Divergent consensuses on Arctic amplification influence on midlatitude severe winter weather
Judah Cohen,Xiangdong Zhang,Jennifer A. Francis,Thomas Jung,Thomas Jung,Ron Kwok,James E. Overland,Thomas J. Ballinger,Uma S. Bhatt,Hans W. Chen,Hans W. Chen,Dim Coumou,Dim Coumou,Steven B. Feldstein,Hongping Gu,Dörthe Handorf,Gina R. Henderson,Monica Ionita,Marlene Kretschmer,Frédéric Laliberté,Sukyoung Lee,Hans W. Linderholm,Hans W. Linderholm,Wieslaw Maslowski,Yannick Peings,Karl Pfeiffer,Ignatius Rigor,Tido Semmler,Julienne Stroeve,Patrick C. Taylor,Steve Vavrus,Timo Vihma,Shih-Yu Wang,Manfred Wendisch,Yutian Wu,Jin-Ho Yoon +35 more
TLDR
The Arctic has warmed more than twice as fast as the global average since the late twentieth century, a phenomenon known as Arctic amplification (AA), and progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms that link it to midlatitude weather variability as discussed by the authors.Abstract:
The Arctic has warmed more than twice as fast as the global average since the late twentieth century, a phenomenon known as Arctic amplification (AA). Recently, there have been considerable advances in understanding the physical contributions to AA, and progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms that link it to midlatitude weather variability. Observational studies overwhelmingly support that AA is contributing to winter continental cooling. Although some model experiments support the observational evidence, most modelling results show little connection between AA and severe midlatitude weather or suggest the export of excess heating from the Arctic to lower latitudes. Divergent conclusions between model and observational studies, and even intramodel studies, continue to obfuscate a clear understanding of how AA is influencing midlatitude weather.read more
Citations
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More Evidence Linking Arctic Amplification to Extreme Weather in Mid-Latitudes
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed daily fields of 500-hPa heights from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Reanalysis over N. America and the N. Atlantic to assess changes in north-south (Rossby) wave characteristics associated with Arctic amplification and the relaxation of poleward thickness gradients.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979
Mika Rantanen,Alexey Yu. Karpechko,Antti Lipponen,Kalle Nordling,Otto Hyvärinen,Kimmo Ruosteenoja,Timo Vihma,Ari Laaksonen +7 more
TL;DR: This paper showed that during the last 43 years the Arctic has been warming nearly four times faster than the globe, which is a higher ratio than generally reported in literature, and compared the observed Arctic amplification ratio with the ratio simulated by state-of-the-art climate models, and found that the observed fourfold warming ratio over 1979-2021 is an extremely rare occasion in the climate model simulations.
Tropical forcing of the recent rapid Arctic warming in northeastern Canada and Greenland
Qinghua Ding,John M. Wallace,David S. Battisti,Eric J. Steig,Ailie J. E. Gallant,Hyung-Jin Kim,Lei Geng +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors find that the most prominent annual mean surface and tropospheric warming in the Arctic since 1979 has occurred in northeastern Canada and Greenland, and that the recent warming in this region is strongly associated with a negative trend in the North Atlantic Oscillation, which is a response to anomalous Rossby wavetrain activity originating in the tropical Pacific.
Warm Arctic episodes linked with increased frequency of extreme winter weather in the United States
TL;DR: An observational analysis is presented that links Arctic warming to severe winter weather, showing that extreme weather is 2–4 times more likely in the eastern US when the Arctic is warm.
Arctic Amplification Is Caused by Sea-Ice Loss under Increasing CO 2
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that sea-ice loss is necessary for the existence of large Arctic amplification and that models need to simulate Arctic sea ice realistically in order to correctly simulate Arctic warming under increasing CO2.
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