Journal ArticleDOI
Derivation of pluripotent epiblast stem cells from mammalian embryos
I. Gabrielle M. Brons,Lucy E. Smithers,Matthew Trotter,Peter J. Rugg-Gunn,Bowen Sun,Susana M. Chuva de Sousa Lopes,Sarah K. Howlett,Amanda Clarkson,Lars Ährlund-Richter,Roger A. Pedersen,Ludovic Vallier +10 more
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TLDR
It is shown that pluripotent stem cells can be derived from the late epiblast layer of post-implantation mouse and rat embryos using chemically defined, activin-containing culture medium that is sufficient for long-term maintenance of human embryonic stem cells.Abstract:
Although the first mouse embryonic stem (ES) cell lines were derived 25 years ago using feeder-layer-based blastocyst cultures, subsequent efforts to extend the approach to other mammals, including both laboratory and domestic species, have been relatively unsuccessful. The most notable exceptions were the derivation of non-human primate ES cell lines followed shortly thereafter by their derivation of human ES cells. Despite the apparent common origin and the similar pluripotency of mouse and human embryonic stem cells, recent studies have revealed that they use different signalling pathways to maintain their pluripotent status. Mouse ES cells depend on leukaemia inhibitory factor and bone morphogenetic protein, whereas their human counterparts rely on activin (INHBA)/nodal (NODAL) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF). Here we show that pluripotent stem cells can be derived from the late epiblast layer of post-implantation mouse and rat embryos using chemically defined, activin-containing culture medium that is sufficient for long-term maintenance of human embryonic stem cells. Our results demonstrate that activin/Nodal signalling has an evolutionarily conserved role in the derivation and the maintenance of pluripotency in these novel stem cells. Epiblast stem cells provide a valuable experimental system for determining whether distinctions between mouse and human embryonic stem cells reflect species differences or diverse temporal origins.read more
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Establishment of LIF-dependent human iPS cells closely related to basic FGF-dependent authentic iPS cells
TL;DR: The LIF-dependent human iPSCs could provide a novel model to investigate the role of cytokine signaling in cellular reprogramming and it is likely that the bFGF and LIF signaling pathways converge on unidentified OCT4 target genes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cell Cycle-Driven Heterogeneity: On the Road to Demystifying the Transitions between “Poised” and “Restricted” Pluripotent Cell States
TL;DR: This review will reexamine the literature describing heterogeneity of pluripotent stem cells, while highlighting the role of the cell cycle as a major determinant.
Journal ArticleDOI
Discrimination of Stem Cell Status after Subjecting Cynomolgus Monkey Pluripotent Stem Cells to Naïve Conversion
Arata Honda,Yoshihiro Kawano,Haruna Izu,Narantsog Choijookhuu,Kimiko Honsho,Tomonori Nakamura,Yukihiro Yabuta,Takuya Yamamoto,Yasuhiro Takashima,Michiko Hirose,Tadashi Sankai,Yoshitaka Hishikawa,Atsuo Ogura,Mitinori Saitou +13 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that Cm PSCs could ameliorate their in vitro neural differentiation potential even though they could not display true naïve characteristics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Specification of the First Mammalian Cell Lineages In Vivo and In Vitro
Melanie D. White,Nicolas Plachta +1 more
TL;DR: How the first lineage decision is initiated by epigenetic regulation but consolidated by the integration of morphological features and transcription factor activity is reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human pluripotent stem cells: From biology to cell therapy
Jean-Marie Ramirez,Qiang Bai,Marilyne Dijon-Grinand,Said Assou,Sabine Gerbal-Chaloin,Samir Hamamah,John De Vos +6 more
TL;DR: A free online expression atlas, Amazonia!, is developed that displays for each human gene a virtual northern blot for PSC samples and adult tissues, and underline the fact that the answers to these questions lie in a better understanding of the biology of PSCs.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Embryonic Stem Cell Lines Derived from Human Blastocysts
James A. Thomson,Joseph Itskovitz-Eldor,Sander S. Shapiro,Michelle A. Waknitz,Swiergiel Jennifer J,Vivienne S. Marshall,Jeffrey M. Jones +6 more
TL;DR: Human blastocyst-derived, pluripotent cell lines are described that have normal karyotypes, express high levels of telomerase activity, and express cell surface markers that characterize primate embryonic stem cells but do not characterize other early lineages.
Journal ArticleDOI
Establishment in culture of pluripotential cells from mouse embryos
TL;DR: The establishment in tissue culture of pluripotent cell lines which have been isolated directly from in vitro cultures of mouse blastocysts are reported, able to differentiate either in vitro or after innoculation into a mouse as a tumour in vivo.
Journal ArticleDOI
Isolation of a pluripotent cell line from early mouse embryos cultured in medium conditioned by teratocarcinoma stem cells
TL;DR: In this article, the authors described the establishment directly from normal preimplantation mouse embryos of a cell line that forms teratocarcinomas when injected into mice and demonstrated the pluripotency of these embryonic stem cells by the observation that subclonal cultures, derived from isolated single cells, can differentiate into a wide variety of cell types.
Journal ArticleDOI
Core transcriptional regulatory circuitry in human embryonic stem cells.
Laurie A. Boyer,Tong Ihn Lee,Megan F. Cole,Sarah E. Johnstone,Stuart S. Levine,Jacob P. Zucker,Matthew G. Guenther,Roshan M. Kumar,Heather L. Murray,Richard G. Jenner,David K. Gifford,David K. Gifford,David K. Gifford,Douglas A. Melton,Douglas A. Melton,Rudolf Jaenisch,Richard A. Young,Richard A. Young +17 more
TL;DR: Insight is provided into the transcriptional regulation of stem cells and how OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG contribute to pluripotency and self-renewal and how they collaborate to form regulatory circuitry consisting of autoregulatory and feedforward loops.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quantitative expression of Oct-3/4 defines differentiation, dedifferentiation or self-renewal of ES cells.
TL;DR: A role is established for Oct-3/4 as a master regulator of pluripotency that controls lineage commitment and the sophistication of critical transcriptional regulators is illustrated and the consequent importance of quantitative analyses are illustrated.