Book ChapterDOI
Distribution of cannabinoid receptors in the central and peripheral nervous system.
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TLDR
There is the need for detailed anatomical studies of brain regions important in the therapeutic actions of drugs that modify the endocannabinoid system and the determination of the localization of the enzymes that synthesize, degrade, and transport the endOCannabinoids.Abstract:
CB1 cannabinoid receptors appear to mediate most, if not all of the psychoactive effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and related compounds. This G protein-coupled receptor has a characteristic distribution in the nervous system: It is particularly enriched in cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, basal ganglia outflow tracts, and cerebellum—a distribution that corresponds to the most prominent behavioral effects of cannabis. In addition, this distribution helps to predict neurological and psychological maladies for which manipulation of the endocannabinoid system might be beneficial. CB1 receptors are primarily expressed on neurons, where most of the receptors are found on axons and synaptic terminals, emphasizing the important role of this receptor in modulating neurotransmission at specific synapses. While our knowledge of CB1 localization in the nervous system has advanced tremendously over the past 15 years, there is still more to learn. Particularly pressing is the need for (1) detailed anatomical studies of brain regions important in the therapeutic actions of drugs that modify the endocannabinoid system and (2) the determination of the localization of the enzymes that synthesize, degrade, and transport the endocannabinoids.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Potential Use of Cannabinoids for the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer.
TL;DR: Cannabinoids may be an effective adjunct for the treatment of pancreatic cancer, and data on the anticancer effectiveness of various cannabinoid formulations, treatment dosing, precise mode of action, and clinical studies are lacking.
Journal ArticleDOI
Short- and long-term consequences of prenatal exposure to the cannabinoid agonist WIN55,212-2 on rat glutamate transmission and cognitive functions.
Luca Ferraro,Maria Cristina Tomasini,Sarah Beggiato,Silvana Gaetani,Tommaso Cassano,Vincenzo Cuomo,Salvatore Amoroso,Sergio Tanganelli,Tiziana Antonelli +8 more
TL;DR: The possibility that an alteration of glutamate transmission might underlie, at least in part, some of the cognitive deficits affecting the offspring of marijuana users, is supported.
Journal ArticleDOI
In vivo neurochemical effects induced by changes in endocannabinoid neurotransmission.
TL;DR: The endocannabinoid system can be altered in response to physiological and pathogenic events and targeted for therapeutic intervention, and this work has shown that net effects are often pleiotropic.
Journal ArticleDOI
A systematic review of phytocannabinoid exposure on the endocannabinoid system: Implications for psychosis.
Maya R. Jacobson,Maya R. Jacobson,Jeremy J. Watts,Jeremy J. Watts,Isabelle Boileau,Junchao Tong,Junchao Tong,Romina Mizrahi +7 more
TL;DR: The first review of the effects of exogenous cannabinoids on the endocannabinoid system in humans with and without psychotic disorders is conducted, finding the most well established finding is the down-regulation of cannabinoid CB1 receptors after chronic and recent cannabis exposure.
Journal ArticleDOI
PET imaging of cannabinoid type 2 receptors with [11C]A-836339 did not evidence changes following neuroinflammation in rats.
Géraldine Pottier,Vanessa Gómez-Vallejo,Daniel Padro,Raphaël Boisgard,Frédéric Dollé,Jordi Llop,Alexandra Winkeler,Abraham Martín +7 more
TL;DR: The findings suggest that [11C]A-836339 is not a suitable radiotracer to monitor in vivo CB2R expression by using PET imaging, and future studies will have to investigate alternative radiot Racers that could provide an accurate binding to CB2 receptors following brain inflammation.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Structure of a cannabinoid receptor and functional expression of the cloned cDNA
TL;DR: The cloning and expression of a complementary DNA that encodes a G protein-coupled receptor that is involved in cannabinoid-induced CNS effects (including alterations in mood and cognition) experienced by users of marijuana are suggested.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization and localization of cannabinoid receptors in rat brain: a quantitative in vitro autoradiographic study
TL;DR: The results suggest that the presently characterized cannabinoid receptor mediates physiological and behavioral effects of natural and synthetic cannabinoids, because it is strongly coupled to guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins and is discretely localized to cortical, basal ganglia, and cerebellar structures involved with cognition and movement.
Journal ArticleDOI
The endogenous cannabinoid system controls extinction of aversive memories
Giovanni Marsicano,Carsten T. Wotjak,Shahnaz Christina Azad,Shahnaz Christina Azad,Tiziana Bisogno,Gerhard Rammes,Maria Grazia Cascio,Heike Hermann,Jianrong Tang,Clementine Hofmann,Walter Zieglgänsberger,Vincenzo Di Marzo,Beat Lutz +12 more
TL;DR: Treatment of wild-type mice with the CB1 antagonist SR141716A mimicked the phenotype of CB1-deficient mice, revealing that CB1 is required at the moment of memory extinction, and proposes that endocannabinoids facilitate extinction of aversive memories through their selective inhibitory effects on local inhibitory networks in the amygdala.
Journal ArticleDOI
Immunohistochemical distribution of cannabinoid CB1 receptors in the rat central nervous system.
TL;DR: The results generally agree well with the previous studies using CB1 receptor autoradiography and messenger RNA in situ hybridization, but because of its greater resolution, immunohistochemistry allowed identification of particular neuronal cells and fibers that possess cannabinoid receptors.