This study assesses the potential for restored mangrove forests in Vietnam to sequester and store C, by characterizing two different mangrove restoration areas in the Mekong Delta region. The Can Gio Mangrove Biospheres Reserve (CGMBR) in Ho Chi Minh City was highly degraded during the Vietnam War and was subsequently replanted between 1978 and 1998. The Kien Vang Protection Forest (KVPF) in Ca Mau Province was similarly degraded during the war, but unlike CGMBR, it has experienced natural regeneration over the last 35 years. We find that vegetation structure between two sites are not different significantly, though CGMBR has richer mangrove species diversity than KVPF. The mean of total ecosystem C stocks in planted mangroves of CGMBR (889 ± 111 MgC ha−1) is not significantly different compare to natural regeneration forests of KVPF (844 ± 58 MgC ha−1). Our findings suggest that after 35 years, both anthropogenically and naturally regenerated mangroves appear to store similar levels of C.read more
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Rebuilding marine life
Carlos M. Duarte,Carlos M. Duarte,Susana Agustí,Edward B. Barbier,Gregory L. Britten,Juan Carlos Castilla,Jean-Pierre Gattuso,Jean-Pierre Gattuso,Jean-Pierre Gattuso,Robinson W. Fulweiler,Terry P. Hughes,Nancy Knowlton,Catherine E. Lovelock,Heike K. Lotze,Milica Predragovic,Elvira S. Poloczanska,Callum M. Roberts,Boris Worm +17 more
TL;DR: Recovery rates across studies suggest that substantial recovery of the abundance, structure and function of marine life could be achieved by 2050 if major pressures, including climate change, are mitigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ocean solutions to address climate change and its effects on marine ecosystems
Jean-Pierre Gattuso,Jean-Pierre Gattuso,Jean-Pierre Gattuso,Alexandre K. Magnan,Alexandre K. Magnan,Laurent Bopp,Laurent Bopp,William W. L. Cheung,Carlos M. Duarte,Carlos M. Duarte,Jochen Hinkel,Elizabeth Mcleod,Fiorenza Micheli,Andreas Oschlies,Phillip Williamson,Phillip Williamson,Raphaël Billé,Vasiliki I. Chalastani,Vasiliki I. Chalastani,Ruth D. Gates,Jean-Olivier Irisson,Jack J. Middelburg,Hans-Otto Pörtner,Greg H. Rau +23 more
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive and systematic assessment of 13 global and local-scale, ocean-based measures was performed to help steer the development and implementation of technologies and actions towards a sustainable outcome.
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Estimation and mapping of above-ground biomass of mangrove forests and their replacement land uses in the Philippines using Sentinel imagery
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the ability of Sentinel imagery for the retrieval and predictive mapping of above-ground biomass of mangroves and their replacement land uses, and developed models each from SAR raw polarisation backscatter data, multispectral bands, vegetation indices and canopy biophysical variables.
Journal ArticleDOI
UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration 2021-2030 - what chance for success in restoring coastal ecosystems?
Nathan J. Waltham,Michael Elliott,Shing Yip Lee,Catherine E. Lovelock,Carlos M. Duarte,Christina Buelow,Christina Buelow,Charles A. Simenstad,Ivan Nagelkerken,Louw Claassens,Colin K. C. Wen,Mário Barletta,Rod M. Connolly,Chris L. Gillies,Chris L. Gillies,William J. Mitsch,Matthew B. Ogburn,Jemma Purandare,Hugh P. Possingham,Hugh P. Possingham,Marcus Sheaves +20 more
TL;DR: In 2019, the United Nations General Assembly (UN) declared 2021-2030 the "UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration" and recognized the need to massively accelerate global restoration of degraded ecosystems, to fight the climate heating crisis, enhance food security, provide clean water and protect biodiversity on the planet as discussed by the authors.
Blue carbon as a natural climate solution
Peter I. Macreadie,M D P Costa,Trisha B. Atwood,Daniel A. Friess,Jeffrey J. Kelleway,Hilary Kennedy,Catherine E. Lovelock,Oscar Serrano,Oscar Serrano,Carlos M. Duarte +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the potential for blue carbon ecosystems to act as carbon sinks and the opportunities to protect or restore ecosystems for this function, and the global potential of blue carbon ecosystem protection and restoration in climate change mitigation, through carbon sequestration and co-benefit production.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A blueprint for blue carbon: toward an improved understanding of the role of vegetated coastal habitats in sequestering CO2
Elizabeth Mcleod,Gail L. Chmura,Steven Bouillon,Rodney Salm,Mats Björk,Carlos M. Duarte,Carlos M. Duarte,Catherine E. Lovelock,William H. Schlesinger,Brian R. Silliman +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify key areas of uncertainty and specific actions needed to address them and identify the value of mangrove forests, seagrass beds, and salt marshes in sequestering carbon dioxide.
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Status and distribution of mangrove forests of the world using earth observation satellite data
Chandra Giri,E. Ochieng,Larry L. Tieszen,Zhiliang Zhu,Ashbindu Singh,Thomas R. Loveland,Jeffery G. Masek,Norm Duke +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the status and distribution of global mangroves using recently available Global Land Survey (GLS) data and the Landsat archive was mapped using hybrid supervised and unsupervised digital image classification techniques.
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Mangroves among the most carbon-rich forests in the tropics
Daniel C. Donato,J. Boone Kauffman,Daniel Murdiyarso,Sofyan Kurnianto,Melanie Stidham,Markku Kanninen +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors quantified whole-ecosystem carbon storage by measuring tree and dead wood biomass, soil carbon content, and soil depth in 25 mangrove forests across a broad area of the Indo-Pacific region.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mangrove Production and Carbon sinks: A revision of global budget estimates
Steven Bouillon,Alberto Borges,Edward Castañeda-Moya,Karen Diele,Thorsten Dittmar,Norman C. Duke,Erik Kristensen,Shing Yip Lee,Cyril Marchand,Jack J. Middelburg,Victor H. Rivera-Monroy,Thomas J. Smith,Robert R. Twilley +12 more
TL;DR: The unaccounted carbon sink is conservatively estimated at 112 ± 85 Tg C a 1, equivalent in magnitude to 30-40% of the global riverine organic carbon input to the coastal zone as mentioned in this paper.