A blueprint for blue carbon: toward an improved understanding of the role of vegetated coastal habitats in sequestering CO2
Elizabeth Mcleod,Gail L. Chmura,Steven Bouillon,Rodney Salm,Mats Björk,Carlos M. Duarte,Carlos M. Duarte,Catherine E. Lovelock,William H. Schlesinger,Brian R. Silliman +9 more
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In this paper, the authors identify key areas of uncertainty and specific actions needed to address them and identify the value of mangrove forests, seagrass beds, and salt marshes in sequestering carbon dioxide.Abstract:
Recent research has highlighted the valuable role that coastal and marine ecosystems play in sequestering carbon dioxide (CO(2)). The carbon (C) sequestered in vegetated coastal ecosystems, specifically mangrove forests, seagrass beds, and salt marshes, has been termed blue carbon. Although their global area is one to two orders of magnitude smaller than that of terrestrial forests, the contribution of vegetated coastal habitats per unit area to long-term C sequestration is much greater, in part because of their efficiency in trapping suspended matter and associated organic C during tidal inundation. Despite the value of mangrove forests, seagrass beds, and salt marshes in sequestering C, and the other goods and services they provide, these systems are being lost at critical rates and action is urgently needed to prevent further degradation and loss. Recognition of the C sequestration value of vegetated coastal ecosystems provides a strong argument for their protection and restoration; however, it is necessary to improve scientific understanding of the underlying mechanisms that control C sequestration in these ecosystems. Here, we identify key areas of uncertainty and specific actions needed to address them.read more
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Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a document, redatto, voted and pubblicato by the Ipcc -Comitato intergovernativo sui cambiamenti climatici - illustra la sintesi delle ricerche svolte su questo tema rilevante.
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Natural climate solutions
Bronson W. Griscom,Bronson W. Griscom,Justin Adams,Peter W. Ellis,Richard A. Houghton,Guy Lomax,Daniela A. Miteva,William H. Schlesinger,David Shoch,Juha Siikamäki,Pete Smith,Peter B. Woodbury,Chris Zganjar,Allen Blackman,João S. Campari,Richard T. Conant,Christopher Delgado,Patricia Elias,Trisha Gopalakrishna,Marisa R. Hamsik,Mario Herrero,Joseph M. Kiesecker,Emily Landis,Lars Laestadius,Lars Laestadius,Sara M. Leavitt,Susan Minnemeyer,Stephen Polasky,Peter Potapov,Francis E. Putz,Jonathan Sanderman,Marcel Silvius,Eva K. Wollenberg,Joseph Fargione +33 more
TL;DR: It is shown that NCS can provide over one-third of the cost-effective climate mitigation needed between now and 2030 to stabilize warming to below 2 °C.
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Australian vegetated coastal ecosystems as global hotspots for climate change mitigation
Oscar Serrano,Catherine E. Lovelock,Trisha B. Atwood,Trisha B. Atwood,Peter I. Macreadie,Robert Franklin C Canto,Stuart R. Phinn,Ariane Arias-Ortiz,Le Bai,Jeff Baldock,Camila Bedulli,Camila Bedulli,Paul E. Carnell,Rod M. Connolly,Paul Donaldson,Alba Esteban,Carolyn J. Ewers Lewis,Bradley D. Eyre,Matthew A. Hayes,Matthew A. Hayes,Pierre Horwitz,Lindsay B. Hutley,Christopher R. J. Kavazos,Christopher R. J. Kavazos,Jeffrey J. Kelleway,Gary A. Kendrick,Kieryn Kilminster,Kieryn Kilminster,Anna Lafratta,Shing Lee,Shing Lee,Paul S. Lavery,Paul S. Lavery,Damien T. Maher,Núria Marbà,Pere Masqué,Miguel Ángel Mateo,Miguel Ángel Mateo,RE Mount,Peter J. Ralph,Chris Roelfsema,Mohammad Rozaimi,Mohammad Rozaimi,Radhiyah Ruhon,Radhiyah Ruhon,Cristian Salinas,Jimena Samper-Villarreal,Jimena Samper-Villarreal,Jonathan Sanderman,Jonathan Sanderman,Christian J. Sanders,Isaac R. Santos,C Sharples,Andrew D. L. Steven,Toni Cannard,Stacey M. Trevathan-Tackett,Carlos M. Duarte,Carlos M. Duarte +57 more
TL;DR: This assessment, the most comprehensive for any nation to-date, demonstrates the potential of conservation and restoration of VCE to underpin national policy development for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
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Seagrass ecosystems as a globally significant carbon stock
James W. Fourqurean,Carlos M. Duarte,Carlos M. Duarte,Hilary Kennedy,Núria Marbà,Marianne Holmer,Miguel Ángel Mateo,Eugenia T. Apostolaki,Gary A. Kendrick,Dorte Krause-Jensen,Karen J. McGlathery,Oscar Serrano +11 more
TL;DR: In this article, an analysis of organic carbon data from just under one thousand seagrass meadows indicates that, globally, these systems could store between 4.2 and 8.4 Pg carbon.
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Tidal wetland stability in the face of human impacts and sea-level rise
TL;DR: Whether wetlands continue to survive sea-level rise depends largely on how human impacts interact with rapid sea- level rise, and socio-economic factors that influence transgression into adjacent uplands.
References
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Climate change 2007: the physical science basis
Susan Solomon,Dahe Qin,Martin R. Manning,Melinda Marquis,Kristen Averyt,Melinda M.B. Tignor,H. L. Miller,Z. Chen +7 more
TL;DR: The first volume of the IPCC's Fourth Assessment Report as mentioned in this paper was published in 2007 and covers several topics including the extensive range of observations now available for the atmosphere and surface, changes in sea level, assesses the paleoclimatic perspective, climate change causes both natural and anthropogenic, and climate models for projections of global climate.
Journal ArticleDOI
The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital
Robert Costanza,Rudolf de Groot,Stephen Farberk,Monica Grasso,Bruce Hannon,Karin E. Limburg,Shahid Naeem,José M. Paruelo,Robert Raskin,Paul Suttonkk,Marjan van den Belt +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors have estimated the current economic value of 17 ecosystem services for 16 biomes, based on published studies and a few original calculations, for the entire biosphere, the value (most of which is outside the market) is estimated to be in the range of US$16-54 trillion (10^(12)) per year, with an average of US $33 trillion per year.
Book
Climate change 2007 : the physical science basis : contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a historical overview of climate change science, including changes in atmospheric constituents and radiative forcing, as well as changes in snow, ice, and frozen ground.
Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
TL;DR: Drafting Authors: Neil Adger, Pramod Aggarwal, Shardul Agrawala, Joseph Alcamo, Abdelkader Allali, Oleg Anisimov, Nigel Arnell, Michel Boko, Osvaldo Canziani, Timothy Carter, Gino Casassa, Ulisses Confalonieri, Rex Victor Cruz, Edmundo de Alba Alcaraz, William Easterling, Christopher Field, Andreas Fischlin, Blair Fitzharris.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate change 2007: the physical science basis
TL;DR: In this article, Chen et al. present a survey of the state of the art in the field of computer vision and artificial intelligence, including a discussion of the role of the human brain in computer vision.